你如何看待印度的民族主义（一）
How do you view Indian nationalism?
译文简介
网友：俄罗斯人怎么看待印度？印度人对俄罗斯的看法非常积极。
对俄罗斯人来说，印度是：这片土地充满了童话和传说，美丽的王子和公主，雄伟的宫殿和仪式，神秘的丛林和强大的动物。在这片土地上，魔法仍然是可能的，世界还没有变得沉闷……
正文翻译
How do you view Indian nationalism?
你如何看待印度的民族主义?
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Should I support nationalism in India?
I will give valid points ,and after that its your choice to support it or not.
Incident in JAPAN-
Once Swami Vivekanand was travelling to the nation and he wanted to eat a particular fruit but he could’nt find it.
Swamiji was talking to himself saying, “It may be possible the fruit was not available in this country.”
A man overheard the words of Swamiji.He ran away and after some time came with a basket full of fruits and offered it to Swamiji.
Then he said “Sir,you can have this fruit,but please don’t say this is not available in our country . In this country everything is available.”
Let us take another example of one and only,USA or United States of America
Almost everybody loves their country and says “God bless America”.
In every movie or serial,American flag is represented.
And we praise them.
But question arises WHY NOT IN INDIA?
Indians are like struggling scientist,always a war within themselves whether or not to support their country or not.People still are in doubt to support their motherland or not.
Various examples come that some people did not stand in National Anthem.What are they trying to prove?
But first we have to understand difference between Patriotism and Nationalism.
The Difference Between patriotism and nationalism is that the patriot is proud of his country for what it does , and the nationalist is proud of his country no matter what it does ; the first attitude creates a feeling of responsibility while the second a feeling of blind arrogance that leads to a war .
Sometimes you need to be a nationalist and every time you need to be a Patriot.
Soldiers are Patriots not nationalists.
In above examples,no Nationalism was shown,but only Patriotism. So,the answer is clear.Don’t be blinded by Nationalism because in America there were rallies opposing Trump too.
I Think You Got your answer.
我应该支持印度的民族主义吗？
我会给出有根据的观点，之后你可以选择是否支持它。
日本事件：
有一次，斯瓦米.维帷卡南达(SwamiVivekananda)去全国旅行，他想吃一种特殊的水果，但他找不到。
斯瓦米姬自言自语地说：“这个国家可能没有这种水果。”
一个男人无意中听到了斯瓦米姬的话，他跑开了，过了一段时间，拿着装满水果的篮子来到斯瓦米姬面前，把水果递给了他。
然后他说：“先生，你可以吃这种水果，但请不要说我们国家没有这种水果。在我们国家，一切都有。”
让我们再举一个唯一的例子，美国
几乎每个人都热爱自己的国家，并说“上帝保佑美国”。
在每一部电影或电视剧中，都有美国国旗的身影。
我们赞扬他们。
但问题来了，为什么印度不是这样的？
印度人就像一位苦苦挣扎的科学家，无论是否支持自己的国家，他们内心总是在打仗。人们仍然拿不定主意是否支持他们的祖国。
一些人在唱国歌时不起立的例子层出不穷。他们想证明什么?
但首先我们必须理解爱国主义和民族主义的区别。
爱国主义和民族主义的区别在于，爱国者为自己的国家所做的（某某）事情感到骄傲，而民族主义者是无论国家做什么，民族主义者都为自己的国家感到骄傲；第一种态度会产生一种责任感，而第二种态度会导致盲目的傲慢，从而导致战争。
有时你需要成为一个民族主义者，而每次你都需要成为一名爱国者。
士兵是爱国者而不是民族主义者。
在上面的例子中，没有表现出民族主义，只有爱国主义。所以，答案很清楚。不要被民族主义蒙蔽了双眼，因为在美国也有反对特朗普的集会。
我想你已经得到了答案。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
Indian nationalism these days is based on a sense of victimhood, with different people claiming to be oppressed at some time or another…so that kind of nationalism is definitely toxic across the board.
So Hindu Right Wing claims it was oppressed by Nehru, and by the British and the Muslims and so on…
Nationalism has good and bad aspects. There are two kinds of bad nationalism…triumphalism, i.e. because England, USA, USSR had these successes, all it did was right, correct and moral. This is bad, but this is still healthier than the victim nationalism you see in India, in Eastern Europe and other parts of the world, because its all about vengeance, at righting past wrongs and all these kinds of evil vicarious emotions.
Indian Muslims in response to this kind of effect are forced to basically hold their tongues and prove they are not atankwadis, that they are moderate and secular. It’s essentially Uncle Tom-ism, and acceptable minority behaviour they are forced into, and the basic idea being spread is that Islam or Christianity or other religions are not part of India. This is basically the worst 19th Century racist nationality. And the issue among Hindus is mass conversion, which is always forced conversion. When that was never the whole story.
The real reason for these tensions is essentially the fact that the Independence movement remains the foundational and representative event for Indians. We never had an Economic Miracle, or a modernist 60s style cultural revolution in India which became a new reference point. So you still have the independence mentality of trying to form a national conciousness and ideal in India, but without the British as an enemy, they turn to other enemies among themselves. So that creates problems.
如今，印度的民族主义是建立在受害者意识的基础上的，不同的人声称在某个时候受到压迫……所以这种民族主义肯定是有害的。
因此，印度教右翼声称自己受到尼赫鲁、英国人和穆斯林等的压迫。
民族主义有好的和坏的方面。其中有两种不良的民族主义，一种是必胜主义，即因为英国、美国、苏联取得了成功，所有他们所做的都是正确的、道德的。这是不好的，但仍然比印度、东欧和世界其他地区出现的受害者民族主义更为健康，因为后者纯粹是关于复仇、纠正过去的错误和所有这些邪恶的替代情感。
面对这种影响，印度穆斯林被迫保持沉默，并证明自己不是“阿塔科瓦迪斯”（指激进分子），他们被迫成为温和派和世俗派的代表。这基本上是“汤姆叔叔主义”，是一种被强加的可接受的少数派行为，传播的基本思想是伊斯兰教、基督教或其他宗教不是印度的一部分。这基本上是19世纪最恶劣的种族主义民族。在印度教徒中存在的问题是大规模皈依，而这种皈依始终是强制性的转化。然而，这并不是事情的全部。
这些紧张关系的真正原因本质上是独立运动仍然是印度人的基础和代表性事件。我们从未有过经济奇迹，也没有在印度发生过现代主义的60年代风格的文化大革命，这成为了一个新的参考点。所以你仍然有独立的心态，试图在印度形成一种民族意识和理想。但如果没有英国人作为敌人，他们就会转向其他敌人。所以这就产生了问题。
What is the general perception about India and Indians around the world?
So recently I went to a dentist for casual cleaning. (In Russia, to be precise)
Before starting the procedure she asked me about my previous visits to doctor. I told her that I had just arrived from India where I had lived for almost three years and I visited dentists regularly there.
The doctor became very curious. The first question that came out of her mouth:
“Oh they have dentists there?!”
If I were invisible I would have facepalmed.
But I just replied her:
“Of course, there are dentists there.”
Then I got to the chair and my torture (less physical than intellectual) began.
The lady continued asking me the following:
“How did you live there for 3 years? It must have been so dirty there…”
“You must have gone there for meditation and stuff, right?”
“Did you swim in the ocean every day?”
“I heard that Indians clean their butts with left hand after toilet… Did you do that too?!”
“Did you wear sari always?”
“What is their religion? Christians? Oh wait… I remember, they all are Buddhists, right?”
So I wasn’t really able to reply anything meaningful.
All this time I spent in utter shock that these stereotypical ill-informed ideas about India are still so strong that a well-educated person can come up with such silly questions. I am afraid this is what a common Russian thinks about India, unless they take a special interest in Indian culture and history.
对印度和全世界印度人的普遍看法是什么？
所以最近我去牙医那里做了一次临时清洁。（准确地说，在俄罗斯）
在开始清洁程序之前，她问我以前去看医生的情况。我告诉她，我刚从印度来，在那里我住了将近三年，我经常去那里看牙医。
医生变得很好奇。她说出的第一个问题是：
“哦，那里有牙医？！”
如果我是隐形人，我就会捂着脸。
但我只是回答她：
“当然有，那里有牙医。”
然后我坐到椅子上，开始了我的煎熬（与其说是身体上的煎熬，不如说是智力上的煎熬）。
这位女士继续问我以下问题：
“你怎么在那里住了三年？那里一定很脏……”
“你一定是去那里搞冥想之类的，对吧？”
“你每天都在海里游泳吗？”
“我听说印度人上完厕所后用左手擦屁股……你也这么做了吗？！”
“你总是穿纱丽吗？”
“他们的宗教是什么？基督徒？哦，等等……我记得，他们都是佛教徒，对吧？”
所以我真的没能回答任何有意义的事情。
在这段时间里，我震惊地发现，这些关于印度的刻板印象仍然如此强烈，以至于一个受过良好教育的人可以提出如此愚蠢的问题。恐怕这就是普通俄罗斯人对印度的看法，除非他们对印度的文化和历史特别感兴趣（才有别的看法）。
What do Russians think about India? As indians view russia very positively.
For Russians, India is:
The land of fairy tales and legends, beautiful princes and princesses, majestic palaces and ceremonies, mystical jungle and mighty animals. It is the land where magic is still possible, and the world has not become dull yet.
The spiritual source. The territory of yogi and wise old men. The place where you can go and find peace in your own soul. The country where people still retain the old secrets of the world. Russians are traditionally very serious about spiritual life. Unfortunately, today our own roots within the Orthodox church are lost for the most of us. So we often go to India in search of answers to eternal questions.
The country of warm weather and welcoming nature, which is great to hide into during our own harsh winter.
The country of poor, but happy people. Where every one is smiling, and people don't bother too much if they are not rich. Where nobody is in a hurry, and people know how to live their lives.
俄罗斯人怎么看待印度？印度人对俄罗斯的看法非常积极。
对俄罗斯人来说，印度是：
这片土地充满了童话和传说，美丽的王子和公主，雄伟的宫殿和仪式，神秘的丛林和强大的动物。在这片土地上，魔法仍然是可能的，世界还没有变得沉闷。
精神源泉。瑜伽修行者和智者的领地。在那里你可以找到内心的平静。这个国家的人们仍然保留着世界的古老秘密。传统上，俄罗斯人非常重视精神生活。不幸的是，今天我们大多数人都失去了自己在东正教会的根基。所以我们经常去印度寻找永恒问题的答案。
这个国家气候温暖，自然风光宜人，在我们自己的严冬里，这是一个很好的藏身之地。
这个国家贫穷，但人民幸福。在那里，每个人都面带微笑，如果不富有，人们也不会太在意。那里没有人匆匆忙忙，人们知道如何生活。
What do British people think about India?
I am an Indian who lived in Britain for more than 10 years and this is what my manager who was English thought about India:
why Indians visit Britain for holiday when India is the most beautiful place in the world.
Felt Slumdog Millionaire shouldn't have been made.
Did not understand why Bollywood has a lot of western style of music when we have such a rich traditional Indian music.
英国人怎么看待印度？
我是一名印度人，在英国生活了10多年，这就是我的英国经理对印度的看法：
印度是世界上最美丽的地方，为什么印度人要去英国度假呢?
感觉《贫民窟的百万富翁》不应该被制作出来。
不明白为什么宝莱坞弄这么多西方风格的音乐，要知道我们原本就有着如此丰富的传统印度音乐。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
How do Arabs view Indians, Pakistanis and Bangladeshis?
This has changed dramatically with time and varies across specific Arab countries.
In the post-colonial period, people in the Levant were smitten with Nehru; he represented, together with Nasser and Tito, an example of a proud Third Worldist way forward. This also applied for a time to Zulfikar Ali Bhutto. I think this helped boost the popularity of Bollywood movies. For a time in the 1960s and 1970s in Palestine, good looking people would be said to "look like Indians" (this was related to me by an individual who lived that era).
In the Gulf in particular, India was also the gateway to modernity for a long time. Many of the merchant families had strong connections to Indian trading towns, like Hyderabad and Bangalore and of course all across the Malabar coast. Some Kuwaiti merchant families had branches who lived in Bombay, which at one point was a site of Kuwaiti traditional pearl diving music. (Read about Abdullah Al Faraj and Abdullah Fadala; I can only find lixs in Arabic, sadly). One other artefact is that many patrician Kuwaiti families have daughters named "Bibi". You can also still meet people from the UAE and Bahrain who speak English with an Indian accent.
With the oil boom of the 1970s, the Gulf states discovered that they could import en masse huge populations of Indians to basically make their states function and to replace the more politically restive Arab expatriates who had previously been doing that job. This was a turning point: where once the Indian had been the administrator, merchant and doctor, "Indian" quickly became a byword for the man who washed your car for change in the dollar. That had a lot of consequences in many ways. It went further than the Gulf, and led to a change of attitudes about Indians in the Levant, Egypt and Palestine/Jordan.
It's important to note that in countries, like Qatar, where there is a significant Desi population, that people distinguish between, say, the Keralan cab driver and office worker and the Patan construction worker: both have stereotypes surrounding them in terms of how far they can be trusted, etc.
I would say that Indian aesthetics and culture are today making a come back: the growing importance of Dubai--which is a pretty Indian city, in many ways--means that people across the Arab world are acquiring Indian tastes in, for example, jewellery. Also, the pan-Arab MBC television network recently launched an Arabic dubbed channel devoted to Bollywood.
One quickly rising problem: India is increasingly seen as a chauvinist, Hindu supremacist menace draped in orange (see, for example, the cases of Indian Muslims being killed for allegedly eating beef). Added to this: Arabs today increasingly see themselves as being Muslim first. This might in some time come to improve Arab-Pakistani or Arab-Bangladeshi relations, but not just yet.
A lot of Arabs are also very impressed with what India has achieved in the fields of engineering, science, medicine and education, but probably still view the Subcontinent as third tier after the US and Europe in these fields.
So, I tried to be honest, succinct, polite and to the point. Have a good day!
阿拉伯人如何看待印度人、巴基斯坦人和孟加拉人？
随着时间的推移，这种情况发生了巨大变化，在特定的阿拉伯国家也有所不同。
在后殖民时期，黎凡特人被尼赫鲁迷住了；他与纳赛尔和蒂托一起代表了自豪的第三世界主义前进道路的典范。这也曾一度适用于佐勒菲卡尔·阿里·布托。我认为这有助于提高宝莱坞电影的受欢迎程度。在20世纪60年代和70年代的一段时间里，在巴勒斯坦，长得好看的人会被说成“看起来像印度人”(这是一个生活在那个时代的人告诉我的)。
特别是在海湾地区，印度在很长一段时间内也是通往现代化的门户。许多商人家族与印度的贸易城镇有着密切的联系，比如海得拉巴和班加罗尔，当然还有整个马拉巴尔海岸。一些科威特商人家庭在孟买有分支机构，孟买一度是科威特传统采珠音乐的发源地。（阅读关于阿卜杜拉·法拉吉和阿卜杜拉·法达拉的文章；遗憾的是，我只能找到阿拉伯语的链接）。另一件事是，许多科威特贵族家庭的女儿都叫“比比（Bibi）”。你也可以遇到来自阿联酋和巴林的人，他们说着带有印度口音的英语。
随着20世纪70年代的石油繁荣，海湾国家发现他们可以大量引进印度人来基本维持国家的运转，并取代以前从事这项工作的政治上更不稳定的阿拉伯侨民。这是一个转折点：印度人曾经是行政人员、商人和医生，“印度人”很快就成了为你洗车换美元的人的代名词。这在很多方面产生了很多后果。它不仅局限于海湾地区，还导致了对黎凡特、埃及和巴勒斯坦/约旦的印度人态度发生了变化。
值得注意的是，在像卡塔尔这样有大量德西族人口的国家，人们会区分开来，比如喀拉拉邦的出租车司机和办公室职员，以及帕坦的建筑工人:他们都有自己的刻板印象，比如他们能在多大程度上被信任，等等。
我想说的是，印度的美学和文化如今正在回归：迪拜在许多方面都是一个美丽的印度城市，它的重要性与日俱增，意味着整个阿拉伯世界的人们都在追求印度人的品味，比如珠宝。此外，泛阿拉伯的MBC电视网最近推出了一个专门播放宝莱坞的阿拉伯语配音频道。
一个迅速出现的问题：印度越来越被视为沙文主义者、披着橙色外衣的印度教至上主义者的威胁(例如，印度穆斯林因据称吃牛肉而被杀害的案例)。此外，今天的阿拉伯人越来越认为自己首先是穆斯林。这可能会在某个时候改善阿拉伯-巴基斯坦或阿拉伯-孟加拉国的关系，但不是现在。
许多阿拉伯人也对印度在工程、科学、医学和教育领域取得的成就印象深刻，但可能仍然认为印度次大陆在这些领域是仅次于美国和欧洲的第三梯队。
所以，我尽量做到诚实、简洁、礼貌、切中要害。祝你一天愉快!
How do New Zealanders view Indians?
I’ve lived the first half of my life in India and the second half in New Zealand.
On arriving here three decades ago the first thing that struck me was the way you got treated. Just as a friend, a neighbour, a newcomer, a versatile person wanting to embed in this culture and be part of this social structure. That feeling has not gone.
I came with all the emotional and financial baggage that most Indians carry as a gift. Pretty soon these baggages dissipated and vanished. I discovered that straight hard work, an honest clean deal, a casual friendly approach was better than the protocol of race, colour and ‘keeping up with the Jones” then prent in India. It was not all milk and honey the first few years. There were some Kiwis who looked on Indian businessmen as shifty and aggressive. In those times not many Indians moved into rural areas so we stuck out like sore thumbs. In the bigger city more Indians settled and there was less hassle. Small town behaviour persisted for some time but it is definitely not so pronounced now.
新西兰人如何看待印度人？
我的前半辈子生活在印度，后半辈子生活在新西兰。
三十年前，当我来到这里时，第一件让我震惊的事是你被对待的方式。就像一个朋友，一个邻居，一个新来者，一个想要融入这个文化并成为这个社会结构一部分的多才多艺的人。这种感觉并没有消失。
我带着大多数印度人作为礼物携带的所有情感和经济方面的包袱来了。很快，这些包袱就消散了。我发现，直接努力工作、诚实干净的交易、随意友好的方式，比当时在印度盛行的种族、肤色和“攀比”的礼节要好得多。最初的几年并不是一帆风顺的。有一些新西兰人认为印度商人狡猾而好斗。在那个时候，没有多少印度人搬到农村地区，所以我们很显眼。在更大的城市里，更多的印度人定居下来，也没有那么麻烦。小城镇的行为持续了一段时间，但现在肯定不那么明显了。
Indians from India were quickly differentiated from other brands of Indians. There were Fiji Indians, Malaysian, Singaporean, Mauritian, British, Jamaican, West Indian, South Arican and others from smaller countries. Yet the Indian from India stood out as more qualified and cosmopolitan.
As more Indians came in the ‘acceptance culture’ turned friendlier than before. There were no threats, no disharmony and it was a much better place to be.
Now 3 decades later it is a changed environment. You see Indians everywhere. In politics, sports, education, IT, top management, dairy farming, forestry, fishing, teaching, trading, manufacturing, tourism, worship and cultural festivals. Diwali has became a major drawcard and just as good as Christmas celebrations. Indian costumes and designs are everywhere. Indian food is everywhere too. Three decades ago there were only 4 good restaurants in Auckland and now there are near to 8000! That says something.
在城市生活中，我们发现像我们这样的印度人融合得很好。尽管大多数人在街角的奶牛场从事着卑微的工作，但他们比其他人工作得更努力。到第一个十年结束时，印度学生的成绩迅速上升，进入了大量的奖学金项目，进入了中层管理层，并享受了新西兰提供的所有设施。印度人开始出现在高尔夫球场、游泳池、海滩、钓鱼、划船和体育运动、教育，大学、时尚和美食方面崭露头角。
来自印度的印度人很快就与打上其它地区烙印的印度人区分开来：有斐济印度人和来自马来西亚、新加坡、毛里求斯、英国、牙买加、西印度群岛、南阿里坎和其他来自较小国家的印度人。然而，来自印度的印度人显得更加合格和国际化。
随着越来越多的印度人加入“接纳文化”，他们变得比以前更加友好。没有威胁，没有不和谐，这是一个更好的地方。
30年后的今天，环境发生了变化。印度人随处可见。在政治、体育、教育、IT、高层管理、奶牛养殖、林业、渔业、教学、贸易、制造业、旅游、宗教和文化节日。排灯节已经成为一个主要的吸引人的活动，和圣诞节庆祝活动一样好。印度的服装和设计随处可见。印度菜也随处可见。30年前奥克兰只有4家好餐馆，现在有近8000家!这说明了一些事情。
Kiwis marry Indians often. They see an Indian wife as stable, caring for family and children and enterprising and resourceful.
Large numbers of Kiwis travel to India and return with glowing comments on the culture and kindness of Indians wherever they went. Bollywood dance classes have sprung up in several centres. Yoga is popular. Indian students mix freely with Kiwis in all school rankings. Indian Indians seem to get the best jobs first!
In all, these two cultures have found common ground to grow together
The future looks bright for both sides.
Edit 1: Never expected this answer to generate such a large readership and that many upvotes.
Edit 2: The new immigration policy has disadvantaged thousands of Indian students from studying here. No one is to blame. Kiwis don’t like devious ways and many Indians were found to use such short-cuts. This has resulted in a complete reversal of easy student visas. In the last 6 months alone more than 15,000 visas were declined or not extended.
Things will eventually improve for those wishing to settle here but be warned. Finding a job, buying a house, getting into the best schools have also rapidly changed. The cost of housing is prohibitive, finding a suitable job is even tougher. Do your homework before you land up and get a shock!
印度人足智多谋，富有进取心。
新西兰人经常和印度人结婚。他们认为印度妻子稳定，照顾家庭和孩子，有进取心，足智多谋。
大量的新西兰人去印度旅游，无论他们去哪里，都对印度人的文化和善良赞不绝口。宝莱坞舞蹈课程在几个中心如雨后春笋般涌现。瑜伽很受欢迎。在所有学校的排名中，印度学生和新西兰学生自由地混在一起。印度人似乎最先得到最好的工作!
总之，这两种文化找到了共同发展的基础
双方的前景都很光明。
编辑1：从来没有想到这个答案会有这么多的读者和得到这么多的赞。
编辑2：新的移民政策使成千上万的印度学生在这里学习处于不利地位。没有人应该受到指责。新西兰人不喜欢迂回的方式，许多印度人被发现采纳这种捷径。这导致了学生签证的获取容易程度彻底逆转。仅在过去6个月里，就有超过1.5万份签证被拒签或延期。
对于那些希望在这里定居的人来说，情况最终会有所改善，但要注意，找工作、买房、进入最好的学校方面的形势也发生了迅速的变化。住房成本高得令人望而却步，找到一份合适的工作更是难上加难，在你落地之前做好准备工作。