少吃肉“相当于减少路上800万辆汽车”
Eating less meat 'like taking 8m cars off road'
译文简介
“为什么解决方案永远是‘少吃肉’。”——BBC报道。
正文翻译
Eating less meat 'like taking 8m cars off road'
少吃肉“相当于减少路上800万辆汽车”
少吃肉“相当于减少路上800万辆汽车”
(Big meat eaters' diets result in almost twice the carbon emissions per day of those who eat small amounts of meat.)
（吃肉多的人每天的碳排放量几乎是吃肉少的人的两倍。）
新闻：
Having big UK meat-eaters cut some of it out of their diet would be like taking 8 million cars off the road.
让英国高肉饮食者从他们的饮食中减少一些肉，就好比减少了800万辆汽车上路行驶。
让英国高肉饮食者从他们的饮食中减少一些肉，就好比减少了800万辆汽车上路行驶。
That's just one of the findings of new research that scientists say gives the most reliable calculation yet of how what we eat impacts our planet.
这只是一项新研究的发现之一，科学家们说，这项研究给出了迄今为止最可靠的阐明我们吃的东西是如何影响地球的计算。
这只是一项新研究的发现之一，科学家们说，这项研究给出了迄今为止最可靠的阐明我们吃的东西是如何影响地球的计算。
The Oxford University study is the first to pinpoint the difference high- and low-meat diets have on greenhouse gas emissions, researchers say.
研究人员说，牛津大学的这项研究首次指出了高肉和低肉饮食对温室气体排放的影响。
研究人员说，牛津大学的这项研究首次指出了高肉和低肉饮食对温室气体排放的影响。
The meat industry said the analysis overstated the impact of eating meat.
肉类行业表示，该分析夸大了吃肉（对环境）的影响。
肉类行业表示，该分析夸大了吃肉（对环境）的影响。
Prof Peter Scarborough, of Oxford University, who led the new research, told BBC News: 'Our results show that if everyone in the UK who is a big meat-eater reduced the amount of meat they ate, it would make a really big difference."
领导这项新研究的牛津大学教授彼得·斯卡伯勒告诉BBC新闻：“我们的研究结果表明，如果英国的每个肉食者都减少吃肉的量，就会产生很大的不同。”
领导这项新研究的牛津大学教授彼得·斯卡伯勒告诉BBC新闻：“我们的研究结果表明，如果英国的每个肉食者都减少吃肉的量，就会产生很大的不同。”
"You don't need to completely eradicate meat from your diet."
“你不需要从你的饮食中完全剔除肉类。”
“你不需要从你的饮食中完全剔除肉类。”
Prof Scarborough, who is part of the Livestock Environment And People (LEAP) project surveyed 55,000 people who were divided into big meat-eaters, who ate more than 100g of meat a day, which equates to a big burger, low meat-eaters, whose daily intake was 50g or less, approximately a couple of chipolata sausages, fish-eaters, vegetarians and vegans.
斯卡伯勒教授是牲畜环境与人类项目的一部分，他调查了55000人，他们被分为高肉食者——每天吃100克以上的肉，相当于一个大汉堡；低肉食者——每天吃50克或更少，大约两根奇波拉塔香肠；食鱼者；素食者和纯素食者。
斯卡伯勒教授是牲畜环境与人类项目的一部分，他调查了55000人，他们被分为高肉食者——每天吃100克以上的肉，相当于一个大汉堡；低肉食者——每天吃50克或更少，大约两根奇波拉塔香肠；食鱼者；素食者和纯素食者。
While it is well established that producing meat has a bigger environmental footprint than plant-based food, it has never been calculated in such detail, according to Prof Susan Jebb, who is head of the Food Standards Agency and a world leading nutrition scientist at Oxford University. She was not involved in the research.
英国食品标准局局长、牛津大学世界顶尖营养科学家苏珊·杰布教授表示，虽然众所周知，生产肉类比生产植物性食品对环境的影响更大，但从未有过如此详细的计算。她本人没有参与这项研究。
英国食品标准局局长、牛津大学世界顶尖营养科学家苏珊·杰布教授表示，虽然众所周知，生产肉类比生产植物性食品对环境的影响更大，但从未有过如此详细的计算。她本人没有参与这项研究。
"What makes this assessment different is that it takes real people's diets and is based on the various production methods we have at the moment," she said. "The researchers have assessed at a much more granular level than has been done before the environmental footprint of what they are eating."
她说：“这项评估的不同之处在于，它以真实的人们的饮食为基础，并基于我们目前拥有的各种生产方法。研究人员对他们所吃食物的环境排放进行了比以前更细致的评估。”
她说：“这项评估的不同之处在于，它以真实的人们的饮食为基础，并基于我们目前拥有的各种生产方法。研究人员对他们所吃食物的环境排放进行了比以前更细致的评估。”
The research shows that a big meat-eater's diet produces an average of 10.24 kg of planet-warming greenhouse gasses each day. A low meat-eater produces almost half that at 5.37 kg per day. And for vegan diets - it's halved again to 2.47 kg a day.
研究表明，一个高肉食者的饮食平均每天产生10.24公斤导致地球变暖的温室气体。低肉食者每天产生5.37公斤，几乎是它的一半。而对于素食主义者来说，它又减少了一半，降至每天2.47公斤。
研究表明，一个高肉食者的饮食平均每天产生10.24公斤导致地球变暖的温室气体。低肉食者每天产生5.37公斤，几乎是它的一半。而对于素食主义者来说，它又减少了一半，降至每天2.47公斤。
The analysis is the first to look at the detailed impact of diets on other environmental measures all together. These are land use, water use, water pollution and loss of species, usually caused by loss of habitat because of expansion of farming. In all cases high meat-eaters had a significantly higher adverse impact than other groups.
这项分析是首次将饮食对其他环境指标的详细影响综合起来进行分析。这些影响包括土地使用、用水、水污染和物种损失——通常是由于农业扩张导致的栖息地丧失造成的。在所有情况下，高肉食者造成的负面影响明显高于其他群体。
这项分析是首次将饮食对其他环境指标的详细影响综合起来进行分析。这些影响包括土地使用、用水、水污染和物种损失——通常是由于农业扩张导致的栖息地丧失造成的。在所有情况下，高肉食者造成的负面影响明显高于其他群体。
Britain has some of the most sustainable methods of meat production. And the sector employs nearly 100,000 people making £9.5bn a year for the UK.
英国有一些最可持续的肉类生产方法。该产业雇佣了近10万人，每年为英国创造95亿英镑的年收入。
英国有一些最可持续的肉类生产方法。该产业雇佣了近10万人，每年为英国创造95亿英镑的年收入。
Nick Allen, CEO of the British Meat Processors Association says that such assessments were incomplete.
英国肉类加工者协会的首席执行官尼克·艾伦说，这样的评估是不完整的。
英国肉类加工者协会的首席执行官尼克·艾伦说，这样的评估是不完整的。
'One of the frustrations with a report like this is that it looks just at the emissions from livestock production. It doesn't take into account that carbon gets absorbed into the grassland, trees and hedgerows [on farms]. If they took those sums into account you would probably have a different picture,' he said.
他说：“像这样的报告令人沮丧的一点是，它只关注畜牧生产的碳排放。它没有考虑到（农场上的）草地、树木和树篱所吸收的碳。如果他们把这些量考虑在内，你可能就会看到不同的景象。”
他说：“像这样的报告令人沮丧的一点是，它只关注畜牧生产的碳排放。它没有考虑到（农场上的）草地、树木和树篱所吸收的碳。如果他们把这些量考虑在内，你可能就会看到不同的景象。”
In response Prof Scarborough said that a number of studies, including this one, had concluded that the taking up of CO2 by grasslands only have a 'modest impact'.
作为回应，斯卡伯勒教授称，包括这项研究在内的许多研究都得出结论，草原吸收二氧化碳只会产生“不大的影响”。
作为回应，斯卡伯勒教授称，包括这项研究在内的许多研究都得出结论，草原吸收二氧化碳只会产生“不大的影响”。
A separate study also published in Nature Food in 2021 concluded that food production was responsible for a third of all global greenhouse gas emissions. And an independent review for the Department for the Environment Food and Rural Affairs (Defra) called for a 30% reduction in meat consumption by 2032 in order to meet the UK's net zero target.
2021年发表在《自然食品》杂志上的另一项研究得出结论，粮食生产占全球温室气体排放总量的三分之一。英国环境、食品和农村事务部的一份独立审查报告呼吁，到2032年，肉类消费要减少30%，以实现英国的净零目标。
2021年发表在《自然食品》杂志上的另一项研究得出结论，粮食生产占全球温室气体排放总量的三分之一。英国环境、食品和农村事务部的一份独立审查报告呼吁，到2032年，肉类消费要减少30%，以实现英国的净零目标。
But according to Prof Jebb, little has been done to achieve this aim.
但杰布教授表示，各国在实现这一目标方面做得很少。
但杰布教授表示，各国在实现这一目标方面做得很少。
"In the UK it is still not accepted that we are eating an amount of meat which is inconsistent with our environmental goals. At the moment, the conversation is not how we are going to do this, but whether it is really necessary," she said.
她说：“在英国，人们仍然不能接受我们的吃肉量与我们的环境目标不一致。目前，讨论的不是我们要怎么做，而是是否真的有必要。”
她说：“在英国，人们仍然不能接受我们的吃肉量与我们的环境目标不一致。目前，讨论的不是我们要怎么做，而是是否真的有必要。”
"In the case of obesity people know they shouldn't be eating confectionary cakes and biscuits. They may not want to hear it, but they know it to be true. With meat they are not wholly convinced."
“就肥胖而言，人们知道他们不应该吃糖果蛋糕和饼干。他们也许不想听，但他们知道确实如此。至于肉，他们并不完全信服。”
“就肥胖而言，人们知道他们不应该吃糖果蛋糕和饼干。他们也许不想听，但他们知道确实如此。至于肉，他们并不完全信服。”
She adds that as well as encouraging people to change their diets, the government also needs to support farmers through the transition, by protecting their livelihoods.
她补充说，除了鼓励人们改变饮食习惯外，政府还需要通过保护农民的生计来支持他们度过过渡期。
她补充说，除了鼓励人们改变饮食习惯外，政府还需要通过保护农民的生计来支持他们度过过渡期。
"Our farmers are trying pretty hard to be sustainable, more so than in many other countries, and yet we in the UK are putting... more pressure on our farmers to change, and that is pretty tough if you are a farmer," she said.
“我们的农民正在非常努力地实现可持续发展，比许多其他国家都要努力，但我们在英国却……给我们的农民施加了更大的改变压力，如果你是一个农民，这是相当困难的。”
“我们的农民正在非常努力地实现可持续发展，比许多其他国家都要努力，但我们在英国却……给我们的农民施加了更大的改变压力，如果你是一个农民，这是相当困难的。”
In response a Defra spokesperson said 'people should make their own decisions around the food they eat".
英国环境、食品和农村事务部的一位发言人回应说：“人们应该自己决定吃什么食物。”
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
英国环境、食品和农村事务部的一位发言人回应说：“人们应该自己决定吃什么食物。”
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
"Achieving the net zero target is a priority for this government, and whilst food choices can have an impact on greenhouse gas emissions, well-managed livestock also provide environmental benefits such as supporting biodiversity, protecting the character of the countryside and generating important income for rural communities."
“实现净零目标是本届政府的首要任务，虽然食物选择会对温室气体排放产生影响，但管理良好的牲畜也能提供环境效益，比如支持生物多样性、保护农村特色，并为农村社区创造重要收入。”
“实现净零目标是本届政府的首要任务，虽然食物选择会对温室气体排放产生影响，但管理良好的牲畜也能提供环境效益，比如支持生物多样性、保护农村特色，并为农村社区创造重要收入。”
A spokesperson for the Agriculture and Horticulture Development Board said 'AHDB is disappointed to see, once again, a study conveying simplistic conclusions to a very complex topic. Foods fulfil different roles within our diets and therefore cannot be fairly compared by weight, calorie or even nutrient contribution. Limited intake of animal-based foods has also shown to increase nutritional inadequacy, an area often overlooked by these kinds of studies'.
农业和园艺发展局的一位发言人说：“发展局很失望地再次看到，一项研究对一个非常复杂的话题得出了简单化的结论。食物在我们的饮食中扮演着不同的角色，因此不能用重量、卡路里甚至营养贡献来得出公正的比较。受限的动物性食物摄入也会加剧营养不足，这是这类研究经常忽视的一个领域。”
农业和园艺发展局的一位发言人说：“发展局很失望地再次看到，一项研究对一个非常复杂的话题得出了简单化的结论。食物在我们的饮食中扮演着不同的角色，因此不能用重量、卡路里甚至营养贡献来得出公正的比较。受限的动物性食物摄入也会加剧营养不足，这是这类研究经常忽视的一个领域。”
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People are far too ignorant and stubborn to do this BUT I for one and lots of my friends will be switching to vegan meat as soon as it available to buy. Food isn’t something you can tell people to change that easily, its more than just feelings, theres a biological aspect also, as in their biome also eating disorders are on a spectrum, a great deal of people are on that spectrum and take change like that very seriously. A lot can’t change what they eat and shouldn’t if they are in a place where they have nutritional balance.
人们太无知和固执了，不会这么做的，但我和我的很多朋友一旦可以买到素食肉，就会转而吃素食。食物不是你能轻易让人们改变的东西，这不仅仅是感觉，还有生物学方面的因素，就像他们的生物群系一样，饮食失调也有一个谱系，很多人都有这个谱系，他们会非常谨慎地对待这种改变。很多人不能改变他们的饮食，如果他们目前处于营养平衡的状态，就不应该改变。
Vegans are the dumbest people on this side of the planet.
Cutting some meat out of one's diet, in most cases, is probably a good health choice, and making such choices can lead to positive change on an environmental scale.
Shoveling the blame at "meat-eaters" when the ultra rich (learn orders of magnitude to understand the difference between `1 million and 1 billion) are literally killing this planet to sustain their wealth makes you look like a fucking clown.
素食主义者是地球上最愚蠢的人。
在大多数情况下，从一个人的饮食中减少一些肉类可能是一个很好的健康选择，做出这样的选择可以在环境规模上带来积极的变化。
当超级富豪（请学习数量级来理解“100万”和“10亿”之间的区别）为了维持他们的财富而杀死这个星球，却把责任甩锅给“食肉者”时，这让你看起来像个该死的小丑。
The vegetarian diet is flawed and does not work for everyone. Meat is needed by the majority of the population to survive, try telling any blue collar worker they can’t eat meat anymore. You just don’t get enough calories from vegetarian diet at the same price and quantity of food that you do when eating meat and until that can change people are going to keep eating meat. The amount of vegetables that you would have to eat to get enough calories as a man who has a physical labor job and is active is insane and unaffordable.
素食是有缺陷的，并不是对每个人都有效。大多数人生存都需要吃肉，试着告诉任何蓝领工人他们不能再吃肉了试试。在同样的价格和数量下，你无法从素食中获得足够的热量，除非这种情况发生改变，否则人们会继续吃肉。作为一个从事体力劳动和运动的人，你必须吃足够的蔬菜来获得足够的卡路里，这是疯狂的，难以承受的。
It’s important to note that MEAT IS NOT CHEAP it is heavily subsidized by taxes (at least in Canada I know this for a fact). Meaning you are paying extra for it with taxes and without subsidies enjoy meat becoming a serious rare treat because of how prohibitively expensive it is.
Vegetarian diets would be wayyyy more affordable than meat if they were also subsidized to the same extent or if meat wasn’t subsidized at all. Meaning it’s cheaper for everyone to attempt reducing meat consumption to save money, spend less on taxes and help the planet.
值得注意的是，肉类并不便宜，它有大量的税收补贴（至少在加拿大，我知道这是事实）。这意味着你要为它支付额外的税，而且没有补贴，吃肉变成了一种罕见的享受，因为它的价格高得令人望而却步。
如果素食也得到同样程度的补贴，或者肉类根本没有补贴，那么素食会比肉类实惠得多得多。这意味着每个人都可以通过减少肉类消费来省钱、减少税收和保护地球。
animal agriculture would not profit without government subsidies. animal products would be even more unaffordable without government subsidies.
没有政府补贴，畜牧业就无法盈利。如果没有政府补贴，动物产品将更加难以负担。
No. Make the capitalist class manage their rampant pollution and land destruction and maybe then we can talk. This just shifts the blame to the innocent instead of putting the climate change focus where it needs to be. Capitalism is killing our planet as we strip mine and destroy land for short term profit. I’m so tired of seeing this absolute nonsense. The insanity of blaming this on animals simply existing instead of the pollution spewing plants and deforestation is beyond mind boggling.
不要。让资产阶级管理好他们猖獗的污染和土地破坏行为，然后我们在来谈少吃肉。这只是把责任甩锅到无辜的人身上，而不是把气候变化的焦点放在它需要的地方。资本主义正在毁灭我们的星球，因为我们为了短期利益而开采和破坏土地。我受够了看这些扯淡。把这归咎于动物本身的存在，而不是把污染归咎于植物和森林的砍伐，这种疯狂令人难以置信。
Have you ever considered the fact that the meat industry is part of the capitalist class? McDonalds, Tyson, etc. are massive international corporations that profit off of abusing and killing animals and are major contributors to climate change
你有没有想过肉类行业也是资产阶级的一部分？麦当劳、泰森等都是大型国际公司，他们通过虐待和杀害动物来获利，是气候变化的主要推动者
Meat as a food source existed LONG before our current insane society and its ridiculous economic systems. But I do agree that those corporations are making it worse with their methods. My argument here is that proper and humane farming is viable and necessary for a healthy and successful society. Plants alone will not be able to substitute for all of the lost protein and energy lack of meat will cause.
肉作为一种食物来源早在我们现在疯狂的社会和荒谬的经济制度之前就存在了。但我同意说这些公司的做法让情况变得更糟。我在这里的论点是，适当和人道的农业是可行的，也是健康和成功社会的必要条件。单靠植物是无法弥补（不吃）肉类所造成的蛋白质和能量损失的。
Having an indeterminate number of UK meat-eaters cut an undisclosed amount of meat out of their diet would be equivalent to taking a specific number of cars off the road.
Solve for X.
让不确定数量的英国肉食者从他们的饮食中减少不公开数量的肉类，就相当于减少了一定数量的汽车上路。
求X。
I feel like this is a shitty take. 8M cars is about 8 cruise ships.
Ask the UK if they'd rather give up half their meat or 8 million cars or 8 cruise ships?
There are 300+ cruise ships on the water right now.
我觉得这个比喻很烂。800万辆汽车相当于8艘游轮。
问问英国，他们是愿意放弃一半的肉类饮食，还是800万辆汽车，还是8艘游轮？
现在水上有300多艘游轮。
Why is the answer to always eat less meat. I don’t get it. We need protein to live, we don’t need cruise ships
为什么解决方案永远是“少吃肉”。我不明白。我们需要蛋白质来维持生命，我们不需要游轮
Exactly, and the people arguing that meat is toxic are brainwashed, red meat is some of the most nutrient dense foods we can eat, and is far healthy then eating a fully plant based diet, it's all about a balanced diet folks which includes vegetables.
没错，那些认为肉有毒的人被洗脑了，红肉是我们能吃的营养最丰富的食物之一，比完全吃植物性饮食更健康，这都是关于包括蔬菜在内的均衡饮食的。
Disclaimer: I'm a meat eater, I'm only answering the question, not pushing an agenda.
So, the reason it often comes down to eating less meat (from an environmental standpoint) is because of the lifecycle of a farm animal, that's it. For every gram of meat produced, we have to displace more land to grow food for that animal, consume all the water it consumes, all that shit. Next time you see a cow frolicking in a field, well, those calories that cow is burning have to come from somewhere. It's just an inefficient way to produce food.
That being said, you can go vegan for the rest of your life and you won't save as much carbon release as you would if you had one fewer child.
免责声明：我是一个肉食者，我只是在回答问题，而不是在推动一个议程。
所以，从环境的角度来看，解决方案经常归结为“少吃肉”的原因在于农场动物的生命周期，就是这样。每生产一克肉，我们就必须腾出更多的土地来为这种动物种植食物，消耗它消耗的所有水，所有这些。下次当你看到一头奶牛在田野里嬉戏时，那头奶牛燃烧的卡路里一定来自某个地方。这是一种低效的生产食物的方式。
话虽如此，你可以一辈子吃素，但你减少的碳排放也不如少生一个孩子来得多。
I think the answer is much easier: lab-grown meat. It cuts down much more compared to going veteran vegetarian or vegan depending on what meat alternative you would eat, because from what I remember some plant-based ingredients use a lot of CO2, just not here but in South America or wherever we grow them instead. Lab-grown meat reduces that by a lot without requiring some other country to pollute the climate there so we can greenwash our own image.
我认为解决方案要简单得多：实验室培育的肉。与高素食者或纯素食者相比，其排放要少得多，这取决于你吃什么肉类替代品，因为据我所知，一些植物性成分会消耗大量的二氧化碳，不仅仅是在这里，而是在南美或其他我们种植它们的地方。实验室培育的肉类在不需要其他国家污染气候的情况下减少了很多排放，这样我们就可以绿化自身的形象。
Im a vegetarian who travels to the UK a lot. Outside of London I have a hard time finding anything other than a garden salad on menus. Even London isn’t that great for veg food compared to where I’m from. Would love to see more of a shift towards plant-based diets for environmental and health reasons.
我是一个素食主义者，经常去英国旅行。在伦敦以外的地方，我很难在菜单上找到除了田园沙拉以外的（素食）东西。与我的家乡相比，即使是伦敦也不太适合吃素。出于环境和健康的原因，我希望看到更多的人转向植物性饮食。
I can get the environmental issue, but health-wise most vegan diets are sh1t. You need to have a ton of money and free time to eat properly being a vegan.
我能理解环境问题，但就健康而言，大多数纯素饮食都是垃圾。作为一个素食主义者，你需要有大量的钱和空闲时间来保证合理饮食。
The vegans and climate extremists who want to wage economic war on the average citizen never have an answer for this. Drives me insane
想要对普通公民发动经济战的素食主义者和气候极端主义者从来没有一个（靠谱的）解决方案。真让我抓狂