报告显示，三分之一的英国青少年认为气候变化被夸大了
Third of UK teenagers believe climate change exaggerated, report shows
译文简介
“地球将会很好，人类将会生存下去，但我们目前所知的文明可能不会。”——《卫报》报道。
正文翻译
Third of UK teenagers believe climate change exaggerated, report shows
-YouTube criticised for amplifying lies about the climate with disinformation videos watched by young people
报告显示，三分之一的英国青少年认为气候变化被夸大了
——YouTube被批评用年轻人观看的虚假信息视频放大有关气候的谎言
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
-YouTube criticised for amplifying lies about the climate with disinformation videos watched by young people
报告显示，三分之一的英国青少年认为气候变化被夸大了
——YouTube被批评用年轻人观看的虚假信息视频放大有关气候的谎言
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
(Extinction Rebellion protesters at YouTube’s London office in 2019. Recent denial videos on the platform attempt to discredit climate solutions.)
（2019年，“灭绝叛乱”抗议者聚集在YouTube伦敦办公室。该平台最近发布的否认视频试图抹黑气候解决方案。）
新闻：
A third of UK teenagers believe climate change is “exaggerated”, a report has found, as YouTube videos promoting a new kind of climate denial aimed at young people proliferate on the platform.
一份报告发现，三分之一的英国青少年认为气候变化被“夸大”了，因为针对年轻人的一种新型否认气候变化的视频在YouTube平台上激增。
一份报告发现，三分之一的英国青少年认为气候变化被“夸大”了，因为针对年轻人的一种新型否认气候变化的视频在YouTube平台上激增。
Previously, most climate deniers pushed the belief that climate breakdown was not happening or, if it was, that humans were not causing it. Now, the Center for Countering Digital Hate (CCDH) has found that most climate denial videos on YouTube push the idea that climate solutions do not work, climate science and the climate movement are unreliable, or that the effects of global heating are beneficial or harmless.
以前，大多数气候否认者坚持认为气候崩溃没有发生，或者即使发生了，也不是人类造成的。现在，反数字仇恨中心发现，YouTube上大多数否认气候变化的视频都在宣扬这样的观点：气候解决方案不起作用，气候科学和气候运动不可靠，或者全球变暖的影响是有益的或无害的。
以前，大多数气候否认者坚持认为气候崩溃没有发生，或者即使发生了，也不是人类造成的。现在，反数字仇恨中心发现，YouTube上大多数否认气候变化的视频都在宣扬这样的观点：气候解决方案不起作用，气候科学和气候运动不可靠，或者全球变暖的影响是有益的或无害的。
Researchers from the CCDH gathered a dataset of text transcxts from 12,058 climate-related YouTube videos posted by 96 channels over almost six years from 1 January 2018 to 30 September 2023. They also included the results of a nationally representative survey conducted by polling company Survation which found 31% of UK respondents aged 13 to 17 agreed with the statement “Climate change and its effects are being purposefully overexaggerated”. This rose to 37% of teenagers categorised as heavy users of social media, meaning they reported using any one platform for more than four hours a day.
反数字仇恨中心的研究人员收集了从2018年1月1日至2023年9月30日近六年间96个频道发布的12058个与气候相关的YouTube视频的文本数据集。他们还囊括了民意调查公司Survation进行的一项具有全国代表性的调查结果——该调查发现，31%的13至17岁的英国受访者赞同“气候变化及其影响被有意夸大”的说法。37%的青少年被归类为重度社交媒体用户，这意味着他们每天使用任何一个平台的时间超过4小时。
反数字仇恨中心的研究人员收集了从2018年1月1日至2023年9月30日近六年间96个频道发布的12058个与气候相关的YouTube视频的文本数据集。他们还囊括了民意调查公司Survation进行的一项具有全国代表性的调查结果——该调查发现，31%的13至17岁的英国受访者赞同“气候变化及其影响被有意夸大”的说法。37%的青少年被归类为重度社交媒体用户，这意味着他们每天使用任何一个平台的时间超过4小时。
The report published on Tuesday shows a shift from the “old denial” – that climate change is not happening or not anthropogenic – to the “new denial”.
周二发布的这份报告显示，人们从“旧否认”（即气候变化没有发生或不是人为造成的）转向了“新否认”。
周二发布的这份报告显示，人们从“旧否认”（即气候变化没有发生或不是人为造成的）转向了“新否认”。
These new denial narratives that question the science and solutions for climate change constituted 35% of all climate denial on YouTube in 2018, but now represent the large majority (70%). Over the same period, the share of old denial has dropped from 65% to 30% of total claims.
2018年，这些质疑气候变化的科学和解决方案的新否认叙事占YouTube上所有否认气候变化的叙事的35%，但现在占了绝大多数（70%）。在同一时期，旧否认的比例从65%下降到30%。
2018年，这些质疑气候变化的科学和解决方案的新否认叙事占YouTube上所有否认气候变化的叙事的35%，但现在占了绝大多数（70%）。在同一时期，旧否认的比例从65%下降到30%。
The report authors believe that this shift is because the scientific evidence is now more accepted and hard to dispute, so those aiming to win people over to climate denial and delay must discredit the solutions and people pushing for climate action.
该报告的作者认为，这种转变是因为科学证据现在更容易被接受，而且很难受到质疑，所以那些旨在说服人们否认和拖延气候变化的人必须诋毁解决方案和推动气候行动的人。
该报告的作者认为，这种转变是因为科学证据现在更容易被接受，而且很难受到质疑，所以那些旨在说服人们否认和拖延气候变化的人必须诋毁解决方案和推动气候行动的人。
Imran Ahmed, chief executive of the CCDH, said: “Scientists have won the battle to inform the public about climate change and its causes, which is why those opposed to climate action have cynically switched focus to undermining confidence in solutions and in science itself.”
反数字仇恨中心的首席执行官伊姆兰·艾哈迈德说：“科学家们赢得了向公众宣传气候变化及其原因的战斗，这就是为什么那些反对气候行动的人愤世嫉俗地把注意力转向了破坏对解决方案和科学本身的信心。”
反数字仇恨中心的首席执行官伊姆兰·艾哈迈德说：“科学家们赢得了向公众宣传气候变化及其原因的战斗，这就是为什么那些反对气候行动的人愤世嫉俗地把注意力转向了破坏对解决方案和科学本身的信心。”
This mentality has seeped into UK politics, with rightwing politicians having campaigned for years to persuade the public that net zero is unachievable and too expensive, and that technologies including electric cars and heat pumps do not work. The prime minister, Rishi Sunak, has said recently that climate solutions are too expensive and rowed back on net zero commitments.
这种心态已渗入英国政治，右翼政客多年来一直在游说公众，让他们相信净零排放是不可能实现的，而且成本太高，电动汽车和热泵等技术也行不通。首相苏纳克最近表示，气候解决方案过于昂贵，并收回了净零排放的承诺。
这种心态已渗入英国政治，右翼政客多年来一直在游说公众，让他们相信净零排放是不可能实现的，而且成本太高，电动汽车和热泵等技术也行不通。首相苏纳克最近表示，气候解决方案过于昂贵，并收回了净零排放的承诺。
Young people are particularly heavy users of YouTube – the Pew Research Center recently found 13- to 17-year-olds use YouTube more than any other social media platform, with 71% using it daily.
年轻人是YouTube的重度用户——皮尤研究中心最近发现，13至17岁的年轻人使用YouTube的次数超过了其他任何社交媒体平台，71%的人每天都使用YouTube。
年轻人是YouTube的重度用户——皮尤研究中心最近发现，13至17岁的年轻人使用YouTube的次数超过了其他任何社交媒体平台，71%的人每天都使用YouTube。
Examples highlighted by the report of channels which push these new denial messages include the online figure Jordan Peterson (7.64 million subscribers), and channels such as BlazeTV (1.92 million subscribers) and PragerU (3.21 million subscribers).
报告中强调的推送这些新拒绝信息的渠道包括在线数字乔丹·彼得森（764万订阅者），以及BlazeTV（192万订阅者）和PragerU（321万订阅者）等渠道。
报告中强调的推送这些新拒绝信息的渠道包括在线数字乔丹·彼得森（764万订阅者），以及BlazeTV（192万订阅者）和PragerU（321万订阅者）等渠道。
Ahmed added: “Young people spend a huge amount of time on video-sharing platforms like YouTube. These new forms of climate denial, which have proliferated rapidly over the last six years, are designed to confuse and weaken public support for climate action in the coming decades.
艾哈迈德补充说：“年轻人在YouTube等视频分享平台上花费了大量时间。这些否认气候变化的新形式在过去六年中迅速扩散，其目的是混淆和削弱公众对未来几十年气候行动的支持。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
艾哈迈德补充说：“年轻人在YouTube等视频分享平台上花费了大量时间。这些否认气候变化的新形式在过去六年中迅速扩散，其目的是混淆和削弱公众对未来几十年气候行动的支持。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
“It is hypocritical for social media companies to claim to be green but then monetise and amplify lies about the climate.
“社交媒体公司声称自己是绿色企业，但随后将其货币化并放大有关气候的谎言，这是虚伪的。
“社交媒体公司声称自己是绿色企业，但随后将其货币化并放大有关气候的谎言，这是虚伪的。
“It is time for digital platforms to put their money where their mouth is. They should refuse to amplify or monetise cynical climate denial content that undermines faith in our collective capacity to solve humanity’s most pressing challenge.”
“现在是数字平台付诸行动的时候了。他们应该拒绝放大或货币化愤世嫉俗的否认气候变化的内容，这些内容破坏了人们对我们解决人类最紧迫挑战的集体能力的信心。”
“现在是数字平台付诸行动的时候了。他们应该拒绝放大或货币化愤世嫉俗的否认气候变化的内容，这些内容破坏了人们对我们解决人类最紧迫挑战的集体能力的信心。”
YouTube and Google, which owns the video platform, have been urged to stop promoting climate disinformation on their platforms. The report found that large brands and non-profits had paid-for adverts next to many of the widely viewed videos containing new denial messages.
YouTube和拥有该视频平台的谷歌已被敦促停止在其平台上宣传气候虚假信息。该报告发现，大品牌和非营利组织在许多被广泛观看的视频旁边投放了付费广告，其中包含新拒绝信息。
YouTube和拥有该视频平台的谷歌已被敦促停止在其平台上宣传气候虚假信息。该报告发现，大品牌和非营利组织在许多被广泛观看的视频旁边投放了付费广告，其中包含新拒绝信息。
Michael Khoo, a climate disinformation expert at Friends of the Earth, said: “Big tech fuels the spread of denial that is stopping climate action. We’ve pressured Google to stop supporting climate denial in the past, but they’ve done little. The New Climate Denial report shows a disturbing shift in the tactics used by bad actors to derail the action needed to avert further disaster.
地球之友的气候虚假信息专家迈克尔·邱表示：“大型科技公司助长了否认的传播，阻碍了气候行动。过去，我们曾向谷歌施压，要求其停止支持否认气候变化的言论，但他们几乎无所作为。《新否认气候变化报告》显示，不良行为者所使用的策略发生了令人不安的转变，以破坏避免进一步灾难所需的行动。
地球之友的气候虚假信息专家迈克尔·邱表示：“大型科技公司助长了否认的传播，阻碍了气候行动。过去，我们曾向谷歌施压，要求其停止支持否认气候变化的言论，但他们几乎无所作为。《新否认气候变化报告》显示，不良行为者所使用的策略发生了令人不安的转变，以破坏避免进一步灾难所需的行动。
“Platforms like YouTube have developed technology to monopolise young people’s attention and shouldn’t direct that towards climate denial. All social media companies must stop amplifying and profiting off the climate denial that threatens action on the most pressing crisis of human history.”
“像YouTube这样的平台已经开发出技术来垄断年轻人的注意力，不应该将其引向否认气候变化。所有社交媒体公司都必须停止放大和利用否认气候变化的言论，这种言论威胁到了对人类历史上最紧迫的危机采取的行动。”
“像YouTube这样的平台已经开发出技术来垄断年轻人的注意力，不应该将其引向否认气候变化。所有社交媒体公司都必须停止放大和利用否认气候变化的言论，这种言论威胁到了对人类历史上最紧迫的危机采取的行动。”
A YouTube spokesperson said: “Our climate change policy prohibits ads from running on content that contradicts well-established scientific consensus around the existence and causes of climate change. Debate or discussions of climate change topics, including around public policy or research, is allowed. However, when content crosses the line to climate change denial, we stop showing ads on those videos. We also display information panels under relevant videos to provide additional information on climate change and context from third parties.”
YouTube的一位发言人表示：“我们的气候变化政策禁止广告播放与围绕气候变化存在及其原因的既定科学共识相矛盾的内容。允许就气候变化话题进行辩论或讨论，包括围绕公共政策或研究的辩论或讨论。然而，当内容跨越了否认气候变化的界限时，我们就会停止在这些视频上播放广告。我们还在相关视频下展示信息面板，提供来自第三方的有关气候变化和背景的额外信息。”
YouTube的一位发言人表示：“我们的气候变化政策禁止广告播放与围绕气候变化存在及其原因的既定科学共识相矛盾的内容。允许就气候变化话题进行辩论或讨论，包括围绕公共政策或研究的辩论或讨论。然而，当内容跨越了否认气候变化的界限时，我们就会停止在这些视频上播放广告。我们还在相关视频下展示信息面板，提供来自第三方的有关气候变化和背景的额外信息。”
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How are they defining exaggerated?
You can believe that climate change is real, and human made, and should have been mitigated decades ago while still disagreeing with some of the hyperbole out there.
If I believe that the world is going to be blighted with famine, resource wars and societal upheaval due to climate change, but don't believe the planet is at risk of becoming a lifeless desert does that qualify as thinking it's exaggerated? Genuine question
他们是怎么定义“夸大”的？
你可以相信气候变化是真实的，是人为造成的，几十年前就应该得到缓解，同时仍然不赞同一些夸张的说法。
如果我相信世界将因气候变化而饱受饥荒、资源战争和社会动荡的折磨，但不相信地球有变成一片死寂的沙漠的危险，这是否符合认为这是在“夸大”呢？这才是真正的问题
It's not, the planet will be fine, humans will survive, civilisation as we currently know it might not.
事实并非如此，地球将会很好，人类将会生存下去，但我们目前所知的文明可能不会。
Yeah, look how quickly shit hits the fan when a few ships are blocked in the Suez Canal or their are interruptions in the food chain (Ukraine). Now imagine many regions stop being able to produce food... We complain about migrants now... Now imagine the Middle East becoming inhospitable due to rising temperature. Many people leave and it causes a chain reaction of migration. It's not pretty. It's the geopolitical turnmoil and inevitable conflict over productive / safe land that will change things long before weather kills people.
是的，看看当几艘船被封锁在苏伊士运河或者他们（乌克兰）食物链被中断时，事情搞砸的速度有多快吧。现在想象一下，许多地区不再能够生产粮食……我们现在抱怨移民…现在想象一下，由于气温上升，中东变得不适合居住。许多人离开，这导致了移民的连锁反应。这个场景不美好。地缘政治的动荡和不可避免的生产性/安全土地的冲突将在天气杀死人类之前就先改变一切。
Same as anti-vax.
You can believe that vaccines work and don't cause autism and yet also believe that big pharmaceutical companies are not our friends and would screw us for profit as evidenced by Pfizer paying the largest settlement in human history.
就和反疫苗一样。
你可以相信疫苗是有效的，不会导致自闭症，但你也可以相信大型制药公司不是我们的朋友，他们会为了利润而压榨我们，辉瑞公司支付了人类历史上最大的和解金就是明证。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
I was told at school places in the Uk would be under water by 25. You see people on Reddit saying things like the food will run out in 2030 etc etc. lots of people do greatly exaggerate climate change. Which is ridiculous because the reality of it is already catastrophic enough but it’s like people want to believe they’re living in day after tomorrow where things happen quickly.
我在学校时被告知，英国的一些地方到25年就会被水淹没。你在红迪上看到人们说食物将在2030年耗尽等等，很多人确实大大夸大了气候变化。这是荒谬的，因为现实已经够灾难性的了，但搞得好像人们想要相信他们生活在“后天”，事情会来得很快似的。
Not sure which school you went to, I was educated about climate change but was also told that we likely won't see any major impact from it in our lifetime, however if we don't do something now future generations are the ones who will suffer as it will be too late to change things.
不知道你上的是哪所学校，我接受了气候变化方面的教育，但也被告知，我们可能在有生之年不会看到气候变化带来的任何重大影响，然而，如果我们现在不做点什么，未来的几代人将会受到影响，因为的等到那时再采取措施已经为时已晚了。
How can they not when we have been constantly barraged for the last 40 years with messages stating, “if we do not fix our ways by [current year + 5], climate change will be irreversible and the world will be devastated”
You can only make those claims a couple of times before people get fed up.
在过去的40年里，我们不断听到这样的信息：“如果我们不在（目前是5年）内改变我们的方式，气候变化将是不可逆转的，世界将被摧毁。”
你只能说几次，然后人们就会厌倦。
Even if the whole world went net zero tomorrow the earth would continue to heat up due to emissions already released.
You're also forgetting tipping points, permafrost traps methane, snow reflects sunlight (heat) etc, as well as extreme weather events causing issues like crop failures and thus famine and thus geopolitical instability.
Even if your skeptical, clearly some very rich and powerful people have a vested interest in us continuing to use energy that they control and supply. Even if climate change wasn't a thing, and if air pollution wasn't either, I would want Britain to produce its own energy rather than bankrolling dictatorships hostile to the UK.
即使明天整个世界净零排放，由于已经释放的排放物，地球也会继续变暖的。
你也忘记了临界点，永久冻土捕获甲烷，雪反射阳光（热）等等，以及极端天气事件导致诸如作物歉收、饥荒和地缘政治不稳定等问题。
即使你持怀疑态度，很明显，一些非常富有和有权的人在我们继续使用他们所控制和供应的能源方面有着既得利益（因此推动改变的阻力巨大）。但即使气候变化不是个问题，如果空气污染也不是个问题，我也希望英国自己生产能源，而不是资助敌视英国的独裁政权。
We haven't reached that point yet. We're super close, but the tipping point hasn't been reached.
我们还没有到达那个点。我们已经非常接近了，但还没有达到临界点。
For the past 50 years the most vocal predictions of climate change have proven false. In the 70s it was an apocalyptic ice age. In the 90s it was half of the eastern seaboard of the US underwater. The truth is that the climate extremists have driven the narrative and people aren't caring anymore when the boy cries wolf. It also matters that all solutions for climate change tend to make the rich better off and the poor poorer.
在过去的50年里，对气候变化最直言不讳的预测被证明是错误的。在70年代是“世界末日的冰河时代”。上世纪90年代，是“美国东海岸一半的地区都被海水淹没”。事实是，气候极端分子主导了叙事，并且当男孩喊狼来了，人们已经不再关心了。同样重要的是，所有气候变化的解决方案往往会让富人更富裕，穷人更穷。
I do think that a lot of the climate messaging has historically been too doommongery that it washes off people and makes it easier to ignore.
There is no doubt that climate change is a real issue, but the real insidious part is that the changes are gradual, and the messaging makes it seem like an apocalypse is just around the corner. And this disconnect between the messaging and reality makes it easier for people to write the whole thing off as fake rather than the reality which is that things really are bad, it's just an issue of scale
我确实认为，从历史上看，很多气候信息都太过悲观，以至于让人们忽略了它。
毫无疑问，气候变化是一个真实的问题，但真正潜藏的部分是，这些变化是渐进的，而这些信息让人觉得世界末日即将来临。这种信息和现实之间的脱节使得人们更容易把整个事情写成假的，而不是事实，事情真的很糟糕，这只是一个跨度的问题
This is exactly why climate denial is so rife.
The majority of people over the age of 30 have stumbled across at least one kind of disastrous prediction of imminent doom fail to pass.
If you actually consume a lot of news regularly or are interested in the topic, probably multiple of them.
It's not hard to see why some people come to the conclusion that they're lying, as opposed to merely exaggerating.
这正是否认气候变化如此盛行的原因。
大多数30岁以上的人都至少遇到过一种关于“即将到来的世界末日”的灾难性预测。
如果你确实经常看很多新闻，或者对某个话题感兴趣，可能会看到很多这种。
不难看出为什么有些人会得出“他们在撒谎”的结论，而不是仅仅夸大其词。
Eh, there's a middle ground between don't believe it exists and thinking we are all going to die. I absolutely believe climate change exists but also fall into the camp that believes it's greatly exaggerated by people who have a predisposition to fear. Climate is clearly changing and it's almost certainly being affected and expedited by humans but do I believe that humans will be extinct by the end of the century (a comment I saw just yesterday) ... No, I don't.
嗯，在不相信它的存在和认为我们都会死之间有一个中间地带。我绝对相信气候变化是存在的，但我也属于认为气候变化被容易恐惧的人夸大了的阵营。气候显然在变化，而且几乎肯定是受到了人类的影响和加速，但我相信人类会在本世纪末灭绝吗（我昨天才看到的评论）…不，我不相信。
It’s a really difficult area to be actually right about, the evidence in itself is disputed on global media by many scientists. Lobbying causes all sorts of issues in the science community from pretty much everywhere trying to score political or economic points. (Oil lobbying for example).
The messaging and communication about the situation also vastly different to what you watch, learn or be informed about because of bias. Social media I’m looking at you.
Young people are sponges, they learn off others and the majority are yet to learn critical thinking to form solid opinions. They also tend to be loudest in the room.
这是一个很难正确判断的领域，证据本身在全球媒体上受到许多科学家的争议。游说在科学界引起了各种各样的问题，几乎每个地方都试图在政治或经济上得分。（石油游说就是例子）。
由于偏见，关于这种情况的信息和交流也与你所看到的、学到的或被告知的大不相同。社交媒体，我说的就是你。
年轻人是海绵，他们从别人那里学习，大多数人还没有学会批判性思维来形成坚定的观点。他们也往往是房间里声音最大的群体。
Kinda demonstrates the effect the Tories have had on the state of UK education.
从某种程度上说明了保守党对英国教育状况的影响。