近1000万英国家庭生活在“寒冷、潮湿、保暖性差的房屋”中
Almost 10m UK households living in ‘cold, damp, poorly insulated homes’
译文简介
“我们的存量住房糟透了。不管你是自己的还是租的。”——《卫报》报道。
正文翻译
Almost 10m UK households living in ‘cold, damp, poorly insulated homes’
-Analysis also shows same number would probably not be able to afford cost of improved insulation
近1000万英国家庭生活在“寒冷、潮湿、保暖性差的房屋”中
——分析还显示，同样数量的人可能无法负担改善保温的费用
-Analysis also shows same number would probably not be able to afford cost of improved insulation
近1000万英国家庭生活在“寒冷、潮湿、保暖性差的房屋”中
——分析还显示，同样数量的人可能无法负担改善保温的费用
(The UK is among the countries with the oldest and least efficient housing stock in Europe.)
（英国是欧洲存量住房最老旧、能效最低的国家之一。）
新闻：
Almost 10m households across the UK are living in cold, damp and poorly insulated homes while not earning enough to be able to make improvements to them, according to analysis.
一项分析显示，英国近1000万户家庭居住在寒冷、潮湿、保暖性差的房子里，而他们的收入不足以改善这些房子。
一项分析显示，英国近1000万户家庭居住在寒冷、潮湿、保暖性差的房子里，而他们的收入不足以改善这些房子。
A total of 34% of UK households or 9.6m are living in cold, poorly insulated homes, according to analysis of the English Housing Survey by the Institute of Health Equity and Friends of the Earth.
根据健康公平研究所和地球之友对英国住房调查的分析，共有34%的英国家庭（960万）住在寒冷、保温效果差的房子里。
根据健康公平研究所和地球之友对英国住房调查的分析，共有34%的英国家庭（960万）住在寒冷、保温效果差的房子里。
These 9.6m households also have an income below the Joseph Rowntree Foundation’s minimum standard for a decent living, meaning it is unlikely they would be able to afford the costs of adding insulation to their homes.
这960万户家庭的收入也低于约瑟夫·朗特里基金会提出的体面生活的最低标准，这意味着他们不太可能负担得起为房屋增加保温层的费用。
这960万户家庭的收入也低于约瑟夫·朗特里基金会提出的体面生活的最低标准，这意味着他们不太可能负担得起为房屋增加保温层的费用。
The report defines poorly insulated homes as those with an Energy Performance Certificate (EPC) rating of below C, which are unlikely to have double-glazed windows, energy-efficient lighting, draught proof doors and windows, or an efficient heating system.
该报告将保温效果差的房屋定义为能源性能证书等级低于C级的房屋——这些房屋不太可能有双层玻璃窗、节能照明、防风门窗或高效供暖系统。
该报告将保温效果差的房屋定义为能源性能证书等级低于C级的房屋——这些房屋不太可能有双层玻璃窗、节能照明、防风门窗或高效供暖系统。
According to the JRF, a couple with two children would need to earn £50,000 between them to meet the minimum income standard.
根据基金会的标准，一对有两个孩子的夫妇需要挣到5万英镑才能达到最低收入标准。
根据基金会的标准，一对有两个孩子的夫妇需要挣到5万英镑才能达到最低收入标准。
The report comes after Labour scaled back its pledge to spend £28bn a year on environmental schemes as part of its “green prosperity plan”, reducing the amount to just £4.7bn a year.
在这份报告发布之前，工党缩减了其承诺的每年在环境计划上支出280亿英镑（作为其“绿色繁荣计划”的一部分）的规模，将其减少到每年仅47亿英镑。
在这份报告发布之前，工党缩减了其承诺的每年在环境计划上支出280亿英镑（作为其“绿色繁荣计划”的一部分）的规模，将其减少到每年仅47亿英镑。
This reduction would significantly affect funding for Labour’s home insulation scheme, which is the largest single ticket item of the green plan. Labour had previously promised to spend up to £6bn a year insulating 19m homes over a decade.
这一削减将显著影响工党家庭保温计划的资金，该计划是绿色计划中最大的单项项目。工党此前曾承诺，在未来10年里，每年将花费60亿英镑为1900万户家庭保温。
这一削减将显著影响工党家庭保温计划的资金，该计划是绿色计划中最大的单项项目。工党此前曾承诺，在未来10年里，每年将花费60亿英镑为1900万户家庭保温。
The UK is among the countries with the oldest and least efficient housing stock in Europe.
英国是欧洲存量住房最老旧、能效最低的国家之一。
英国是欧洲存量住房最老旧、能效最低的国家之一。
The report also highlights the effects of cold homes on the health of the UK population. Health experts have previously warned that cold homes could damage children’s lungs and brain development, while doubling the risk of adults developing new mental health conditions.
该报告还强调了寒冷的家对英国人健康的影响。健康专家此前曾警告说，寒冷的家可能会损害儿童的肺部和大脑发育，同时使成年人出现新的精神健康问题的风险增加一倍。
该报告还强调了寒冷的家对英国人健康的影响。健康专家此前曾警告说，寒冷的家可能会损害儿童的肺部和大脑发育，同时使成年人出现新的精神健康问题的风险增加一倍。
One of the recommendations of the report is for the government to commit £74.5bn across the UK to a 10-year retrofit programme targeted at those on low incomes in energy-inefficient housing.
该报告的一项建议是，政府承诺在全英国投入745亿英镑，用于一项为期10年的改造计划，改造对象是居住在能效低下的住房中的低收入者。
该报告的一项建议是，政府承诺在全英国投入745亿英镑，用于一项为期10年的改造计划，改造对象是居住在能效低下的住房中的低收入者。
Sir Michael Marmot, the director of the UCL Institute of Health Equity, said that the steep number of people living in cold homes was a “national disgrace”.
伦敦大学学院健康公平研究所主任迈克尔·马莫特爵士说，住在寒冷房子里的人数如此之多是“国家的耻辱”。
伦敦大学学院健康公平研究所主任迈克尔·马莫特爵士说，住在寒冷房子里的人数如此之多是“国家的耻辱”。
Marmot said: “Cold homes are a public health hazard: those living in them have much higher risk of developing poor physical and mental health and this is adding burden on to an already overstretched NHS, and contributing to poor productivity.
马莫特说：“寒冷的房子是一种公共健康危害：那些住在寒冷的房子里的人身体和精神健康状况不佳的风险要高得多，这给已经不堪重负的国家医疗体系增加了负担，并导致生产力低下。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
马莫特说：“寒冷的房子是一种公共健康危害：那些住在寒冷的房子里的人身体和精神健康状况不佳的风险要高得多，这给已经不堪重负的国家医疗体系增加了负担，并导致生产力低下。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
“We need urgent action to address poverty, the cost of fuel and to insulate the homes of the poorest, not just because the government has a moral duty to look after the health of its population, but also, frankly, because it makes economic sense too.”
“我们需要采取紧急行动来解决贫困问题，降低燃料成本，并为最贫困人口的住房提供保温，这不仅是因为政府在道义上有责任照顾其人口的健康，而且坦率地说，这也有经济意义。”
“我们需要采取紧急行动来解决贫困问题，降低燃料成本，并为最贫困人口的住房提供保温，这不仅是因为政府在道义上有责任照顾其人口的健康，而且坦率地说，这也有经济意义。”
Mike Childs, the head of science, research and policy at Friends of the Earth, said: “There’s no getting away from the enormity of the cold homes crisis and the impact it’s having on millions of lives. This hard-hitting report should spur all political parties into action as we head towards the general election – both the Conservatives and Labour have gone backwards over recent months on this critical issue.
“地球之友”的科学、研究和政策主管迈克·蔡尔兹说：“寒冷房屋危机的严重性及其对数百万人生活的影响是无法逃避的。随着大选的临近，这份措辞强硬的报告应该会刺激所有政党采取行动——近几个月来，保守党和工党在这个关键问题上都出现了倒退。
“地球之友”的科学、研究和政策主管迈克·蔡尔兹说：“寒冷房屋危机的严重性及其对数百万人生活的影响是无法逃避的。随着大选的临近，这份措辞强硬的报告应该会刺激所有政党采取行动——近几个月来，保守党和工党在这个关键问题上都出现了倒退。
“Given the sheer scale of the problem, we need to see transformative levels of investment and action, to stem the huge social and economic costs of cold homes and ensure our internationally agreed climate targets are met.”
“考虑到问题的规模，我们需要看到变革水平的投资和行动，以遏制寒冷房屋带来的巨大社会和经济成本，并确保实现国际商定的气候目标。”
“考虑到问题的规模，我们需要看到变革水平的投资和行动，以遏制寒冷房屋带来的巨大社会和经济成本，并确保实现国际商定的气候目标。”
A government spokesperson said the figures did not take into account “homes which have some, but not all, of the insulation measures.”
一位政府发言人说，这些数字没有考虑到“有一些但不是全部保温措施的家庭”。
一位政府发言人说，这些数字没有考虑到“有一些但不是全部保温措施的家庭”。
They added: “Everyone has the right to a warm, secure and decent home – almost half of all homes in England now have an EPC rating of C or above, up from just 14% in 2010.
他们补充说：“每个人都有权利拥有一个温暖、安全和体面的家——现在英格兰几乎一半的家庭的能源性能评级为C级或以上，而2010年只有14%。
他们补充说：“每个人都有权利拥有一个温暖、安全和体面的家——现在英格兰几乎一半的家庭的能源性能评级为C级或以上，而2010年只有14%。
“We will continue to build on this success and have invested further funding to upgrade more than 300,000 of Britian’s least energy efficient homes.”
“我们将在这一成功的基础上继续努力，并投入更多资金升级英国30多万套能效最低的房屋。”
“我们将在这一成功的基础上继续努力，并投入更多资金升级英国30多万套能效最低的房屋。”
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So UK population @ 67 million.
Proportion of UK population that are working class ~49%.
Roughly 10 million living in unsuitable conditions, almost certainly all going to be working class.
Roughly 1 in 3.5 working class people living in unsuitable conditions.
Gotta rule out the middle and upper classes who have the wealth to purchase their own home and maintain it how they please.
Although there will be a segment of middle class households who earn enough to own their home but not enough to maintain their property adequately. A small percentage I'm sure as mortgages cost less than rent.
所以英国人口是6700万。
工人阶级占英国人口的比例约49%。
大约有1000万人生活在不适宜的环境中，几乎可以肯定他们都是工人阶级。
大约每3.5个工人阶级中就有1人生活在不适宜的环境中。
必须排除中产阶级和上层阶级，他们有足够的财富购买自己的房子，并按照自己的意愿维护它。
虽然会有一部分中产阶级家庭，他们的收入足以拥有自己的房子但不足以充分维护他们的房子。我敢肯定比例很小，因为抵押贷款比租金还低。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
It’s 10m households, not 10m people. It’s such a huge number that it goes so far beyond the working class.
Our housing stock is dreadful. That applies whether you own it or rent it.
My house has an EPC rating of G. It will cost a fortune to bring it up to a decent standard.
是1000万户家庭，而不是1000万人口。这是一个巨大的数字，远远超出了工人阶级范围。
我们的存量住房糟透了。不管你是自己的还是租的。
我的房子的能源性能等级是G，要把它提高到一个像样的标准要花一大笔钱。
I believe that 49% number comes from the percentage of people who consider themselves working class, not those who are working class in reality - nearly half of people who hold managerial and 'professional' roles identify as working class.
The working class in reality has been shrinking for decades, half of the country isn't working class.
我相信49%的数字来自于“认为自己是工人阶级的人”的比例，而不是那些在现实中真是工人阶级的人——近一半担任管理和“专业”角色的人也认为自己是工人阶级。
实际上，工人阶级几十年来一直在萎缩，这个国家有一半的人都不是工人阶级。
It depends what definition of class we’re judging it by.
In many contexts, working class is just that - working. People who have to sell their time - their labour - to earn a living, who would not manage to exist without doing so, are the working class. That’s even the case if the work they’re doing is white collar, as opposed to blue collar.
Whereas the middle class earn their living from ownership of property - owning a business, owning land, owning housing, owning stocks and shares, and do not have to sell their time to someone else in order to live.
The lines are of course blurred in the modern era, especially by ‘working class’ having come to denote relative poverty in common usage, and ‘middle class’ being commonly used to refer to - as you say - working professionals, those who earn a comfortable living, own a detached house and a golden retriever.
这取决于我们对阶级的定义。
在许多情况下，工人阶级就是——工作的阶级。那些不得不出售自己的时间——他们的劳动——来谋生的人，如果不这样做就无法生存，他们就是工人阶级。即使他们所从事的工作是白领，而不是蓝领，也算。
而中产阶级则靠拥有财产为生——拥有企业、土地、住房、股票和股份，他们不需要为了生存而把时间出售给别人。
当然，在现代社会，这两者之间的界限变得模糊了，尤其是“工人阶级”在常用用法中表示相对贫困，而“中产阶级”通常用来指——正如你所说——工作的专业人士，那些生活舒适、拥有独立住宅和一条大金毛的人。
Is anyone going to mention that EPC calculation methods changed last year so it’s inevitable that more houses will drop below C. That doesn’t automatically mean they’re now cold.
Properties heated by electricity can expect to achieve an improved EPC rating, whilst gas-heated properties can expect to remain the same or even see a small deterioration.
As majority of uk is gas, more will now get a lower rating this year as opposed to this time last.
有人会提到能源性能等级的计算方法在去年改变了，所以更多的房子将不可避免地降到C级以下吗。这并不意味着它们现在很冷。
（按新的算法）电力加热的性能可以达到一个改进的能源性能等级，而燃气加热的性能可以保持不变，甚至可以看到轻微的降级。
由于英国大部分住房都是燃气加热，所以今年将有更多住房的评级低于去年同期。
Yeah, though it's going to get worse. They're consulting on the new style of measurement at the moment. The newer standard is way more focused on the carbon emissions instead of thermal comfort. One way to push people into choosing expensive heat pumps over gas boilers I guess.
是的，不过情况会越来越糟。他们目前正在就新的计算方法进行咨询。新标准更关注碳排放，而不是热舒适。我想这是促使人们选择昂贵的热泵而不是燃气锅炉的一种方法。
I live in an old Edwardian property that was designated EPC E in 2013. We still went ahead and purchased. It is very cold and draughty (as intended). The room sizes and garden are truly enormous for a £200k purchase back then. Yes, it did need a roof repair costing £20k. Do I regret it, absolutely not.
Insofar that the push for energy efficient homes have somewhat demonised period properties as 'not fit for purpose', the value of my period house today is 3x in ten years. That's despite NOT doing anything about the EPC.
我住在一个爱德华时代的老房子里，2013年被评定为能源性能E级。我们仍然购买了它。天气寒冷又多风。对于当时20万英镑的价格来说，房间和花园确实很大。是的，它确实需要花2万英镑修理屋顶。我会后悔吗，绝对不会。
到目前为止，对节能住宅的推动在某种程度上把历史房产妖魔化为“不适合用途”，我今天的历史房产的价值在十年后翻了三倍。尽管没有对能源性能评级采取任何措施。
The last landlord we had. I worked from home. There was a problem with the water. The roof was leaking where we were sleeping and where I was working. We had to move a lot of valuable stuff downstairs in the lounge. It's a small house so it ended up looking like a warehouse.
1、I don't know how they were fixing the leaking roof but they decided to fit in a new boiler because the law told them too at the same time.
2、Fitting this new boiler meant running a copper gas pipe that went through literally every room in the house. A completely exposed pipe. In one of the rooms it wasn't even flush in the corner and it was also dented and bent.
3、Landlord complained about how much stuff we had. YEAH. We have a lot of stuff because we had to move it all downstairs. I'm also looking at moving out of your house but I have to find a place first dumbass.
4、We couldn't actually stay in the house (No heating and no where to sleep) so we had to stay in a travel lodge. They refused to pay for it stating "You could have stayed in the house. You didn't need to leave". Whilst there was no gas and there was no water and there was no heating...during WINTER. And the whole reason this problem happened was because it was a really bad cold winter. The second night we stayed at the hotel it was like a damn blizzard.
5、One of the ongoing problems is a wall in the house had damp. For the whole 8 years we lived there. I got electrically shocked because I used one of the plugs on that wall not realising there was a fault. We stopped using that socket afterwards but this was never addressed even though we brought it up.
6、The person she hired to "fix" things was a fitter. Clearly not good at their job. The shower didn't work. It broke. They fitted a new cheap one. The fuse broke within days. They fitted another. Fuse break within days. They fitted another. Fuse broke within a few days. Fourth time was the charm though.
When we moved out. The landlord cried because of the state of the house. We didn't cause damp to the wall. Nor did we fit in those ugly copper gas pipes. You got £38,000 in rent from us. Because all you did was inherit the house from your Mother. In those 8 years you fitted a new boiler becuase you were told to by law. And a new shower multiple times because you hire dodgy Barry. Use that £38,000 to sort the house out maybe or quit complaining. You were given far more than you deserve for zero effort.
说说我们上一个房东。我在家工作。有水的问题。我们睡觉的地方和我工作的地方房顶都漏水了。我们不得不把很多值钱的东西搬到楼下休息室。那是一栋小房子，所以最后搞得看起来像个仓库。
1、我不知道他们是如何修理漏水的屋顶的，但他们决定安装一个新锅炉，因为相关法律也在同一时间告诉了他们要安这玩意。
2、安装这个新锅炉意味着安装一条铜质煤气管道，这条管道几乎贯穿了房子里的每个房间。完全暴露的管道。在其中一个房间里，它的拐角甚至都不平整，而且还凹陷和弯曲。
3、房东抱怨我们的东西太多了。是的。我们有很多东西，因为我们不得不把它们都搬到楼下。我也在考虑搬出你的房子但我得先找个地方住，SB。
4、我们实际上不能住在那个房子里（没有暖气，也没有地方睡觉），所以我们不得不住在一个小旅店。他们拒绝为此付钱，说：“你们本来可以住在房子里的。你们不需要离开。”没有煤气，没有水，没有暖气……在冬天。这个问题发生的全部原因是那是一个非常寒冷的冬天。我们住在旅店的第二天晚上就下起了一场该死的暴风雪。
5、一直存在的问题之一是房子的墙受潮了。我们在那里住了整整8年。我被电击了，因为我使用了墙上的一个插座，却没有意识到有故障。之后我们停止使用该插座，但即使我们提出了这个问题，也从未得到过解决。
6、她雇来“修理”东西的人是个钳工。显然不擅长他们的工作。淋浴器用不了。坏了。他们装了一个新的便宜的。保险丝几天之内就断了。他们又装了一个。保险丝在几天内断了。他们又装了一个。保险丝几天内就断了。不过第四次是幸运的。
我们搬出去的时候。房东因房子的状况大喊大闹。墙壁受潮不是我们造成的。我们也装不进那些丑陋的铜制煤气管道。你从我们这里得到了三万八千英镑的租金。因为你只是从你母亲那里继承了这个房子。在那8年里，你安装了一个新锅炉，是因为法律要求你这么做。而且是因为你自己找了个奸商，所以才换了好几次新淋浴器。用那三万八千英镑把房子收拾一下吧，要么别抱怨。你得到的远比你应得的多。
recently I contacted my energy company for a insulation in the loft to be installed since my parents house dont have any and my dad has lost his job so we knew he can get this through grant system. over month and half now, not a single word from Octopus energy, If i miss a payment they will send letters, email and sms. Not surprised that grant system is utter jokes. In the end i just paid for it since i could not wait around for years for it. I feel sorry for those who cannot afford this like few of us can, grant system is just crap.
最近，我联系了我的能源公司，要求在阁楼上安装保温材料，因为我父母的房子没有保温材料，我爸爸也失业了，所以我们知道他可以通过拨款制度来安装它。一个半月过去了，章鱼能源公司没有任何消息，如果我少付了一笔付款，他们会给我写信、发电子邮件和短信。拨款制度完全就是笑话，这一点也不奇怪。最后我自己付了钱，因为我等不了这么长时间。我为那些负担不起的人感到难过，我们中很少有人能负担得起，拨款制度就是垃圾。
Living in a house that suffers with damp and mould, the walls we have are solid, there's no place in them for insulation, and externally insulating them is expensive. Britain's old Victorian housing stock is rapidly becoming not fit for purpose and the amount of money it'll take to make them fit is not something people can afford.
我们住在潮湿发霉的房子里，我们的墙是实心的，里面没有保温的地方，而且安装外部保温是昂贵的。英国维多利亚时代的老房子正迅速变得不适合使用，而改造它们所需的资金也不是人们能负担得起的。
Don't worry my local council has found a way to fix these big issues.
They're going to raise council tax again and build more cycle paths problem solved.
别担心，我们地方议会已经找到了解决这些大问题的办法。
他们将再次提高市政税，修建更多的自行车道，然后问题解决了。