街访：印度的贫富差距问题
How Bad is the Gap Between Rich and Poor in India? | Street Interview
译文简介
印度真实的贫富差距到底如何，我们进行了街访。
正文翻译
在印度总人口中1%的最富裕人群拥有印度全国财富的一半以上，总人口中5%最富的印度人拥有全国财富的68.6%，总人口中10%最富的人拥有全国财富的76.3%。与此形成鲜明对照的是全世界贫困人口的1/3来自印度。超过8亿印度人每天生活费还不到2美元。这一数字占印度总人口的75％以上。
印度的贫富差距，越来越成为印度发展的一个阻碍。
印度真实的贫富差距到底如何，我们进行了街访。
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I'm British Indian and im in croatia, my tour guide was talking to me about how all the Indians he's met here are so rich and he was saying how the western media only shows one side and that is the poor. But I said there is also a massive wealth gap. I think you would always find that in countries with massive populations.
我是英籍印度人，现在在克罗地亚，我的导游跟我说他在这里遇到的所有印度人是多么多么富有，他说西方媒体只展示了一面，那就是穷的一面。但我（和他）说（印度的）贫富差距也很大。我认为在人口众多的国家你总会发现这一点。
Indians traveling to Croatia for vacation are of course the wealthy ones...the gap between rich and poor in developing countries are huge.The tour guide is obviously short-sighted thinking that those visiting Croatia represents entire Indian people.
去克罗地亚度假的印度人当然都是富人……发展中国家的贫富差距是很大的。导游显然是短视的，认为访问克罗地亚的人代表了整个印度人民。
Just like you can't compare india with other country because of cost of living. You can't compare every indian, region to region cost of living varies significantly.
Both Mumbai and Kolkata are considered metropolitan cities but have vary drastic difference in their cost of living.
就像你不能因为生活成本而将印度与其他国家进行比较一样。你也无法比较每个印度人，（因为）不同地区之间的生活成本差异很大。
孟买和加尔各答都被视为大都市，但生活成本却存在巨大差异。
Yes There are Many Good Cities in India like Bengaluru Which is Tech Capital of India, Chennai, Gurugram, Noida, Chennai etc But western Media Does Not Show India IT Parks
是的，印度有很多好的城市，比如班加罗尔（印度的科技之都）、金奈、古鲁格拉姆、诺伊达、金奈等，但西方媒体没有展示印度的IT园区...
Well Because India is a developing country unlike UK.
好吧，因为印度不像英国，印度是一个发展中国家..
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
Only the rich indians live overseas
只有富有的印度人住在海外..
Here's the thing, the wealth gap is there IN ALL NATIONS with an exception of few European countries with socialist policies like ...BELGIUM.
事情是这样的，除了少数实行社会主义政策的欧洲国家（例如比利时）之外，所有国家都存在贫富差距。
Yes wealth gap is everywhere the problem is our salaries are less compare to other countries but things are cheap here in India.
是的，贫富差距无处不在，问题是我们的工资比其他国家要低，不过印度的东西很便宜。
Asia in the eyes of asian boss: korea, india, china, japan, philipine, thailand. The other 41 countries: yeah we don't exist yeah! ���
Asian boss眼中的亚洲：韩国、印度、中国、日本、菲律宾、泰国。至于其他的41个国家：是的，我们不存在！
Indian wealth gap is very much related to it's caste hierarchy
印度的贫富差距与其种姓等级密切相关..
The girl from the family that’s top 10-15% of Indian income is clearly more educated and has a good understanding of how the world works and where she stands in society. But still seemed humble.
那个来自印度收入最高的10%-15%家庭的女孩,显然受教育程度更高，并且对世界如何运作以及自己在社会中的地位有很好的了解，但她还是显得很谦虚。
his video can be explained in a single sentence - The rich become richer and the poor become poorer and the only way to get out of poverty is education in India
他的视频可以用一句话来解释——富人变得更富，穷人变得更穷，在印度摆脱贫困的唯一途径是教育..
Is there evidence that the poor are getting poorer? In 2009, the poverty rate in India was 30%. By 2019 it had fallen to 10% (source: Our World in Data).
有证据表明穷人越来越穷吗？ 2009年，印度的贫困率为30%。到 2019 年，这一比例已降至10%（数据来源：Our World in Data）。
【注：Our World in Data 是由牛津大学经济学家麦克斯·罗瑟在2011年发起的一个在线数据分享项目。】
Education, Education, Education. Education is so important. You can not stress it enough. But sadly, people do not see it that way. Following your dreams, start-ups, dropping out of school/college to do something out of the ordinary, it all looks charming. Butf you are not from a strong background, only education can help you. Of course, there will be some you can make it even without education and family backing, but they are the exceptions, not the norm.
教育，教育，教育！ 教育是如此的重要！你怎么强调都不为过。 但遗憾的是，人们并不这么看。追随自己的梦想、创业、辍学去做一些不寻常的事情，这一切看起来都很迷人。 但是如果你没有强大的背景，那么只有教育可以帮助你。 当然，有些人即使没有教育和家庭支持也能成功，但他们只是例外，而不是常态。
Sad thing is
This gap is widening in just few States but still we have to carry the burden of income inequality. It would be great if they conduct such surveys in states like Himachal Kerala Goa , Tamil Nadu , Haryana or Mizoram
可悲的是，这种（贫富）差距在一些邦正在扩大，但我们仍然必须承担收入不平等的负担。 如果他们在喜马偕尔邦、喀拉拉邦、果阿邦、泰米尔纳德邦、哈里亚纳邦或米佐拉姆邦邦等进行此类调查，那就太好了！
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
Education can get you out of poverty but there is no guarantee it will make you millionaire.....
教育可以让你摆脱贫困，但不能保证会让你成为百万富翁......
My mom used to teach in primary school. Her salary was just 5K INR a month(1-2 years ago). While school earned in Lakhs they paid their teachers so little.
我妈妈曾经在小学教书，她每月的工资只有5000卢比（1到2年前的工资）。虽然学校赚了数十万（卢比），但他们给老师的工资却很少。
And government teachers get 90 Thousand per month in Delhi
德里的政府教师每月收入9万。
@carljohnson-111 really ?
真的吗？
@vikrant9515 Yes
楼上，是的。
I'm very impressed by the politeness, knowledge & education of all these people being interviewed.
Is English the widely spoken language in Delhi & India these days?
所有接受采访的人的礼貌、知识和教育给我留下了深刻的印象。
如今英语是德里和印度广泛使用的语言吗？
I think there is a huge divide between the rich and the poor in India that people rarely address. And I have faced it in real life because I am a kid from a middle class family living in South Delhi. The exposure kids from rich families get, the social circles they hangout in, the perspectives they are exposed to aren't something you would see in families below the rich class in India. Going to the mall for shopping for them is like going to vegetable vendors for us.
我认为印度的富人和穷人之间存在着巨大的鸿沟，但人们很少解决这个问题。 我在现实生活中也遇到过这个问题，因为我是来自南德里一个中产阶级家庭的孩子。 来自富裕家庭的孩子所获得的曝光度、他们所处的社交圈、他们所接触到的观点，这些都是你在印度富裕阶层以下的家庭中看不到的。去商场购物对他们来说，就像我们去菜摊买菜一样。
The male student hits the nail on the head every question. A lot of people are able to get to where they are at based on their family background.
男学生在每一个问题上（的回答）都一针见血。很多人之所以能够走到现在的位置，是因为他们的家庭背景。
Typically people in the west mock the Indian accents. This video shows how diverse the population is and how clear their language is. It is impossible to find this level of communication clarity anywhere in the world.
西方人通常会嘲笑印度口音。但这个视频展示了印度人口的多样性以及他们的语言是多么清晰。在世界任何地方，都不可能找到如此清晰的语言交流水平。
Indian society is incredibly diverse and vibrant, making it a challenging subject for easy analysis. While our country follows a free-market economy, I believe it is crucial to establish some form of socialist structure through administrative policies. Such policies should aim to provide a minimum income guarantee and equal opportunities to every citizen of India. We cannot deny the presence of biases in various departments that hinder equal access to opportunities. The bureaucracy, in particular, is flawed, despite the government's efforts to implement better policies for the benefit of the poor and marginalized. Unfortunately, the bureaucratic system is designed in a way that perpetuates the cycle of poverty, making it increasingly complex and difficult for those in need.
印度社会有着令人惊叹的多元化和活力，这使其成为一个易于分析的具有挑战性的主题。虽然我们国家实行自由市场经济，但我认为通过行政政策，建立某种形式的社会主义结构至关重要。这类政策，应该为印度每个公民提供最低收入保障和平等的机会。我们不能否认，在政府各个部门之中存在着阻碍机会平等的偏见。尽管政府努力实施更好的政策，以造福穷人和边缘化群体，但官僚机构仍然存在缺陷。不幸的是，官僚体系的设计方式使得贫困的循环永久化，让那些有需要的人（他们的生活）变得越来越复杂和困难。
I’m Mexican and also in Mexico the minimum salary is 320 US dollars per month (around that) but sometimes they don’t even get paid the minimum, in my household the income is 2500 US dollars per month and we are definitely not rich and sometimes we can’t afford a lot of things so I just can imagine how difficult it must be for people with a smaller income
我是墨西哥人，在墨西哥，最低工资大约是每月320美元，但有时候人们甚至连最低工资都拿不到，在我家里，每月收入是2500美元，我们绝对不算富裕，有时候我们也买不起很多的东西，所以我可以想象对于收入较低的人来说（生活）有多么的困难！
Just for context, what people from other countries need to understand is living cost(food, medication, rent, clothes, etc) in India is way less compared to western countries, so those earning 1 lakh per month ($12000 per month) live very comfortable lives, similar to how those making six figures in western countries live.
仅供参考，其他国家的人们需要了解的是，与西方国家相比，印度的生活成本（食品、药品、房租、衣服等）要低得多，因此那些月入100万（每月12000美元）的人，在印度过着非常舒适的生活，类似于西方国家六位数收入的人的生活。
It's not like we can all be rich milionaries and bilionaires, because positions like shop assistants, farmers and such, that naturally dont make as much as an eye surgeon, should still earn a fair wage. They deserve to live well as much, they also make great contribution to society.
并不是说我们都能成为富有的百万富翁和亿万富翁，因为像店员、农民之类的职位，工资自然不如眼科医生，但他们仍然应该获得公平的工资。他们同样应该过上好的生活，他们也为社会做出了巨大的贡献。
10% owning 60-70% of wealth is common occurrence in a capitalist country.
The issue is that Indian economy overall is smaller so the 30% wealth left for 90% population is very small compared to developed country
10%的人拥有60%到70%的财富，这在资本主义国家是常有的事。
问题是，印度的经济总体规模较小，因此与发达国家相比，留给（印度）90%人口的30%财富就非常少。
Good governance is about how the government help the bottom of the population. Not just giving them money, but more about the conditions that many interviewees talked about, infrastructure, education, medicine, etc.
好的治理就是政府帮助底层民众。不仅仅是给他们钱，更多的是（视频中）很多受访者谈到的，基础设施、教育、医疗等等。
Good to see young Indians understand the wealth gap and hope latest generation will have compassion toward poor and work to fill that gap.
很高兴看到印度年轻人了解贫富差距，希望最新一代能够同情穷人，并且努力地弥补贫富差距。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
Poverty is the real problem, not inequality.
贫困才是真正的问题，而不是不平等。
I think most them are missing a very important point. Its very very difficult for a poor person to go up the ladder. Its easier for a middle class guy because they have those basic tools like education. But if a guy has never been to be proper school, its very difficult for him to break that cycle.
我认为他们大多数人都忽略了非常重要的一点。 对于一个穷人来说，想要上升一个阶层是非常非常困难的。 对于中产阶级来说，这会更加的容易，因为他们拥有教育等等基本的工具。 但如果一个人从来没有上过正规学校，他就很难打破这个循环。
I think Asian Boss Indian team need to uate their interview processes, they ask questions in English and hope for replies in English. But English is not Indians mother tongue. Asian Boss should communicate in local languages and then use subtitles for viewers to understand, just like they are doing in other nations.
我认为 Asian Boss的印度团队需要评估下他们的街访流程，他们用英语提问，并希望得到英语回复，但是，英语不是印度人的母语。Asian Boss应该用当地语言进行交流，然后使用字幕让观众理解（人们说的话），就像他们在其他国家所做的那样。
I am not Indian, I lived in India from 2007-2012 during my engineering college studies, What I can say, I have seen colleagues who came from extremely poor families and from rural areas that they didn't know what a cigarette lighter is, they only knew matchbox, and in 5 years, they were hired by top companies in India before they graduated, to me this is a miracle, a transformation, that was at the time of Manmohan Singh, I suppose it should be better during BJP, what I don't like in Indians, see that girl she wanted some of the riches money, and she is sad, and when she talked about her house helper, it is obvious the gap between her and the house helper is huge too.
1% of population got 40% of country wealth, the doctor thinks he is top 5%, diversity and social strata should be tackled culturally, Society is the economy, not the other way around.
No offense really, I love India and my Indian friends, but Indians generally are a materialistic nation, and relatively cheap compared to where I came from
我不是印度人，但是2007-2012年，在印度的工程学院学习期间，我住在那里。我能说的是，我看到来自极端贫困家庭和农村地区的同学不知道什么是打火机， 他们只知道火柴盒，而仅仅五年，他们还没毕业就被印度顶级公司录用了，对我来说，这是一个奇迹，一个转变，那是在曼莫汉·辛格时期，我想在人民党时期应该会更好，我不喜欢印度人的地方是，看到（视频中）那个女孩想要一些富裕的金钱，她很难过，（但是），当她谈到她的家庭佣工时，很明显，她和她的家庭佣工之间的差距也很大。
1%的人口拥有40%的国家财富，（视频中的）医生认为他是最富有的5%（的人），多样性和社会阶层应该从文化上解决，社会就是经济，而不是相反。
无意冒犯，我爱印度和我的印度朋友，但印度通常是一个物质主义的国家，与我来自的地方相比，（物价）相对便宜。
Education is the prime factor of these wealth inequality, I think.
我认为，教育是造成这些财富不平等的主要因素。
All the people who are interviewed in this video are from city and also they are financial stable but reality is that most of indian live in rural area and average salary for a person in rural area is 100,000 ruppes per year (1 US Dollar=78 ruppes) with working 12 hours a day which is quite hard for someone to survive right now.....
这个视频中所有接受采访的人都来自城市，而且经济稳定，但现实是，大多数印度人生活在农村地区，农村地区人均工资为每年10万卢比（1 美元=78 卢比），每天工作12个小时，对于一个人来说生存是相当困难的......
I think the real problem is exploitation of labour ,farmer in India by big firms or govt
They aren't paid even at mediocre level
Even riches don't pay their servants and labours well
我认为真正的问题是大公司或政府对印度劳动力和农民的剥削，
他们甚至得不到普通水平的工资，
即使是有钱人，也不给他们的仆人和劳动力很好的报酬。
The statement about richest 1% owns 40% wealth is true for each and every country..the ration is far worse in other countries....India is a world in itself...within a city u get to live various standards...its upto u how u want to live if a person warns 30k and spends 8k,he can do it....or want to spend 25k he can do the same its upto him or her...
About this stat��������� these are nothing but ways to shift ur attention.
Except a few european countries(where the pop is likely 20 or 30 lakh)in all countries its the same....or even worse
Usa :top 5 to 10% hold 70% of wealth the bottom 40% just get 1%...these are official figures from 2008
This worsened in 2008-09 crisis,2020,ongoing crisis...i am not taking into account
The present gdp is 21 trillion,so the bottom 40% or 130 million people gets 2 trillion which amt to 15400 $,which u divide by 3 u get 5000$ earned by the 130 million people(divided by 3 beacuse in India these same person cost would have divided by 3 to get the same standards)
Lets take an example of european country
In Uk u will get similar picture bottom 50% get 8% wealth (uk is the worst in europe)....in big countries china usa india all have the same
But yes this is nothing to be proud or boasting of....If India does imropve the socio economic status of only 2 3 states the picture will compketely change
关于最富有的1%人拥有40%的财富这种说法，对每个国家都是正确的……其他国家的比例要差得多……印度本身就是一个世界……在一个城市里，你可以生活在不同的标准中...这取决于你想要如何生活，如果一个人赚3万，然后花8千，他可以......或者他想要花2万5，他也可以，这取决于他或者她自己......
关于这个统计数据，这些只不过是转移你注意力的方法。
除了少数欧洲国家（那些国家的人口可能只有200或者300 万），其它所有国家都一样......甚至更糟。
美国：顶层的5%到10%的人群，拥有70%的财富，而底层40%的人群，只有1%的财富.....这是2008年的官方数据，而且这种情况，在2008-2009年，2020年持续的危机等等之中恶化了......我甚至都没有把这些算进去....
美国当前的GDP是21万亿美元，所以顶层40%的人群，或者说1.3亿人，只得到了2万亿美元，相当于（每人）15400美元，你把这个数字除以3，就会得到1.3亿人每人5000美元这个数据（除以3是因为同样这些人在印度的话，要得到同样的生活水平需要除以3）
让我们以欧洲国家为例，
在英国，你会得到类似的图像，底层50%的人只获得8%的财富，（英国是欧洲最差的）....在大国之中，中国美国印度所有国家都类似。
但是，是的，这不是什么值得吹嘘骄傲的事情....如果印度确实提高了2到3个邦的社会经济地位，那么情况就将完全改变。
It may be true that a MacDonald working dude may earn more than a eye surgeon in India (which is highly arguable though). But you need to understand something called PPP (purchase power parity). That is to afford a similar lifestyle of eye surgeon in India in the United States. You need to be making more atleast 150k in USD.
（美国）麦当劳工作人员的收入，可能确实比印度的眼科医生收入高（不过，这是很有争议的）。但你需要了解一种叫做 PPP（购买力平价）的东西，那就是在美国负担起印度眼科医生在印度类似的生活方式， 你需要赚取至少15万美元以上的收入。
From my experience, the average salary right now to this day is around 18-22k. Some states have so so horrible pay rate. They want people with high experience and qualifications for 10-12k per month.
根据我的经验，现在的平均工资在1万8到2万2左右，有些邦的工资水平非常糟糕，他们想要拥有很高经验和学历的人，但是只给1万到1.2万（卢比）。
Also , if it's possible please do a similar survey in tier 2 tier 3 cities in India, i know there won't be too many English speaking people but it would also give a better insight about India
另外，如果可能的话，请在印度的二三线城市做一个类似的调查，我知道（那些地方）不会有太多说英语的人，但这也会让你更好地了解印度。
Even if everyone starts off from the same point, there will always be a gap.
即使大家都是从同一个起点出发，也总会有差距。
It's not that just in India. It's the same everywhere. People seem to forget that India has the highest population, that'd automatically yield highest head count of millionaires as long as the country has a well off economic system.
不仅仅是在印度，到处都一样。人们似乎忘记了印度拥有最多的人口，只要这个国家拥有一个很好的经济体系，就会自动产生最多的百万富翁。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
There are Numerous factor why the gap between poor and rich is this big and no there isn't really a possibility where the gap would become minimal. Poor gets poorer and rich gets richer. The middle class struggles the most they need some help.
贫富差距如此之大的原因有很多，而且贫富差距不可能缩小。穷人越来越穷，富人越来越富。中产阶级最艰难了，他们需要一些帮助。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
The doctor is the person I really like the most in this interview
那个医生，是这个采访里面我最喜欢的人。
its historical way back in ancient times, i bet the wealth gaps even greater,. or that the rich own more than the 40% they have today.... i
（贫富差距的）历史可以追溯到古代，我敢打赌那时候的贫富差距更大...或者说（那时候）富人拥有的财产比今天拥有的40%还要多……
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
India is the best!
印度是最好的！
i feel the man with the hung bag on his back is the most reasonable .
我觉得背着包的男人说的最有道理。
Kids have no idea what's going on in the world. Where I live, 69 percent of the wealth in the United States is owned by the top 10 percent of earners. Therefore, India is similar. However, they like to complain.
这些孩子不知道世界上正在发生什么。在我居住的地方，美国， 69%的财富由收入最高的10%人拥有。 因此，印度也类似。然而，他们却喜欢抱怨。
"You cannot change the beginning,but you can start where you are and change the ending"
“你无法改变开始，但你可以从现在开始改变结局”
Most rich people take tremendous risks and work really, really hard to get to where they are. Once they build wealth, it's only smart for the next generation to build on top of it. And the rich people then invest the money which creates work for others.
大多数富人冒着巨大的风险，并且非常非常努力地工作才能到达他们现在的位置。一旦他们积累了财富，下一代就应该在这些财富的基础上继续发展。 然后富人将钱投资，为他人创造工作。
India's economy is big but it's still nothing compared to it's population. But they are going the right way i believe.
印度的经济规模很大，但与它的人口相比，（经济规模）仍然微不足道。但我相信他们正走在正确的道路。
The reason why India won't become 1st world country.
印度不会成为第一世界国家的原因。
I see so many indian tourists abroad, especially in Thailand. I wonder how they can afford this if the average salary is so low.
我在国外看到很多印度游客，尤其是在泰国。 我想知道如果平均工资这么低，他们如何负担得起这个费用。
If you are earning 25K or more every month then you are in the top 25% of the whole Indian society, this shows how much low wages the normal Indian person makes per month.
如果你每个月收入2万5卢比或者更多，那么你就属于整个印度社会的前25%，这表明普通印度人每月的工资有多低。
Quite informative but I am surprised nobody pointed out corruption as one of the main reasons for this wealth inequality.
（视频）内容非常丰富，但令我惊讶的是，没有人指出腐败是造成这种财富不平等的主要原因之一。
From the outside world, nobody thinks "everyone is relatively well off" in India ���
从外部世界看来，没有人认为在印度“大家都比较富裕”。
Please ask these questions to 30+ ... Below that age most of them are idiots.
请向30岁以上的人问这些问题……低于这个年龄的人大多数都是白痴。
in developed countries people are homeless and in India people are poor
在发达国家，人们无家可归，在印度，人们很贫穷。
Big countries with biggest gap between wealthiest and poorest citizens: India, Brazil, Russia, China, USA���
贫富差距最大的大国：印度、巴西、俄罗斯、中国、美国。
Respect for that doctor!
向这位医生致敬！
I agree with the doctor
我同意医生的观点！
the rich are called rich only because of the existence of poor.
富人之所以被称为富人，是因为穷人的存在。
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