As it happens, I also recently read Hannah Arendt‘s 1963 classic Eichmann in Jerusalem, and De-Nur was one of the few witnesses whom she also focused upon, treating his testimony far less gently than did Segev. According to her account, De-Nur’s bizarre, rambling monologue included a heavy focus upon astrology and all sorts of other strange things, considerably embarrassing the serious legal proceedings. When the prosecutor finally interrupted to ask a couple of basic, factual questions, De-Nur immediately collapsed in a hysterical fit, allowing the judge to salvage the situation by ordering the witness permanently removed from the stand. Arendt suggested that De-Nur’s testimony demonstrated the tremendous difficulty that emotional eyewitnesses sometimes have in distinguishing between their actual memories of events from many years earlier and the products of their own vivid imagination.

碰巧，我最近也读了汉娜·阿伦特1963年的经典作品《艾希曼在耶路撒冷》，德努尔是她关注的少数证人之一，对待他的证词远不如对待塞格夫温和。根据她的描述，德努尔的怪诞、漫无目的的独白包括对占星术和其他各种奇怪事物的大量关注，这使严肃的法律诉讼相当尴尬。
当检察官终于打断他，问了几个基本的、事实性的问题时，德努尔立即歇斯底里地崩溃了，让法官通过命令证人永远离开证人席来挽救局面。阿伦特认为，德努尔的证词表明，情绪化的目击者有时在区分多年前对事件的真实记忆和他们自己生动想象的产物时，会遇到巨大的困难。

Indeed, Segev seemed to confirm Arendt’s observation, explaining that De-Nur had been so emotionally broken by his experiences at Auschwitz that he required many years of psychiatric counseling and also began a series of LSD treatment-sessions, in which he recalled visions of his days in the camp. Eventually, he produced a new Holocaust manuscxt that included presumably imaginary scenes of such brutal events as an SS guard murdering the Jewish boy who had been the victim of his sexual perversions, then grilling the boy’s body on a spit and devouring the flesh piece by piece.

事实上，塞格夫似乎证实了阿伦特的观察，他解释说，德努尔在奥斯维辛的经历使他的情感崩溃，以至于他需要多年的精神咨询，并开始了一系列的治疗，在这些治疗中，他回忆起他在集中营里的日子。
最终，他制作了一份新的大屠杀手稿，其中包括一些可能是虚构的残酷事件场景，比如一名党卫军警卫谋杀了一名犹太男孩，他是他性变态的受害者，然后用叉子烤男孩的身体，一块一块地吃掉他的肉。

These bizarre pages of the Prologue apparently represent much of the Holocaust narrative as understood by most Israelis and I found it rather disconcerting that they were immediately followed by the chapter describing the mundane details of the Nazi-Zionist partnership of just a few years earlier, an extremely odd juxtaposition of such radically different situations. Thus, according to Segev’s apparent reconstruction, the friendly and respectful business arrangements between German Nazis and Zionist Jews of the late 1930s were suddenly replaced in the early 1940s by a diabolical and sadomasochistic effort by the Nazis to totally exterminate all of the world’s Jews, an extremely strange transformation that raised serious questions in my mind.

这些奇怪的前言显然代表了大多数以色列人所理解的大屠杀叙事，我觉得相当令人不安的是，在它们之后紧跟着的一章描述了几年前纳粹和犹太复国主义伙伴关系的不那么骇人的细节，这是一种极其奇怪的并置。因此，根据塞格夫明显的重建，德国纳粹和犹太复国主义犹太人在20世纪30年代末的友好和尊重的商业安排，在20世纪40年代初突然被纳粹彻底消灭世界上所有犹太人的恶魔和施虐狂的努力所取代，这是一个极其奇怪的转变，在我的脑海中引发了严重的认知问题。

As far as I know, the mainstream Holocaust narrative in America has never portrayed the German concentration camps as hotbeds of rampant sadomasochistic sexual perversion. However, such themes were found in a series of popular 1970s exploitation films beginning with Ilsa, She-Wolf of the SS. This leads me to wonder if many of those survivor-based accounts in Israel might fall into that same category. And indeed, according to De-Nur’s Wikipedia page, a Holocaust organization in Israel has denounced De-Nur’s books as merely pornographic fiction, not least because Nazi law absolutely prohibited any sexual relations between Aryans and Jews.

据我所知，美国的主流大屠杀叙事从未将德国集中营描绘成猖獗的施虐狂性变态的温床。然而，从《党卫军的母狼伊尔莎》开始，这些主题在20世纪70年代的一系列流行剥削电影中都能找到。
这让我想知道，在以色列，是否有许多以幸存者为基础的叙述可能属于同一类别。事实上，根据德努尔的维基百科页面，以色列的一个大屠杀组织谴责德努尔的书仅仅是色情小说，尤其考虑到纳粹法律绝对禁止雅利安人和犹太人之间的任何性关系。
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Equally bizarre and scatological stories had also been found in The Painted Bird by writer Jerzy Kosinski, which in 1976 became America’s first widely popular Holocaust memoir. But that huge bestseller was later revealed to be totally fraudulent, and the plagiarizing author eventually committed suicide. Indeed, there have been so many fake Holocaust memoirs over the years that they nearly constitute a literary genre of their own. Probably the most world’s most famous Holocaust survivor was Elie Wiesel, who parlayed the stories of his wartime suffering into becoming an enormous political celebrity, capping his career with a Nobel Peace Prize in 1986, whose announcement declared him “a messenger to mankind.” Yet journalist Alexander Cockburn has persuasively argued that Wiesel was simply a fraud, and his famous autobiographical work Night just another literary hoax.

1976年，作家耶日·科辛斯基的《画鸟》成为美国第一本广受欢迎的大屠杀回忆录，在这本书中也发现了同样离奇和下流的故事。但那本畅销书后来被发现完全是骗人的，抄袭的作者最终自杀了。事实上，这些年来有很多假的大屠杀回忆录，它们几乎形成了自己的文学流派。
世界上最著名的大屠杀幸存者可能是埃利·威塞尔，他凭借战时的苦难故事成为了一位巨大的政治名人，并在1986年获得诺贝尔和平奖，该奖项宣布他是“人类的使者”。然而，记者亚历山大·考克伯恩令人信服地认为，威塞尔只是一个骗子，他著名的自传体作品《夜》只是另一个文学骗局。

According to Segev, one odd element of Israeli Holocaust dogma has been the widespread, almost universal conviction that the Nazis had rendered Jewish bodies into soap, with even top government leaders firmly describing that atrocity as fact. Not only was this a notorious hoax, but Segev explained that Yad Vashem, Israel’s most authoritative center of Holocaust research has fully debunked it as totally fraudulent.
Meanwhile, even some of the less gruesome stories that Segev passes along seem rather doubtful. According to a prominent Israeli attorney who later claimed to have liberated death camps as a Jewish officer during the war, a large group of men, women, and children were herded into one of the gas chambers, but because their numbers were insufficient, the penny-pinching Germans didn’t want to waste a full dose of gas on them, so they were forced to stand there naked for a day and a night awaiting additional victims, only to be rescued from death when their camp was suddenly liberated.

根据塞格夫的说法，以色列大屠杀教条中一个奇怪的元素是，人们普遍认为，纳粹把犹太人的尸体做成了肥皂，甚至连政府高层领导人都坚定地将这一暴行描述为事实。这不仅是一个臭名昭著的骗局，而且塞格夫解释说，以色列最权威的大屠杀研究中心亚德瓦谢姆已经完全揭穿了这一骗局。
与此同时，即使塞格夫讲述的一些不那么可怕的故事似乎也相当令人怀疑。一位著名的以色列律师后来声称，他在战争期间作为一名犹太军官解放了死亡集中营，据他说，一大群男人、女人和孩子被赶进了一个毒气室，但由于人数不足，吝啬的德国人不想在他们身上浪费一整剂毒气，因此，他们被迫赤身裸体地站在那里一天一夜，等待更多的受害者，直到集中营突然解放，他们才从死亡中获救。

In reading Segev’s account of the role of the Holocaust in Israeli society and the sort of outrageous Holocaust stories that dominated the narrative in that country, I couldn’t avoid noticing a strong connection to much more recent events.
The surprisingly successful Hamas attack on October 7th was deeply embarrassing to the Israelis, and pro-Israel propagandists soon began heavily emphasizing ridiculous hoaxes such as the claims of forty beheaded babies or a baby roasted in an oven. All of these frauds were provided by extremely disreputable characters, but eagerly accepted and promoted by leading Western political elites and media outlets.

在阅读塞格夫对大屠杀在以色列社会中所扮演角色的描述，以及在这个国家主导叙事的那种令人愤慨的大屠杀故事时，我无法避免地注意到它与最近发生的事件有很强的联系。
哈马斯在10月7日出人意料的成功袭击让以色列人非常尴尬，亲以色列的宣传人员很快开始着重强调一些荒谬的恶作剧，比如声称有40名被斩首的婴儿或一个婴儿在烤箱里被烤死。所有这些骗局都是由声名狼藉的人物提供的，但却被西方主要政治精英和媒体热切地接受和宣传。


The latest wave of very doubtful claims has focused upon second-hand stories of Hamas gang-rapes and sexual mutilations. These accounts only came to light two months after the events in question and lacked any supportive forensic evidence, with many of the claims coming from the same individuals behind the beheaded babies hoax, suggesting that they are equally desperate propaganda ploys. Journalists Max Blumenthal, Aaron Mate, and others have discussed the extreme credulity of the Times and other media outlets in promoting these blatantly fraudulent stories.

最近一波非常可疑的指控集中在关于哈马斯轮奸和性残害的二手报道上。这些说法是在事件发生两个月后才被曝光的，而且缺乏任何支持性的法医证据，其中许多说法来自于斩首婴儿骗局背后的同一个人，这表明它们同样是不惜一切代价的宣传伎俩。记者马克斯·布卢门撒尔、亚伦·马泰等人讨论了《纽约时报》和其他媒体在宣传这些明目张心的欺诈故事时的极端轻信。

Meanwhile, consider the very strong evidence from silence. According to news reports, small GoPro cameras were worn by the attacking Hamas militants, which recorded all their activities, and the Israelis recovered many of these from their bodies and began carefully examining hundreds of hours of this extensive video footage. They surely would have soon released a video compilation providing any incriminating evidence that they found, yet I’m not aware of a single public clip that shows any such brutal atrocities or mass killings, strongly suggesting that very little of that occurred. Indeed, the Gray Zone demonstrated that the main photograph provided of an allegedly raped and murdered Israeli woman actually turned out to be that of a female Kurdish fighter from years earlier that had been plucked off the Internet, demonstrating the apparent desperation and dishonesty of the pro-Israel propagandists promoting these stories.

同时，考虑到来自沉默的有力证据。据新闻报道，袭击的哈马斯武装分子佩戴了小型GoPro相机，记录了他们的所有活动，以色列人从他们的尸体上找到了许多这样的相机，并开始仔细检查数百小时的大量视频片段。
他们肯定很快就会发布一个视频汇编，提供他们发现的任何有罪证据，但我不知道有任何一个公开剪辑显示了任何这样残酷的暴行或大规模杀戮，强烈表明这种情况没有发生。
事实上，平台“灰色地带”证明，一名据称被强奸和谋杀的以色列妇女的主要照片，实际上是几年前从互联网上摘取的一名库尔德女战士的照片，这表明了宣传这些故事的亲以色列宣传者明显的不顾一切和不诚实。

These developments bring to mind a couple of paragraphs I’d published in 2018 on similar matters:
Anyone who reads serious history books knows that Jews have generally enjoyed a reputation for producing many of the world’s greatest swindlers and frauds, hardly surprising given their notorious tendency to lie and dissemble. Meanwhile, the Jewish community also seems to contain far more than its fair share of the emotionally disturbed and the mentally ill, and perhaps as a consequence has served as a launching-pad for many of the world’s religious cults and fanatic ideological movements. Although a tendency to lie and exaggerate was hardly unique to the political partisans of Russian Jewry, the existence of a powerful international network of Jewish journalists and Jewish-influenced media outlets ensured that such concocted propaganda stories might receive enormous worldwide distribution, while the truth followed far behind, if at all.

这些发展让我想起了我在2018年发表的关于类似问题的几段话:
“任何读过严肃历史书籍的人都知道，犹太人通常以产生了许多世界上最伟大的骗子而闻名，考虑到他们臭名昭著的撒谎和掩饰倾向，这并不奇怪。与此同时，犹太社区似乎也包含了远远超过其正常份额的情绪紊乱和精神疾病，可能因此而成为世界上许多邪教和狂热意识形态运动的集合地。”
“尽管说谎和夸大的倾向并不是俄罗斯犹太人的政治党派所独有的，但由犹太记者和受犹太人影响的媒体组成的强大国际网络的存在，确保了这种编造的宣传故事可能在世界范围内得到广泛传播，而真相则远远滞后，如果有的话。”
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The Gray Zone editors noted that any skeptical analysis of those outrageous Hamas atrocity stories has prompted pro-Israel advocates to fiercely denounce such critics while stubbornly refusing to provide any solid evidence.
This is obviously correct. However, I think an equally skeptical approach must also be applied to the conventional narrative of the Holocaust, which constitutes the central ideological pillar of the Jewish State, its political leadership, and its committed supporters, both Jewish and Gentile alike. Unfortunately, applying such analytical methods may be quite psychologically difficult for many Westerners because over the last couple of generations Hollywood has elevated that historical event of the 1940s into something resembling a quasi-religion.

《灰色地带》的编辑们指出，任何对那些令人发指的哈马斯暴行报道持怀疑态度的分析，都会促使亲以色列的倡导者强烈谴责这些批评者，同时顽固地拒绝提供任何确凿的证据。
这显然是正确的。然而，我认为，对大屠杀的传统叙述也必须采取同样怀疑的态度，这种叙述构成了犹太国、其政治领导层及其坚定支持者(无论是犹太人还是非犹太人)的核心意识形态支柱。不幸的是，对许多西方人来说，运用这种分析方法可能在心理上相当困难，因为在过去的几代人里，好莱坞已经把20世纪40年代的历史事件提升为一种类似于准宗教的东西。

As I wrote in 2018: All three of America’s television networks were under Jewish ownership or control, so it was hardly surprising that two years later ABC decided to repeat this process with the 1978 television miniseries Holocaust, which also achieved an audience of 100 million and generated enormous profits…
The following year, William Styron published Sophie’s Choice, a heart-rending tale involving deeply buried memories of the extermination of Christian Polish children in the Auschwitz gas chambers. Although such an occurrence was absolutely contrary to the doctrines of all Jewish Holocaust scholars, the novel became a huge national best-seller anyway, and a 1982 film of the same name soon followed, with Meryl Streep winning an Oscar for Best Actress. A decade later, Steven Spielberg’s 1993 Schindler’s List won a remarkable seven Oscars, while grossing nearly $100 million.

正如我2018年所写：
“美国的三家电视网都在犹太人的掌控之下，所以两年后，美国广播公司决定在1978年的电视迷你剧《大屠杀》中重复这一过程，也就不足为奇了，这部剧也吸引了1亿观众，并产生了巨大的利润……
第二年，威廉·斯泰伦出版了《苏菲的选择》，这是一个令人心碎的故事，讲述了深埋在奥斯维辛毒气室里的波兰基督徒儿童被灭绝的记忆。尽管这样的事件完全违背了所有犹太大屠杀学者的教义，但这部小说还是成为了全国畅销书，1982年的同名电影紧随其后，梅丽尔·斯特里普获得了奥斯卡最佳女主角奖。十年后，史蒂文·斯皮尔伯格1993年的《辛德勒的名单》赢得了七项奥斯卡奖，票房收入近1亿美元。

With Hollywood so overwhelmingly Jewish, the consequences were hardly surprising, and a huge cinematic genre soon developed. According to Finkelstein, Hollywood produced some 180 Holocaust films just during the years 1989-2004. Even the very partial subset of Holocaust films listed on Wikipedia has grown enormously long, but fortunately the Movie Database has winnowed down the catalog by providing a list of the 50 Most Moving Holocaust Films.
Many billions of dollars have surely been invested over the years on the total production costs of this ongoing business enterprise. For most ordinary people, “seeing is believing,” and how could anyone seriously doubt the reality of the Holocaust after having seen all the gas chambers and mounds of murdered Jewish corpses constructed by highly-paid Hollywood set designers? Doubting the existence of Spiderman and the Incredible Hulk would be almost as absurd.

由于好莱坞绝大多数都是犹太人，结果并不令人惊讶，一个庞大的电影类型很快就发展起来了。根据芬克尔斯坦的说法，仅在1989年至2004年期间，好莱坞就制作了180部关于大屠杀的电影。即使是维基百科上只列出部分大屠杀电影也变得非常冗长，但幸运的是，电影数据库已经通过提供50部最感人的大屠杀电影列表来筛选了目录。
多年来，这个正在运行的企业的总生产成本肯定已经投入了数十亿美元。对于大多数普通人来说，“眼见为实”，在看过所有由高薪好莱坞布景设计师建造的毒气室和被谋杀的犹太人尸体堆之后，怎么会有人严重怀疑大屠杀的真实性呢?就像怀疑蜘蛛侠和绿巨人的存在几乎同样荒谬。

Some 2% of Americans have a Jewish background, while perhaps 95% possess Christian roots, but the Wikipedia list of Christian films seems rather scanty and rudimentary by comparison. Very few of those films were ever widely released, and the sextion is stretched to even include The Chronicles of Narnia, which contains no mention of Christianity whatsoever. One of the very few prominent exceptions on the list is Mel Gibson’s 2004 The Passion of the Christ, which he was forced to personally self-fund. And despite the enormous financial success of that movie, one of the most highly profitable domestic releases of all time, the project rendered Gibson a hugely vilified pariah in the industry over which he had once reigned as its biggest star, especially after word got around that his own father was a Holocaust Denier.
In many respects, Hollywood and the broader entertainment media today provide the unifying spiritual basis of our deeply secular society, and the overwhelming predominance of Holocaust-themed films over Christian ones has obvious implications. Meanwhile, in our globalized world, the American entertainment-media complex totally dominates Europe and the rest of the West, so that the ideas generated here effectively shape the minds of many hundreds of millions of people living elsewhere, whether or not they fully recognize that fact.

大约2%的美国人有犹太背景，而大约95%的美国人有基督教血统，但相比之下，维基百科的基督教电影列表似乎相当稀少和简陋。这些电影很少被广泛发行，甚至包括《纳尼亚传奇》，其中没有提到任何基督教。
名单上为数不多的突出例外之一是梅尔·吉布森2004年的《耶稣受难记》，他被迫个人自筹资金。尽管这部电影在经济上取得了巨大的成功，是有史以来最赚钱的国内电影之一，但吉布森曾经是电影行业最耀眼的明星，尤其是在他自己的父亲是大屠杀否认者的消息传出后，这部电影使他在这个行业中受到了极大的诋毁。
在许多方面，好莱坞和今天更广泛的娱乐媒体为我们这个深度世俗的社会提供了统一的精神基础，以大屠杀为主题的电影压倒基督教电影的压倒性优势具有明显的含义。与此同时，在我们这个全球化的世界里，美国的娱乐媒体综合体完全支配着欧洲和其他西方国家，因此，这里产生的思想有效地塑造了生活在其他地方的数亿人的思想，不管他们是否充分认识到这一事实。

In 2009, Pope Benedict XVI sought to heal the long-standing Vatican II rift within the Catholic Church and reconcile with the breakaway Society of St. Pius X faction. But this became a major media controversy when it was discovered that Bishop Richard Williamson, one of the leading members of that latter organization, had long been a Holocaust Denier and also believed that Jews should convert to Christianity. Although the many other differences in Catholic doctrinal faith were fully negotiable, apparently refusing to accept the reality of the Holocaust was not, and Williamson remained estranged from the Catholic Church. Soon afterward he was even prosecuted for heresy by the German government.

2009年，教皇本笃十六世试图弥合天主教会内部长期存在的梵蒂冈第二次大公会议裂痕，并与分裂的圣庇护十世会和解。但是，当人们发现后一个组织的主要成员之一理查德·威廉姆森主教长期以来一直否认大屠杀，并认为犹太人应该皈依基督教时，这成为了一场重大的媒体争议。
虽然天主教教义信仰的许多其他差异是完全可以协商的，但显然拒绝接受大屠杀的现实是不可能的，威廉姆森仍然与天主教会疏远。不久之后，他甚至被德国政府以异端罪起诉。
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Internet critics have suggested that over the last couple of generations, energetic Jewish activists have successfully lobbied Western nations into replacing their traditional religion of Christianity with the new religion of Holocaustianity, and the Williamson Affair certainly seems to support that conclusion.
Consider the French satirical magazine Charlie Hebdo. Funded by Jewish interests, it spent years launching vicious attacks against Christianity, sometimes in crudely pornographic fashion, and also periodically vilified Islam. Such activities were hailed by French politicians as proof of the total freedom of thought allowed in the land of Voltaire. But the moment that one of its leading cartoonists made a very mild joke related to Jews, he was immediately fired, and if the publication had ever ridiculed the Holocaust, it surely would have been immediately shut down, and its entire staff possibly thrown into prison.

网络评论家认为，在过去的几代人里，精力充沛的犹太活动家成功地游说了西方国家，用新的大屠杀宗教取代了他们的传统宗教基督教，而威廉姆森事件显然支持了这一结论。
以法国讽刺杂志《查理周刊》为例。在犹太人利益的资助下，它花了数年时间对基督教发动恶毒的攻击，有时以粗俗的色情方式，也定期诋毁伊斯兰教。这样的活动被法国的政治家们称赞为在伏尔泰的土地上允许思想完全自由的证明。
但是，当它的一位主要漫画家开了一个与犹太人有关的非常温和的玩笑时，他立即被解雇了，如果该出版物曾经嘲笑过大屠杀，它肯定会立即被关闭，其全体员工可能会被关进监狱。


Western journalists and human rights advocates have often expressed support for the boldly transgressive activities of the Jewish-funded Femen activists when they desecrate Christian churches all around the world. But such pundits would certainly be in an uproar if anyone were to act in similar fashion toward the growing international network of Holocaust Museums, most of them built at public expense.
Indeed, one of the underlying sources of bitter Western conflict with Vladimir Putin’s Russia seems to be that he has restored Christianity to a favored place in a society where the early Bolsheviks had once dynamited churches and massacred many thousands of priests. Western intellectual elites held far more positive feelings toward the USSR while its leaders retained a stridently anti-Christian attitude.

西方记者和人权倡导者经常表示支持犹太人资助的女性活动人士亵渎世界各地的基督教教堂的大胆越界活动。但是，如果有人对不断壮大的大屠杀博物馆国际网络采取类似的行动，这些权威人士肯定会哗然。这些博物馆大多是用公共资金建造的。
事实上，西方与弗拉基米尔·普京领导下的俄罗斯发生激烈冲突的潜在原因之一，似乎是普京在一个早期布尔什维克曾炸毁教堂、屠杀成千上万牧师的社会中，恢复了基督教的地位。西方知识精英对苏联的态度要积极得多，而西方领导人则持尖锐的反基督教态度。”
（未完待续）