QA问答：我从中国进口电动汽车然后在印度销售是个好主意吗？AS：短时间不要做这个生意，会让你血亏。印度没有运行BEV的基础
Is it a good idea to import electric vehicles from China and sell it in India?
译文简介
AS：短时间不要做这个生意，会让你血亏。印度没有运行BEV的基础
正文翻译
Profile photo for Aya Shawn
Aya Shawn
Living in Singapore, professional investorDec 12
Let’s not consider a series of issues such as costs, profits and taxes.
I think Indians do not yet have the basic conditions to use electric vehicles.
Just as the operation of fuel vehicles relies on gas stations across the country, the operation of electric vehicles also relies on infrastructure: charging piles.
我们先不考虑成本、利润、税收等一系列问题。
我认为印度人还不具备使用电动汽车的基本条件。
正如燃油汽车的运营依赖于全国各地的加油站一样，电动汽车的运营也依赖于基础设施：充电桩。
There are three situations in the countries around the world that can successfully operate electric vehicles:
1. United States
The population density is low, and most families have their own garages and independent houses. They can charge their electric cars in their own homes. When traveling long distances, rely on public charging stations in shopping malls and highway service areas for emergency charging.
2. China
China has built huge public facilities, and China operates more than 800,000 super charging stations. Accounting for 60% of the world. Although many people do not have their own garages and cannot charge at home due to population density, sufficient public facilities ensure this.
3. Europe
The country is small and the driving distance for cars is short. After completing a single charge, the car can basically travel across the entire country and is not highly dependent on charging facilities. There is no need for such large-scale infrastructure.
全球能够成功运营电动汽车的国家有以下三种情况：
1. 美国
人口密度低，大多数家庭都有自己的车库和独立住宅。他们可以在自己家里为电动汽车充电。长途行驶时，可借助商场、高速公路服务区的公共充电站进行紧急充电。
2、中国
中国建设了庞大的公共设施，中国运营着超过80万个超级充电站。占全球的60%。尽管由于人口密度原因，很多人没有自己的车库，无法在家充电，但充足的公共设施保证了这一点。
3.欧洲
国家很小，汽车行驶距离很短。完成一次充电后，汽车基本上可以走遍全国，对充电设施的依赖程度不高。不需要如此大规模的公共基础设施。
1. United States
The population density is low, and most families have their own garages and independent houses. They can charge their electric cars in their own homes. When traveling long distances, rely on public charging stations in shopping malls and highway service areas for emergency charging.
2. China
China has built huge public facilities, and China operates more than 800,000 super charging stations. Accounting for 60% of the world. Although many people do not have their own garages and cannot charge at home due to population density, sufficient public facilities ensure this.
3. Europe
The country is small and the driving distance for cars is short. After completing a single charge, the car can basically travel across the entire country and is not highly dependent on charging facilities. There is no need for such large-scale infrastructure.
全球能够成功运营电动汽车的国家有以下三种情况：
1. 美国
人口密度低，大多数家庭都有自己的车库和独立住宅。他们可以在自己家里为电动汽车充电。长途行驶时，可借助商场、高速公路服务区的公共充电站进行紧急充电。
2、中国
中国建设了庞大的公共设施，中国运营着超过80万个超级充电站。占全球的60%。尽管由于人口密度原因，很多人没有自己的车库，无法在家充电，但充足的公共设施保证了这一点。
3.欧洲
国家很小，汽车行驶距离很短。完成一次充电后，汽车基本上可以走遍全国，对充电设施的依赖程度不高。不需要如此大规模的公共基础设施。
India does not meet any of the conditions. It has high population density, tight living conditions, vast territory, weak infrastructure, tight power supply, and no basic conditions for the operation of electric vehicles. An elite with a garage might be able to buy electric cars and charge them, but they won't be able to drive them long distances.
Until the level of development of social facilities in India improves, it is wise to continue using fuel vehicles.
印度不符合任何一个条件。人口密度高，生活条件紧张，地域辽阔，基础设施薄弱，电力供应紧张，不具备电动汽车运行的基本条件。拥有车库的精英或许可以购买电动汽车并为其充电，但他们无法驾驶它们长途行驶。
在印度社会设施发展水平提高之前，继续使用燃油汽车是明智之举。
Until the level of development of social facilities in India improves, it is wise to continue using fuel vehicles.
印度不符合任何一个条件。人口密度高，生活条件紧张，地域辽阔，基础设施薄弱，电力供应紧张，不具备电动汽车运行的基本条件。拥有车库的精英或许可以购买电动汽车并为其充电，但他们无法驾驶它们长途行驶。
在印度社会设施发展水平提高之前，继续使用燃油汽车是明智之举。
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James Liong
· Dec 12
IMHO India certainly can use BEV, India have their own BEV brands and have already done so. Not sure how well those sell.
These are for local area travel.
The issue if using Oversea vehicles BEV eg China or USA Tesla is parts and services, also more costly
These are same issue for ICE vehicles.
Unless more electrician & mechanics are train in servicing, there may be issue of fixing BEV if they do need service. No doubt time will fix such issue.
although for whatever resson I can't reply to your comment I made a comment to you anyway with what you written for me & others to read.
恕我直言，印度当然可以使用BEV，印度拥有自己的BEV品牌并且已经这样做了。不确定这些卖得怎么样。
这些适用于当地旅行。
使用海外车辆BEV（例如中国或美国特斯拉）的问题是零件和服务，而且成本更高
对于内燃机车辆来说，这些也是同样的问题。
除非更多的电工&机械师正在接受维修培训，如果他们确实需要维修，可能会出现无人能修复BEV的问题。毫无疑问，时间会解决这个问题。
虽然我无法回复你的评论，但无论如何我还是对你发表了评论。以便其他人阅读。
Arch Stanton
· Dec 21
YOU missed ENTIRELY what the original poster pointed out about EVs not working in PRESENT india RIGHT NOW.
It is NOT about *AVAILABILITY* of EVs BUT RATHER THAT EVs ARE IMPRACTICAL IN THE PRESENT ExiSTING ENVIRONMENT OF iNDIA OF THE PRESENT.
And that the ExiSTING structural aspects of india URBAN areas make “charging sites” VERY HARD TO ESTABLISH….. then add in that the LACK OF and the RELIABILITY of electricity IN PRESENT india WOULD MAKE IT VERY DIFFICULT TO KEEP AND USE EVs IN PRESENT INDIA.
您完全错过了原发帖者指出的有关电动汽车目前在印度无法使用的内容。
这与电动汽车的*可用性*无关而是电动汽车在当前印度的现有环境中不切实际。
印度城市地区现有的结构使得“充电站”很难建立......然后补充一下印度目前电力容量的缺乏和可靠性缺乏，保留和使用电动汽车将变得非常困难。
Simen Filseth
· Dec 12
You might be right about India, but your descxtion of Europe and the US are grossly simplified to make India stand out.
你对印度的看法可能是对的，但你对欧洲和美国的描述被大大简化了，以使印度脱颖而出。
George Harrison
· Dec 12
There might also be a slight problem of adequate electric supply in India.
印度可能还存在电力供应充足的小问题。
Snehasis Panda
· Dec 12
Dude , which year are you living In?
老兄，你住在哪一年？
Terri Ferrari
· Dec 13
The problem is more the source of electricity, not the supply. India gets most of its electricity from burning coal, so there is no environment advantage to electric vehicles.
I do see a role for hybrids.
问题更多的是电力来源，而不是供应。印度的大部分电力来自燃煤，因此电动汽车没有环境优势。
我确实看到了混合动力车的作用。
George Harrison
· Dec 13
Given that coal is getting cleaner and that power stations run more efficiently (than ICE in cars) with better scrubbing of exhaust, I believe there is still an environmental advantage in using BEV charged by electricity from such sources, than running ICE vehicles on the road.
Further these gains will only improve as the electricity source migrated to non-fossil fuel such as solar, wind and nuclear.
鉴于煤炭变得越来越清洁，并且发电站的运行效率更高（比汽车中的内燃机）以及更好的废气净化，我相信使用由此类来源的电力充电的纯电动汽车比在道路上运行内燃机汽车仍然具有环境优势。
此外，随着电力来源转向太阳能、风能和核能等非化石燃料，这些收益只会得到改善。
Terri Ferrari
· Dec 14
Clean Coal is an oxymoron used by the industry to confuse people. I agree there is a minor improvement over ICE, because it is easier and more efficient to monitor. The question is whether Hybrid Engines are efficient enough to make the difference moot.
Back to India, I recently saw a news item on TV (probably PBS) about Modi’s program to install solar in remote rural villages. I claimed that many installations were not functioning after a year, because there was no one to maintain them.
“洁净煤”是业界用来迷惑人们的一个矛盾修辞法。我同意与ICE相比有一个微小的改进，因为它更容易、更有效地监控。问题是混合动力发动机的效率是否足以使差异变得毫无意义。
回到印度，我最近在电视（可能是 PBS）上看到一则新闻，内容是关于莫迪在偏远乡村安装太阳能的计划。我声称许多装置一年后就无法运行，因为没有人维护它们。
George Harrison
· Dec 14
Yes I agree coal is (as are other fossil fuels) inherently polluting and increases CO2 in the environment, but there have been significant improvements that reduce that impact.
This is actually far more relevant in the near term since renewable technologies are still a minuscule part of energy generation around the world as shown below.
是的，我同意煤炭（与其他化石燃料一样）本质上会污染并增加环境中的二氧化碳含量，但已经有了显着的改进来减少这种影响。
这实际上在短期内更为重要，因为可再生技术仍然是世界各地能源生产的一小部分。
因此，即使是煤炭和化石燃料发电的微小改进，实际上对环境产生的积极影响也比太阳能发电量增加一倍（同样是在全球范围内，不仅仅是在某些更广泛部署太阳能风能或核能的特定国家。）
当然，我们必须同时努力完全摆脱化石燃料，但我认为如果不对核电进行重大投资，这种情况就不会发生。
Terri Ferrari
· Dec 19
Thank! You filled in the details.
感谢！您提供了详细信息。
Arch Stanton
· Dec 21
Harrison has a VERY GOOD POINT: a LARGE COAL belching CENTRAL power plant is BY FAARRRR more efficient and “cleaner” than thousands and thousands of automobiles/motorbikes with interal combustion engine.
YOU know what a vehicle with a internal combustion engine is?: A MINI POWER PLANT.
IN OTHER WORDS: ice vehicles on the road ARE THOUSANDS AND THOUSANDS OF POWER PLANTS THAT ADD UP TO FAAAAAAARRRRR MORE POLLUTION THAN THAT SINGLE CENTRALIZED COAL BELCHING POWER PLANT.
Harrison有一个非常好的观点：大型燃煤中央发电厂比成千上万的内燃机汽车/摩托车更高效、更“清洁”。
您知道什么是内燃机车辆吗？：迷你发电厂。
换句话说：道路上的油车是成千上万的发电厂，加起来比单个集中式燃煤发电厂造成的污染还要严重。
Kalpak Shah
· Dec 14
Clean coal is not possible but still because of high efficiency ENERGY UTILIZATION of EV car, EV emits about 15–20% less carbon while using 100% coal based electricity. It also transfers emissions from urban area to rural area where coal plants are located.
BTW, I am user of EV.
Hybrid may be as good or little better than EV using electricity produced by coal.
清洁煤炭是不可能的，但由于电动汽车能源利用效率高，电动汽车在使用 100%煤电时，碳排放量减少约 15-20%。它还将排放从城市地区转移到燃煤电厂所在的农村地区。
顺便说一句，我是电动汽车的用户。
混合动力汽车可能与使用煤炭发电的电动汽车一样好或稍好一些。
George Harrison
· Dec 14
See my reply to Terri regarding “cleaner” coal below.
请参阅下面我对特里关于“清洁”煤炭的回复。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
Kanwaldeep SIngh
· Dec 13
India has surplus electricity. Problem is distribution as state electricity companies are heavily debted due to wrong state government policies.
印度电力过剩。问题在于配电，因为州政府政策错误，国有电力公司负债累累。
Asit Mohanty
· Dec 12
Sorry but you are wrong. Depending on the region, there are states with power surplus and others with deficit. Even within deficit states, there are cities with power surplus.
Every Indian is not going to have a car for at least the next decade. The ones who can afford an electric car as of today is low as well. So, with the increase in range for cars (growing at 1.5x to 2x annually), households with more than one car can definitely afford to purchase and maintain cars. That is probably less than 4% of households.
抱歉，你错了。根据地区的不同，有些邦电力过剩，有些邦电力短缺。即使在电力短缺的邦内，也存在电力过剩的城市。
至少在未来十年内，每个印度人都不会拥有汽车。截至目前，能买得起电动汽车的人也很少。因此，随着汽车保有量的增加（每年增长 1.5倍至 2倍），拥有多于一辆车的家庭绝对有能力购买和维护汽车。但这可能不到 4%的家庭。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
Kanwaldeep SIngh
· Dec 13
2 years back when I travelled to India , there were lot electric taxis and electric scooters and it is evolving fast. India might use electric vehicles for regular commercial (like taxis, tuk tuk) transport first and then for personal use.
两年前我去印度旅行时，那里有很多电动出租车和电动滑板车，而且发展很快。印度可能首先将电动汽车用于常规商业（如出租车、嘟嘟车）交通，然后用于个人用途。
Kalpak Shah
· Dec 14
90% of commuters do not use car for more than 70–90 kms as day. Indians need business and entrepreneur may jump in to create infrastructure at fast pace and roof top solar may assist to meet electrical demands.
Only problem is consumer of India has is low / slow acceptance to new technology and their BELIEF about cost of battery replacement.
90%的通勤者每天使用汽车的行程不会超过70-90公里。印度人需要商业，企业家可能会参与快速建设基础设施，屋顶太阳能可能有助于满足电力需求。
唯一的问题是印度消费者对新技术的接受程度较低/缓慢，而且他们对电池更换成本的看法不高。
Arch Stanton
· Dec 21
Do NOT include MURCA! as a place ready for EVs on any large/heavy scale.
The state of California represents 40% of all EV purchased in all of MURCA! but the availability of charging sites even in California are VERY FEW.
I live in one of those “liberal progressive coastal cities” in California and you see EVs and plug in hybrids throughout the neighborhoods with charging lines coming out of the homes connected to the EVs/plug in hybrids but you will have to search VERY HARD to find public charging sites in the “liberal progressive city”.
不包括MURCA！作为适合任何大型/重型电动汽车的地方。
加利福尼亚州占整个 MURCA购买的所有电动汽车的40%！但即使在加利福尼亚州，可用的充电站也非常少。
我住在加利福尼亚州那些“自由进步的沿海城市”之一，你会在整个社区看到电动汽车和插电式混合动力车，充电线从连接到电动汽车/插电式混合动力车的家中出来，但你必须非常努力地搜索才能找到在“自由进步城市”找到公共充电站。
Changyu
· Dec 14
OP is too kind to India's infrastructure
The most serious problems facing India are briefly touched upon.
India's national power grid is in shambles, with a lack of coordination among power companies in each state and rampant corruption.
Electricity supply and dispatch are terrible.
A typical large-scale public charging station in China can provide 20-40 super charging piles, and when they work at the same time, they will generate a load of 2400-5000 kilowatts. The total power consumption exceeds that of a large modern shopping mall. Such charging stations can be found everywhere in Chinese cities.
The prerequisite for their operation is a strong, robust power distribution network.
In India, if one such charging station appears in a neighborhood, the power of the entire neighborhood will collapse.
答主对印度的基础设施太客气了
对印度面临最严重的问题只是简单的带过。
印度的全国性电网建设一塌糊涂，每个邦的电力公司之间缺乏协调，腐败横行。
电力供应和调度非常糟糕。
一个中国典型的大型公共充电站可以提供20-40个超级充电桩，当他们同时工作时，会产生2400-5000千瓦的负荷。超过一栋大型现代化商场的总耗电量。这样的充电站在中国的城市里随处可见。
他们能运行的前提是强大的，健壮的配电网络。
在印度，一个街区如果出现一个这样的充电站，整个街区的电力都会崩溃。