中国在AI上下大赌注，美国会输掉AI竞赛吗？
China's Betting Big On Artificial Intelligence. Could The US Lose The AI Race? | Insight
译文简介
中国希望能在2030年成为人工智能领域的全球领导者。科技巨头百度最近发布Ernie Bot（文心一言）与备受追捧的 ChatGPT相竞争。在中国，人工智能正寻求在健康保健、教育和娱乐领域的应用。麦肯锡公司预计，人工智能将会在这个十年末给中国经济增加6000亿。
正文翻译
每人一小段，翻译我也行！
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China wants to be a global leader in Artificial Intelligence by 2030. Tech giant Baidu recently released Ernie Bot to rival the much-vaunted ChatGPT. In China, A.I. is finding applications in healthcare, education, and entertainment. McKinsey estimates that A.I. could add 600 billion to China's economy by the end of the decade.
Yet, suspicions over date handling and privacy could limit Chinese A.I. beyond the country’s borders. The ongoing trade war over microchips also puts a hardware hurdle in its path. Can Beijing truly realise its A.I. ambitions?
中国希望能在2030年成为人工智能领域的全球领导者。科技巨头百度最近发布Ernie Bot（文心一言）与备受追捧的 ChatGPT相竞争。在中国，人工智能正寻求在健康保健、教育和娱乐领域的应用。麦肯锡公司预计，人工智能将会在这个十年末给中国经济增加6000亿。
然而，对数据处理和隐私的怀疑会使境外中国人工智能的发展受到限制。持续存在的微芯片贸易战也给其成功的道路上设置了硬件障碍。北京真的能实现其在人工智能领域的雄心吗？
每日新素材，等你来认领！ https://www.ltaaa.cn/translation
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原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
China wants to be a global leader in Artificial Intelligence by 2030. Tech giant Baidu recently released Ernie Bot to rival the much-vaunted ChatGPT. In China, A.I. is finding applications in healthcare, education, and entertainment. McKinsey estimates that A.I. could add 600 billion to China's economy by the end of the decade.
Yet, suspicions over date handling and privacy could limit Chinese A.I. beyond the country’s borders. The ongoing trade war over microchips also puts a hardware hurdle in its path. Can Beijing truly realise its A.I. ambitions?
中国希望能在2030年成为人工智能领域的全球领导者。科技巨头百度最近发布Ernie Bot（文心一言）与备受追捧的 ChatGPT相竞争。在中国，人工智能正寻求在健康保健、教育和娱乐领域的应用。麦肯锡公司预计，人工智能将会在这个十年末给中国经济增加6000亿。
然而，对数据处理和隐私的怀疑会使境外中国人工智能的发展受到限制。持续存在的微芯片贸易战也给其成功的道路上设置了硬件障碍。北京真的能实现其在人工智能领域的雄心吗？
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I am not surprised if China has already developed even more advanced technologies that we don't know anything about.
如果中国已经开发出我们一无所知的更先进的科技，我不会对此感到惊讶。
Thanks for an unbiased report on China's technology
感谢这一份没有偏见的（关于）中国的科技报告。
China isn't just building AI, but robots too. Fourier gr1 comes to mind. These robots will help take care of the elderly and do any job that needs filling.
中国不仅仅构建人工智能，也（制造）机器人。脑海中浮现了傅里叶GR-1（机器人）。这些机器人可以帮助照顾老年人并且做任何需要补充的工作。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
A big leap forward in terms of efficiency:
This is what prompted the Chinese scientists to develop ACCEL. ACCEL is fast and capable of performing 4.6 quadrillion operations per second, in comparison to NVIDIA's A100, which delivers 0.312 quadrillion operations per second of deep learning performance. (2 Nov 2023).
一次在效率方面的巨大飞越：
这就是促使中国科学家开发出ACCEL（国际首个全模拟光电智能计算芯片）的原因。ACCEL有能力迅速进行每秒4.6万亿次运算，相较英伟达的A100提供每秒0.312万亿次的运算而言，（ACCEL）有着更好的深度学习表现。
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It was cheaper for China to buy reliable Western chips, benefiting both sides. China spends more on chip imports than on oil. The "Made in China 2025" initiative provided substantial funds for chip development, but companies were hesitant due to technical challenges and the risk of competing with established players like Intel, Samsung, and TSMC. The US sanctions forced the Chinese to develop their own supply chain. When self-sufficient, China can provide the world with cheaper chips, while the West and its allies lose access to both the Chinese and global markets.
The US is developing its own supply chain, but without access to a large market, it cannot be competitive.
The US is leaving no knees untouched in its Tonya Harding competition strategy.
The Chinese are very grateful to the US for pushing them towards self-sufficiency. Thanks to the US, China now has its own GPS system and space program.
中国购买可靠的西方芯片更加便宜，对双方都是有利的。比起原油，中国花费更多在进口芯片上。“中国智造2025”倡议计划提供大量资金用于芯片开发，但是由于技术挑战和与像英特、三星和台积电等老牌企业的竞争存在风险，各公司都犹豫了。美国的制裁迫使中国发展自己的供应链。当自给自足时，中国可以提供更便宜的芯片给全世界，西方及其盟友会同时失去进入中国和全球市场的机会。
美国正在发展自己的供应链，但是如果没有进入大市场的机会，它将不可能有竞争力。
美国在其Tonya Harding（托尼亚哈丁，美国花滑运动员，1994年冬季奥运前夕为获得冠军唆使前夫攻击另一位选手膝盖，导致对手负伤退赛，后被判刑终身禁赛。此处指用卑劣手段而不是正当竞争打击对手。）竞争战略中毫不动摇。
中国人非常感谢美国推动了他们的自给自足。多亏了美国，中国现在有了自己的卫星定位系统和太空项目。
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Talking about censorship, few months ago I asked ChatGpt about US war crimes in the past 20th century. At first, ChatGpt gave me answer about how it was complicated yada yada yada and how it was subjective. When I kept pushing for answer whether the US has committed war crimes, ChatGpt gave me two answers, one answer is that it acknowledged that some people may think the US has committed a war crime, while the other one I forgot already, but I remember none of them really answered my question, and asked me to choose the one I like, LM.
谈及审查制度，几个月前我向ChatGpt询问关于美国在20世纪的战争罪行。一开始ChatGpt给了我一个这是复杂的主观的诸如此类的答案。当我进一步询问美国是否有犯下战争罪时，ChatGpt给了我两个答案，一个答案是承认一些人可能觉得美国犯下了战争罪，另一个答案我忘记了，但是我记得他们都没有真正回答我的问题，并让我自己选择一个我喜欢的答案。太好笑了。
Realistically, it is like the Pepsi vs Coke war.
Both will win.
Everyone else will be shut out.
Mankind and the world will win as a whole.
I see businesses will be very dynamic and there will be tremendous changes in the technological space.
现实来说，这就像是百事可乐和可口可乐的战争。
他们俩都将胜利。
其他的公司都将被拒之门外。
人类和整个世界将会共赢。
我认为商业将会非常有活力并且技术领域将会有巨大的变化。
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The world should use AI to focus on education. Only education can improve the quality of life.
世界需要使用人工智能来聚焦于教育。只有教育可以改善生活质量。
Silicon valley has a huge community of highly talented and passionate individuals that cannot be easily replicated in other places. I can sense the excitement among the community that is willing to both compete and colloborate together. Back in the earlier days when China is more opened, I think China technologists were far more vibrant and unrestrained. Note that the chief economist also mentioned the importance of Chinese tech talent in US returning to China to bring back the knowledge acquired. Today, the mood is clearly muted, restrained by rules and uncertainty. The strategy that China uses is based on nationalistic goal and compliance while Silicon Valley is largely driven by capitalism and open society.
I have listened to a number of talks and interviews by top AI technologists that are at the forefront of AI venture. It becomes apparent to me why the breakthroughs are happening at Silicon Valley.
硅谷拥有的高天赋和激情的人才（组成）的庞大的社区是其他地方难以复制的。我感到兴奋的是在社区中彼此既愿意竞争又愿意合作。回顾中国更开放的早期，我认为中国技术者更加充满活力和无拘无束。值得注意的是首席经济学家也提到了中国科技人才从美国带着知识回到中国的重要性。今天，（人们的）情绪明显是平静的，受到规则的束缚以及存在不确定性。中国使用的战略是基于民族主义目标以及服从，而硅谷很大程度上是靠资本主义和开放社会驱动的。
我有听过人工智能领域的顶尖人工智能技术者的众多谈话和采访。这（访谈）让我变得清楚为什么这些重大突破会在硅谷发生。
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They can give access to government data to approved companies, thereby controlling access but allowing innovation.
他们可以让经过认证的公司访问政府数据，从而既能控制又允许创新。
As a Singaporean
I have a lot of respect for China.
From a poor nation to becoming an advanced nation is truly amazing.
作为一个新加坡人，我对中国非常尊敬。
从一个贫穷的国家发展成为一个先进国家真是令人惊叹。
I wish this video described better what the supposed difficulty is in using Chinese data sets.
To me, data is universal like numbers. In some cases, the data might need to be translated from one language to another, but otherwise, I can't think of a single type of data that is specific to one language and not another. To say that data is different in different cultures is to say that the human experience is not universal, that somehow life is fundamentally different in different parts of the world, and that the process of human thinking is not universally the same everywhere.
我希望这个视频能更好地描述使用中国数据集合所面临的困难是什么。
对我来说，数据就像数字一样是普遍适用的。在某些情况下，数据可能需要从一种语言翻译成另一种语言，但除此之外，我想不到任何一种数据是特定于一种语言而不是另一种语言的。说数据在不同文化中是不同的，就是在说人类的经历不是普遍适用的，某种意义上说生活在世界不同地区的人们的生活基本上是不同的，人类思维的过程在全世界范围内并不是普遍相同的。
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Countries that lead the world in 44 critical technology sectors:
1. China = 37
2. USA = 7
3. UK = 0
4. Germany = 0
5. Japan = 0
*In fields like defence, space, robotics, energy, the environment, biotechnology, artificial intelligence (AI), advanced materials, and key quantum technology areas
Source: Australian Strategic Policy Institute (ASPI)
**India leads the world in the field of cow husbandry, which is neither a technology nor critical
在44个关键技术领域领先世界的国家：
1. 中国 = 37
2. 美国 = 7
3. 英国 = 0
4. 德国 = 0
5. 日本 = 0
*在例如国防、空间、机器人、能源、环境、生物技术、人工智能（AI）、先进材料和关键量子技术等领域
来源：澳大利亚战略政策研究所（ASPI）
**印度在牛畜牧领域领先世界，这既不是一项技术，也不是关键领域
China's aim is to promote robots to every civilian family to reduce the living burden of civilians. There is a lot of wealth that can be created by machines, and the cost of living will drop, so that the country has a lot of wealth that can help more civilians. China invested a lot in infrastructure before, but now the infrastructure is perfect, and then the Belt and Road Initiative will give welfare to the domestic people.
中国的目标是将机器人推广到每个普通家庭，以减轻百姓的生活负担。机器可以创造很多财富，生活成本将降低，这样国家就有很多财富可以帮助更多平民。中国之前在基础设施上投资了很多，但现在基础设施已经完善，然后“一带一路”倡议将给国内民众带来福利。
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Smart educated people will understand that the perception of your data being used or taken are not just done by China. But by every country. All the same.
Hello from Indonesia
受过良好教育的聪明人会明白，不是只有中国在使用或占有你的数据，在任何一个国家都有。所有都一样。
Excellent video, I understand more about China advanced technology and other challenges like declining population, low birth rate, ageing society.
非常棒的视频，我对中国先进科技和其他像人口下降，低出生率、老龄化社会的挑战有了更深的了解。
It’s much more dangerous to let Americans collect the personal info.
而更危险的是让美国人搜集个人信息。
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china is catching up way faster!!!
中国正以更快的速度迎头赶上！！！
I like that China does not see AI as a threat but rather as an enabler. Western countries and their over-regulation based on unfounded fear will lead them to fall behind China in AI development.
我欣喜于中国不把人工智能视为一种威胁，而是（将其）视为助力。西方国家和他们基于（对人工智能）毫无依据的恐惧而过度监管将会让他们落后于中国人工智能领域的发展。
The US invests $500B on technology R&D while China invests $300B. But based on purchasing power parity, the China's $300B is worth $0.9-1.5T in the US. And China can often deliver and perform in a lot less than half the time. This is the same on defence. To match China's defence, the US will have to have a defence budget of $1.2-2.0T. To win, the US will have to join force with China. And the sooner the better for the US. Or Russia may veto the US.
美国投资5000亿美元在科技研发时，中国投资了3000亿美元,。但是基于购买力平价计算，中国的3000亿美元在美国的价值相当于0.9-1.5万亿美元。并且在中国常常只需要不到一半的时间就能执行并交付。防御上也是如此。为了和中国国防相匹敌，美国的国防预算必须达到1.2-2万亿。要想获得成功，美国必须与中国联手。而且速度越快对美国越好。否则俄罗斯将会否决美国。
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原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
China does graduate 1 million more STEM students than the USA each year. Not necessarily in AI, but it is a good measure.
Asian countries regularly take top 20% of science and mathematics competitions.
中国每年毕业的STEM（科学、技术、工程、数学类专业）学生比美国多100万。（这些学生）不一定是（服务于）人工智能领域，但是这是一个很好的衡量标准。
亚洲国家常常在科学和数学竞赛中排名前20%。
Unfortunately, Google just launched a competitive artificial general intelligence (AGI) against OpenAI. Both companies are American, leaving China lacking in both the technology and the necessary GPUs.
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不幸的是，谷歌刚刚发起富有竞争力的AGI来对抗 OpenAI公司。两个公司都是美国公司，让中国缺乏了技术和必要的GPU。
US will only weaponize AI. So depends on what is winning. China will move ahead to US In commercial application with or without western chips.
美国只会让人工智能武器化。所以取决于什么是成功。中国商业应用将会领先于美国，不管是否使用西方芯片。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
For security concerns,China's products are far more trustworthy than USA's products.
May I ask : those proven telecommunication tappings like that of previous German Chancellor,who did that ?
在安全问题方面，中国的产品远比美国的产品更值得信赖。
我想问：那些类似于德国前总理那样被证实的电信窃听事件是谁干的?
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strangely China didn't panic when it was banned regarding chips... China responded only with "rare earth"... all countries panicked...
奇怪的是当中国被禁止使用芯片时它并没有感到恐慌...中国仅以稀土作出回应...所有的国家都恐慌了...
In the future, the world will be separated into two groups: G7+ and Global South. Each has its own supply chain, own standards, etc.
在未来，世界将会被分为两个团体：七国集团+全球南方。每一方都有他们自己的供应链、自己的标准等等。
Building society, not starting wars.
建设社会，而不是开启战争。
for the humanity sake China needs to overcome all the US obstacles and create a multi polar world. No country can decide how others needs to be, atm US wants everyone to be like them, that is unfair and undemocratic. Cheers from UK!
为了人类的利益，中国需要克服所有的美国障碍，并且创造一个多极化世界。没有国家可以决定其他国家的需要，美国希望其他国家像他们一样，这是不公平和不民主的。来自英国的欢呼！
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What if some ill intentioned persons stand on the way of a driverless car. The car will certainly stop close to them. This will be problematic in US. Driverless cars are not safe.
如果一些恶意的人站在无人驾驶汽车的路前（挡路）怎么办。（无人驾驶）汽车肯定会停在离他们很近的地方。这在美国将会出现问题。无人驾驶汽车并不是安全的。
Science and Civilisation in China (1954–present) is an ongoing series of books about the history of science and technology in China published by Cambridge University Press. It was initiated and edited by British historian Joseph Needham (1900–1995).
《中国科学技术史》（1954-至今）是剑桥大学出版社出版的关于中国科学技术历史的系列丛书。这是由英国历史学家李约瑟（1900-1995）开启并编辑的。
China will never beat the Americans because they are like kindergarden children when it comes to the art of spin. The Americans are masters of self -praise and spin and in this modern world where perception is more important than honest reality, the masters of spin always win.
中国永远不会打败美国，因为在政治公关艺术方面，他们就像幼儿园孩子一样。美国人是自我夸赞和政治公关的大师，在这个现代世界感知是比真实存在更重要的，政治公关大师总是会胜利。