A Venezuelan migrant watches the boat he hopes to take across the Gulf of Urabá once he gets enough money together for the trip. Carlos Villalon for NPR

卡洛斯-维拉隆（Carlos Villalon）为国家公共电台报道一名委内瑞拉移民看着穿越乌拉巴湾的船，他希望在筹集到足够的钱后乘船。

NECOCLÍ, Colombia — The wharf in this town on Colombia's Caribbean coast used to be packed with migrants from all over the world boarding boats to take them across the bay to the start of the Darien Jungle.

内科克利（NECOCLÍ）-这个位于哥伦比亚加勒比海岸的小镇的码头曾经挤满了来自世界各地的移民，他们乘船穿过海湾，前往达里恩(Darien Jungle)丛林的起点。

A thick, roadless patch of rainforest on Colombia's border with Panama, the Darien Jungle has become a harrowing passageway for hundreds of thousands of people headed for the United States without a visa to enter.
But this flow of migrants has started to abate.

达里恩丛林(Darien Jungle)位于哥伦比亚与巴拿马的边境，是一片茂密的、没有道路的热带雨林，它已经成为成千上万没有签证就前往美国的人的痛苦之路。
但这股移民潮已经开始减弱。

Migrants primarily from Venezuela are on a beach in the town of Necoclí, Colombia. They will stay until they come up with the $350 it costs for a boat ride across the Gulf of Urabá to the Colombian town of Acandí. Carlos Villalon for NPR

主要来自委内瑞拉的移民在哥伦比亚内科克利（Necoclí）镇的一个海滩上。他们将一直呆在这里，直到他们凑够350美元的费用，乘船穿越乌拉巴海湾，到达哥伦比亚的阿坎迪镇（Acandí）。卡洛斯-维拉隆（Carlos Villalon）为国家公共电台报道

Last month, the Biden administration replaced pandemic-era border restrictions with new rules for entering the U.S. that are, in some ways, tougher on migrants. Now, those caught entering the U.S. without a visa could face criminal prosecution and a five-year ban from reentering the country. Those seeking asylum must first prove they were denied asylum in a country they traveled through on their way to the U.S.
U.N. officials tell NPR that before the new rules took hold on May 11, between 1,000 and 1,500 migrants were crossing the Darien Jungle every day. Now, they say, that number has dropped to between 500 and 700.

上个月，拜登政府用新的入境规定取代了新冠疫情时期的边境限制，在某些方面，这些规定对移民更加严厉。现在，那些没有签证进入美国的人可能面临刑事起诉和五年内禁止入境的禁令。那些寻求庇护的人必须首先证明他们被在前往美国的途中所经过的国家所拒绝庇护。
联合国官员告诉美国国家公共广播电台，在5月11日新规定生效之前，每天有1000至1500名移民穿梭在达里恩丛林。现在，他们说这个数字已经下降到500到700之间。

Natalie Vásquez, who manages one of the main ferry services in Necoclí, immediately felt the impact. She says her ticket sales to boat passengers heading to the Darien have dropped by half.
"The reduction started right on May 11," she says.
The changes are also visible on Necoclí's waterfront. It used to be packed with migrants, who couldn't afford hotels, camping out in tents as they prepared to cross the jungle. Now, most of the tents are gone and tourists have reclaimed the sandy beaches.

娜塔莉·巴斯克斯（Natalie Vásquez）管理着内科克利的一家主要渡轮服务公司，她立即感受到了这种影响。她说，她所售出的前往达里恩河的的船票从5月11日就开始减少，已经减少了一半。
这些变化在内科克利的海滨也很明显。这里曾经挤满了住不起旅馆的移民，他们在帐篷里露营，准备穿越丛林。现在，大多数帐篷都不见了，游客们已经开垦了沙滩。

A view of the Necoclí beach where mainly Venezuelan migrants are staying. Carlos Villalon for NPR

委内瑞拉移民居住的内科克利Necoclí海滩的景色。
卡洛斯-维拉隆（Carlos Villalon）为国家公共电台报道

A Venezuelan girl collects water from a fountain in the town of Necoclí. Carlos Villalon for NPR

一个委内瑞拉女孩在内科克利镇的一个喷泉中取水。
卡洛斯-维拉隆（Carlos Villalon）为国家公共电台报道

At a shop in the town center, Edis Quintero is trying to hawk secondhand winter jackets, sweaters and roller suitcases he purchased from migrants who needed cash and wanted to lighten their loads for the jungle. But on a recent afternoon, Quintero had no customers.
Another merchant, Javier Soto, who sells rubber boots, flashlights and portable stoves to jungle-bound migrants, says his sales had been booming but, in recent weeks, suddenly dropped off. He adds: "The town seems empty."

在市中心的一家商店里，埃迪斯-金特罗（Edis Quintero）正试图兜售他从移民那里购买的二手冬季夹克、毛衣和滚筒行李箱，这些移民需要现金，并且减轻他们在丛林中的前行的负重。但在最近的一个下午，金特罗完全没有顾客。
另一位向丛林移民出售胶靴、手电筒和便携式炉灶的商人哈维尔·索托(Javier Soto)说，他的销售额一直很好，但最近几周突然下降了。他补充道:“这个小镇似乎空无一人。”

But this lull may be temporary because the factors driving migration are getting worse across much of South America, says César Zúñiga, who is in charge of emergency management for the Necoclí town government.

但是内科克利镇政府负责应急管理的塞萨尔-苏尼加（César Zúñiga）说，但这种平静可能是暂时的，因为推动移民的因素在南美洲大部分地区越来越糟糕。

Venezuela remains mired in an economic crisis that has prompted more than 7 million people to flee the country since 2015. Ecuador is plagued by gang violence and drug-related crime while in Peru, the arrest of former President Pedro Castillo led to months of protests that paralyzed the economy.
As a result, Zúñiga says: "We are preparing for another surge in migrants."
Although their numbers are down, there remains a steady flow of migrants through Necoclí.

委内瑞拉仍然深陷经济危机，自2015年以来，已有700多万人逃离该国。厄瓜多尔深受帮派暴力和毒品犯罪的困扰，而在秘鲁，前总统佩德罗·卡斯蒂略(Pedro Castillo)被捕引发了持续数月的抗议活动，导致经济瘫痪。
因此，苏尼加（Zúñiga）说："我们正在准备迎接移民的再次激增"。
虽然他们的人数有所下降，但仍有稳定的移民流经内科克利。

Migrants, most from Venezuela, board a boat that will take them to the towns of either Acandí or Capurganá, depending on which route they choose to cross in the Darien Jungle. Carlos Villalon for NPR

大多数来自委内瑞拉的移民登上一艘船，这艘船将把他们带到阿坎迪（Acandí）或卡普尔加纳（capurgan）镇，这取决于他们在达里恩丛林中选择哪条路线。
卡洛斯-维拉隆（Carlos Villalon）为国家公共电台报道

On the wharf on a recent morning, boat passengers strapped on life jackets, wrapped their luggage in plastic, gulped water and bought last-minute food supplies. Most are migrants from Venezuela but there's a smattering of Africans, Chinese, Ecuadorians and Haitians.

最近一个早晨，在码头上，船客们穿上救生衣，用塑料袋包裹行李，大口喝水，并购买最后一刻的食品供应。大多数是来自委内瑞拉的移民，但也有一些非洲人、中国人、厄瓜多尔人和海地人。

They're a nervous bunch because the most daunting part of their journey lies just ahead. They'll spend up to a week on foot hiking through the Darien Jungle to the first village on the Panamanian side of the border.

他们非常紧张，因为他们旅程中最艰巨的部分就在前方。他们将花一周的时间徒步穿越达里恩丛林，到达巴拿马边境一侧的第一个村庄。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处


"We bought medicine and are preparing ourselves psychologically so there will be no surprises in the jungle," says Reiler Peña, 35, who sold used cars in the Venezuelan city of Valencia until the country's economic crisis forced him to leave. To get in shape, he says, "I was climbing the hills outside of Valencia. I trained every weekend."

"我们买了药，正在做心理准备，以便在丛林里不会有任何意外。“现年35岁的雷勒-佩尼亚（Reiler Peña）说，他在委内瑞拉的巴伦西亚市卖二手车，直到该国的经济危机迫使他离开。他说，为了保持身材，“我在瓦伦西亚郊外爬山。我每个周末都有训练。”

But even the most robust travelers can run into trouble. Hundreds of people have been robbed or raped, and some have drowned in fast-flowing rivers, in the Darien Jungle. Officially, 36 migrants died there last year but the U.N. International Organization for Migration says anecdotal evidence points to many more fatalities whose remains were neither recovered nor reported.

但是，即使是最健壮的旅行者也会遇到麻烦。在达里恩丛林，数百人被抢劫或强奸，有些人在湍急的河流中溺水身亡。据官方统计，去年有36名移民在那里死亡，但联合国国际移民组织表示，有传闻指出有更多的人死亡，他们的遗体既没有被找到也没有被报告。

Rafael Guerrero, with a blue towel under his hat, a migrant from the state of Lara, Venezuela, sells empanadas in the town of Necoclí. Carlos Villalon for NPR

来自委内瑞拉拉腊州的移民拉斐尔-格雷罗(Rafael Guerrero)在内科克利镇卖肉馅卷饼，他的帽子下垫着一条蓝色毛巾。
卡洛斯-维拉隆（Carlos Villalon）为国家公共电台报道

Migrants play a ball game on the beach. Carlos Villalon for NPR

移民们在海滩上玩球。
卡洛斯-维拉隆（Carlos Villalon）为国家公共电台报道
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处


However, migrants are so desperate to get to the U.S. that, last year, nearly a quarter of a million people braved the route. That was a record amount of migrant traffic through a region once deemed so dangerous and impenetrable that engineers who were building the Pan-American Highway, that runs from Alaska to Patagonia, gave up, leaving the 60-mile-wide "Darien Gap."

然而，移民们如此迫切地想要前往美国，以至于去年有近25万人冒着生命危险前往美国。这是移民通过这一地区的创纪录数量，这一地区曾经被认为是如此危险和难以穿越，以至于工程师们都放弃了修建从阿拉斯加到巴塔哥尼亚的泛美公路，留下了60英里宽的“达里恩峡谷”。

Among those buying ferry tickets in Necoclí was an Ecuadorian bus driver who says he left his homeland after he was threatened by gang members demanding extortion payments.

在内科克利购买渡船票的人中有一位厄瓜多尔巴士司机，他说他是在受到黑帮成员要求支付勒索费的威胁后离开祖国的。

"They pulled a knife on me twice because I didn't want to pay them off," says the bus driver, who doesn't want to give his name for security reasons. "I was really scared. That's why I fled."

"他们两次拿刀指着我，因为我不想付钱给他们，"这位巴士司机说，出于安全原因，他不想透露自己的名字。"我当时真的很害怕。这就是我离开的原因。”

Farther down the beach, Rudy Heredia explains that she fled her native Venezuela five years ago and resettled in Peru. There, she sold empanadas while her husband worked construction. But protests and roadblocks following the arrest of former President Castillo cut off the flow of building supplies to much of the country and her husband lost his construction job.

在海滩的更远处，鲁迪-埃雷迪亚解释说，她五年前逃离了她的祖国委内瑞拉，在秘鲁重新定居。在那里，她卖肉馅卷饼，而她的丈夫从事建筑工作。但是，在前总统卡斯蒂略被捕后，抗议活动和路障切断了通往该国大部分地区的建筑供应，她的丈夫失去了建筑工作。

"We were getting desperate so we decided to get out," she says.

她说："我们越来越绝望了，所以我们决定离开。”

Migrants look out at the bay toward the hills of the Darien from the town of Necoclí. Carlos Villalon for NPR

移民们从内科克利镇望向海湾，向达里安的山丘望去。
卡洛斯-维拉隆（Carlos Villalon）为国家公共电台报道

For Heredia and other migrants here in Necoclí, their pathway to the north seems especially daunting. First, they must make it across the Darien Jungle in one piece. Then, they have to travel through a half-dozen countries to the Mexican-U.S. border. After all that, they'll need to navigate the onerous new U.S. immigration rules.

对于埃雷迪亚和其他在内科克利的移民来说，他们通往北方的道路似乎特别艰巨。首先，他们必须完整地穿过达里恩丛林。然后，他们必须穿过六个国家，到达墨西哥和美国边境。在这一切之后，他们还需要遵守繁重的美国新移民规定。

Still, none of this has stopped Lewis Flores, who is heading north with several fellow Venezuelans. He says: "Even if we get deported from the U.S. five times, we will come back five times."

然而，这些都没有阻止路易斯·弗洛雷斯(Lewis Flores)和几名委内瑞拉同胞向北进发。他说:“即使我们被美国驱逐五次，我们也会回来五次。”