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Aya Shawn
Living in Singapore, professional investorWed
The questioner apparently confused "technical issues" and "engineering issues"
An advanced semiconductor (CPU), which is a specific technology
A moon landing spacecraft or space rocket is a large-scale project
There is a wrong view here: if a certain technology is not advanced enough, a certain project will definitely not be realized. This is wrong.

提问者显然混淆了“技术问题”和“工程问题”
先进的半导体（CPU），这是一种特定的技术
登月航天器或太空火箭是一项大型项目
这里有一个错误的观点：如果某个技术不够先进，某个项目就一定无法实现。这是错误的。

The role of most advanced technologies is to reduce the cost and difficulty of the project and improve the reliability of the project, rather than being the key to determining whether the project can be successful.
The computer used for the Apollo moon landings had less computing power than an Apple watch today, but they still successfully landed on the moon.
When a technology is not advanced enough, engineers will change the design to achieve similar effects through other methods. The project may become more expensive, cumbersome, or less reliable, but still achieve the ultimate goal.

最先进技术的作用是降低项目的成本和难度，提高项目的可靠性，而不是决定项目能否成功的关键。
阿波罗登月所用的计算机的计算能力还不如今天的苹果手表，但他们仍然成功登陆月球。
当一项技术不够先进时，工程师会改变设计，通过其他方法达到类似的效果。该项目可能会变得更昂贵、更麻烦或更不可靠，但仍能实现最终目标。

There is a famous scientist in China, Mr. Qian Xuesen. He has a professional book "Engineering Cybernetics", which explains this philosophy: technology is a component for realizing engineering. When we lack a component, we should consider changing to another implementation path. When one of our parts is not reliable enough, the engineering should be made reliable through better design.

中国有一位著名的科学家，钱学森先生。他有一本专业著作《工程控制论》，书中解释了这样一个理念：技术是实现工程的组成部分。当我们缺少一个组件时，我们应该考虑改变到另一个实现路径。当我们的某个部件不够可靠时，应该通过更好的设计来使工程变得可靠。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处


When humans did not have cranes, they built the pyramids and the Great Wall
Before humans had integrated circuits, they had already landed on the moon.
Before humans launched the global satellite positioning system, missiles could already hit targets accurately.
Before humans invented the steam engine, they had already sailed around the world
Before humans invented gunpowder, they could already launch large-scale wars

当人类没有起重机时，他们建造了金字塔和长城
在人类拥有集成电路之前，他们就已经登上了月球。
在人类推出全球卫星定位系统之前，导弹就已经可以准确命中目标。
人类在发明蒸汽机之前，就已经环球航行了
在人类发明火药之前，就已经可以发动大规模战争

So, back to the original question
If Russia does not have advanced semiconductors, can it not manufacture effective weapons and spacecraft?
Of course not. The deficiencies in one technical field cannot cover up Russia's strength in other technical fields. The results of a project are often not determined by the level of a single technology.
The lack of a few technologies may result in higher costs, slower speeds, lower output, poorer reliability, and worse volume and weight performance, but in the end, Russia's goals will still be achieved.

那么，回到原来的问题
俄罗斯如果没有先进的半导体，难道就不能制造有效的武器和航天器吗？
当然不是。某一技术领域的不足并不能掩盖俄罗斯在其他技术领域的实力。一个项目的成果往往不是由单一技术的水平决定的。
缺少一些技术可能会导致成本更高、速度更慢、产量更低、可靠性更差、体积和重量性能更差，但最终俄罗斯的目标仍然会实现。