题图：乌克兰对俄罗斯几处炼油厂设施的袭击。

The US has urged Ukraine to halt attacks on Russia’s energy infrastructure, warning the drone strikes risk driving up global oil prices and provoking retaliation, according to three people familiar with the discussions.

据三位知情人士透露，美国已敦促乌克兰停止对俄罗斯能源基础设施的袭击，并警告称，无人机袭击有可能推高全球油价并引发俄罗斯的报复。

The repeated warnings from Washington were delivered to senior officials at Ukraine’s state security service, the SBU, and its military intelligence directorate, known as the GUR, the people told the Financial Times.

这三位知情人士告诉《金融时报》，华盛顿一再向乌克兰国家安全局（SBU）和乌克兰军事情报局（GUR）的高级官员发出警告。

Both intelligence units have steadily expanded their own drone programmes to strike Russian targets on land, sea and in the air since the start of the Kremlin’s full-scale invasion in February 2022.

自2022年2月克里姆林宫开始全面入侵以来，这两个情报机构都在稳步扩大自己的无人机计划，以打击俄罗斯的陆地、海上和空中目标。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处


One person said that the White House had grown increasingly frustrated by brazen Ukrainian drone attacks that have struck oil refineries, terminals, depots and storage facilities across western Russia, hurting its oil production capacity.

一位知情人士透露，乌克兰无人机肆无忌惮地袭击了俄罗斯西部的炼油厂、码头、油库和储存设施，损害了俄罗斯的石油生产能力，但这让白宫越来越感到懊恼。

Russia remains one of the world’s most important energy exporters despite western sanctions on its oil and gas sector. Oil prices have risen about 15 per cent this year, to $85 a barrel, pushing up fuel costs just as US President Joe Biden begins his campaign for re-election.

尽管西方国家对俄罗斯的石油和天然气行业实施制裁，但俄罗斯仍然是世界上最重要的能源出口国之一。今年以来，油价上升至每桶85美元，涨幅约15%，就在美国总统乔-拜登开始竞选连任之际，原油价格上涨也推高了燃油成本。

Washington is also concerned that if Ukraine keeps hitting Russian facilities, including many that are hundreds of miles from the border, Russia could retaliate by lashing out at energy infrastructure relied on by the west.

华盛顿还担心，如果乌克兰继续对包括远至边境几百英里的俄罗斯设施的袭击，则俄罗斯可能会对西方依赖的能源基础设施进行报复。

This includes the C** pipeline carrying oil from Kazakhstan through Russia to the global market. Western companies including ExxonMobil and Chevron use the pipeline, which Moscow briefly shut in 2022.

这包括从哈萨克斯坦经俄罗斯向全球市场输送石油的C**输油管道。包括埃克森美孚和雪佛龙在内的西方公司使用的这条管道曾被莫斯科于2022年短暂关闭过。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处


“We do not encourage or enable attacks inside of Russia,” an NSC spokesperson said. The CIA declined to comment. In Kyiv, a spokesperson for the SBU declined to comment. Officials at GUR and Zelenskyy’s office did not respond to requests for comment.

国安会发言人说：“我们不鼓励或促成在俄罗斯境内的袭击。”中央情报局拒绝发表评论。在基辅，国家安全局发言人也拒绝发表评论。乌克兰军事情报局和泽连斯基办公室的官员没有回应置评请求。

Ukraine has stepped up its air attacks in recent weeks, as its drone programmes expand and the ground war shifts in Moscow’s favour. It also follows growing discontent in Kyiv over what is seen as the west’s ambivalent approach to curbing Moscow’s energy revenues.

因地面战争开始有利于莫斯科和乌克兰无人机空袭计划的扩大，乌克兰最近几周加强了空袭。在此之前，基辅国内对西方遏制莫斯科能源收入的矛盾态度日益不满。

There have been at least 12 attacks on major Russian refineries since 2022, and at least nine this year, along with several terminals, depots and storage facilities, according to a military intelligence official in Kyiv.

据基辅的一名军事情报官员称，自2022年以来，俄罗斯的主要炼油厂至少遭到了12次袭击，今年至少遭到了9次袭击，此外还有一些码头、仓库和储存设施也遭到了袭击。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处


Helima Croft, a former CIA analyst now at RBC Capital Markets, recently noted that Ukraine had shown it could strike most of the oil export infrastructure in western Russia, putting about 60 per cent of the country’s exports at risk.

现就职于加拿大皇家银行资本市场的前中央情报局分析师赫利玛-克罗夫特最近指出，乌克兰已表明它可以袭击俄罗斯西部的大部分石油出口相关的基础设施，从而使俄罗斯约60%的石油出口面临风险。

The US obxtions come as Biden faces a tough re-election battle this year with petrol prices on the rise, increasing almost 15 per cent this year to around $3.50 a gallon.

拜登今年正面临艰难的连任竞选，但汽油价格不断上涨，今年已上涨了近15%，达到每加仑3.50美元左右，在这种情况下，美国提出了反对意见。

“Nothing terrifies a sitting American president more than a surge in pump prices during an election year,” said Bob McNally, president of consultancy Rapidan Energy and a former White House energy adviser.

能源咨询公司Rapidan Energy总裁、前白宫能源顾问鲍勃-麦克纳利说：“没有什么比大选年的油价飙升更能让在任的美国总统感到恐惧了。”

Ukraine has steadily increased drone strikes as its technologies have advanced. Ukrainian officials claim to have developed drones with a range in excess of 1,000km and payloads capable of inflicting severe damage.

随着技术的进步，乌克兰稳步增加了无人机袭击的次数。乌克兰官员声称已研制出射程超过1000公里、其有效载荷可造成严重破坏的无人机。

Kyiv launched two of its largest and most widespread drone attacks last week, with operations by both the GUR and SBU successfully targeting seven Russian energy facilities in consecutive days.

上周，基辅发动了两次规模最大、范围最广的无人机袭击，乌克兰国家安全局和乌克兰军事情报局连续几天成功袭击了多达七处的俄罗斯能源设施。

Over the past year, GRU and SBU sea drones have also struck Russian ports, destroyed several Russian warships in the Black Sea and hit Moscow’s prized Crimea bridge connecting Russia to the occupied Ukrainian peninsula.

在过去一年里，乌克兰国家安全局和乌克兰军事情报局的海上无人机还袭击了俄罗斯港口，摧毁了黑海的几艘俄罗斯军舰，并击中了莫斯科珍贵的克里米亚大桥，该大桥连接了俄罗斯和被占领的乌克兰半岛。

The aim of the “special operations” is to hamper the supply of fuel to Russia’s troops and cut funding for the Kremlin’s war effort, according to one Ukrainian official involved in planning and conducting the attacks.

据一名参与策划和实施袭击的乌克兰官员称，“特别行动”的目的是阻碍俄罗斯军队的燃料供应，削减克里姆林宫的战争资金。

Kyiv also wants to deliver a symbolic blow by bringing the war closer to Moscow and showing its air defences — including those around the Kremlin — can be penetrated.

基辅还希望通过拉近战争与莫斯科的距离，显示其防空系统（包括克里姆林宫周围的防空系统）是可以被击穿的，从而给俄罗斯造成象征性的打击。

The air campaign is also seen by some officials as a means to spur Washington into approving the $60bn military assistance package held up in Congress that is critical for Ukraine’s defence.

一些官员认为，本次空袭也是刺激华盛顿批准国会搁置的600亿美元军事援助计划的一种手段，该计划对乌克兰的国防至关重要。