QA问答：在国际象棋比赛中，白棋先走一步是种族主义吗？
Is it racist that white makes the first move in a game of chess?
译文简介
嗯，这是一种很轻的种族主义形式，至少黑人可以参与比赛，而且在很多情况下，甚至还能获胜。
如果你想听到一些非常糟糕的东西，以我为例：我从不使用黑色牙膏，我总是写在白纸上，我甚至不喝牛奶，除非它是完全白色的（有一次，我的牛奶里漂浮着一种不明黑色的东西，我把它舀了出来！如果那不是种族主义，我不知道是什么）。
正文翻译
Is it racist that white makes the first move in a game of chess?
在国际象棋比赛中，白棋先走一步是种族主义吗？
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It is not just racist, it is also sexist. See, the poor queen has to do most of the work while the king just stays idle most of the time. And when the king is gone, the game is done.
It is elitist and capitalist. See the poor pawns who are being sacrificed by the bourgeoisie pieces. Down with you rich bastards!
It is evangelist and theist. I mean, what is a bishop doing in my board?
It is Manichaeist - believing that everything is black and white, while life is an infinite shade of gray.
这不仅是种族主义，也是性别歧视。看，可怜的女王必须做大部分工作，而国王大部分时间都无所事事。当国王狗带，游戏就结束了。
它是精英主义和资本主义。看看被资产阶级的棋子牺牲的可怜的棋子。打倒你们这些有钱的混蛋！
它是福音派和有神论者。我的意思是，主教在我的董事会做什么？
摩尼教教徒相信一切都是黑白的，而生活是一种无限的灰色阴影。
It is imperialist and not pacifist. See you are warmongering and killing armies. You bloodthirsty people. It is probably even atavist and extremist.
It is anachronist - fighting with cavalry, siege weapons and elephants. Are we living in medi India, China or Persia? Get on the machine guns, helicopters and missiles, guys. I would seriously love a nuclear weapon - once one side gets there, game over ;-)
It is also squarist. I mean, why is it all squares? Why not circles or triangles, for Pete's sake?
这是确定的——没有机会或运气的余地。
这是帝国主义，而不是和平主义。看，你在煽动战争，屠杀军队。你们这些嗜血的人。它甚至可能是返祖主义者和极端主义者。
这是不合时宜的——用骑兵、攻城武器和大象作战。我们生活在中世纪的印度、中国还是波斯？伙计们，快装上机关枪、直升机和导弹。我真的很喜欢核武器——一旦一方到达那里，游戏结束。
它也是方形的。我的意思是，为什么都是正方形？看在皮特的份上，为什么不画圆形或三角形呢？
Well, that is a very light form of racism, at least black does get to play, and in many cases, even win.
If you want to hear some of the really bad stuff, take me for example: I never use black toothpaste, I always write on white paper, and I went as far as to not consume milk unless it was perfectly white (one time, there was an unidentified black thing floating in my milk, and I scooped it out! If that's not racism, I don't know what is).
嗯，这是一种很轻的种族主义形式，至少黑人可以参与比赛，而且在很多情况下，甚至还能获胜。
如果你想听到一些非常糟糕的东西，以我为例：我从不使用黑色牙膏，我总是写在白纸上，我甚至不喝牛奶，除非它是完全白色的（有一次，我的牛奶里漂浮着一种不明黑色的东西，我把它舀了出来！如果那不是种族主义，我不知道是什么）。
此外，我还想指出一个非常令人担忧的问题：Quora网站使用的白色比黑色多得多。看看所有的白色背景和黑色小文本像素。太离谱了！我想这就是为什么人们一直在这里写作、写作和写作的原因，通过用黑色字符占据空白空间来减少种族主义。
Is it racist that red goes before black in checkers? They say fire before smoke. Is it racist that the White House is white. Is it racist that there are black colleges but not “white colleges. Are white birds racist? I could go on and on about this nonsense . None of those things are racist, yet in todays society, people are turning the most innocent things racist or offensive and frankly its childish and getting old fast.
跳棋中红先于黑是种族主义吗？他们说先火后烟。白宫是白色的是种族主义者吗？有黑人大学而没有“白人大学”，这是种族主义吗？白鸟是种族主义者吗？我可以不停地谈论这些无稽之谈。这些事情都不是种族主义，但在当今社会，人们正在把最无辜的事情变成种族主义或冒犯性的，坦率地说，这是幼稚的，很快就会衰老。
If so, it would be equally racist if black got to make the first move.
如果是这样的话，如果黑色先走一步，也同样是种族主义。
The question is based on a false premise. "White" or "black" does not move in chess. The player with the white pieces moves first and that player can be of any race. Also, in competitive chess players alternative colors, so in any tournament everyone has the same opportunity to start first.
Chess one of the most equal-opportunity games around. It doesn't require access to rich schools and neighborhoods or expensive equipment. You don't need a horse (polo) or pay greens fees (golf). It is purely mental. It is played by rich and poor. Even those with disabilities are on equal terms. Blind (or blindfolded) tournament participants are quite common and are part of the tradition of the game.
这个问题基于一个错误的前提。“白”或“黑”在国际象棋中都不动，先动的是使用白色棋子的人，这个人可以是任何种族的人。此外，在国际象棋比赛中，选手可以选择不同的颜色，所以在任何比赛中，每个人都有同样的机会先开始。
国际象棋是机会最均等的游戏之一。它不需要进入富裕的学校和社区，也不需要昂贵的设备。你不需要马（马球）或支付果岭费（高尔夫）。这是纯粹的智力游戏。富人和穷人都能玩。即使是残疾人也享有平等待遇。盲人（或蒙着眼睛）参加比赛的人很常见，也是比赛传统的一部分。
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此外，如果你想制作关于游戏的社会故事，它更多的应该是基于阶级而非种族。请注意，棋子中最弱和最常见的棋子几乎总是最先移动的，而皇后移动的时间要晚得多，而国王通常在游戏结束前都不会移动（除了是为了保护）。因此，如果任何东西最先移动都代表着较低的阶级地位，不是特权阶级。
As many have made it clear that "Chess is not racist" through their witty sarcasm tinged answers.... i would just like to throw in a fresh perspective -
Yes, may be the creators of the great game of Chess were racist.
May be black pieces in Chess do represent the dark complexioned races of the world and the white pieces do represent the remaining fair complexioned(so called superior) ones.....
but then may be Chess teaches one of the best lessons to the world of today :
"At the end of the game, all the pieces go into the same box"
Clearly a game is not racist. It depends on how we choose to play it.
正如许多人通过他们诙谐讽刺的回答清楚地表明“国际象棋不是种族主义的”……我只想提出一个新的观点：
是的，也许国际象棋这个伟大游戏的创造者是种族主义者。
也许国际象棋中的黑色棋子确实代表了世界上肤色较深的种族，而白色棋子则代表了其余肤色较浅（所谓的高级）的种族……
但也许国际象棋给当今世界上最好的教训之一是：
游戏结束时，所有棋子都会被放在同一个盒子里。
显然，一个游戏不是种族主义。一切取决于我们选择玩它的方式。
One could argue to the contrary, because being forced to move the white first, while the blacks sit and watch sounds like slavery, limitation of freedom, negation of rights, black supremacy. So, you see? Both whites and blacks are unhappy withe the chess rules. For this reason, many have given up playing chess in favor of playing the racism card game: the only known game where the player, be it white or black or yellow, always wins. It is a pretty boring game, but so are the people who play it.
有人可能会提出相反的观点，因为被迫首先移动白色的，而黑色的坐在那里观望，听起来像是奴隶制、限制自由、否定权利、黑人至上。所以，你看到了吗？白人和黑人都对国际象棋规则不满。出于这个原因，许多人放弃下棋，转而玩种族主义纸牌游戏：这是唯一的一个已经被知道的，无论是白人、黑人、黄种人，都能获胜的游戏。这是一个很无聊的游戏，玩它的人也是。
If chess pieces were pink and blue, would it be sexist if pink was allowed to play first, because pink is a more girlish colour?
No.
It's just a simple choice, one of the two colours had to be chosen.
It is wrong to think that any choice involving white or black will ultimately end up being categorised as racist.
如果棋子是粉色和蓝色的，如果允许粉色先下走，会不会有性别歧视，因为粉色更像女孩子的颜色？
不是的。
这只是一个简单的选择，必须选出两种颜色。
认为任何涉及白或黑的选择最终都会被归类为种族主义者是错误的。
In modern India may be we can set this right, by allowing two moves of the black and only one move for the whites, in order to improve the position of suppressed blacks from so many years :P :D !!!
在现代印度，也许我们可以通过允许黑色动两步，白色只允许动一步来纠正这一点，以便改善多年来被压制的黑人的地位，：P ：D！！！
In addition to what Balaji Viswanathan (பாலாஜி விஸ்வநாதன்) said, I would add a few more valuable points.
Chess is not only sexist but also "Polygamist" as one king can have as many as nine queens. If one is killed promote the pawn to make a new queen.
To worsen the scene its also "Male Chauvinist" - nine queens for a single king who does no work. "Castle" is built to protect the coward king and poor queens fight to capture the enemy pieces.
我想补充一些更有价值的观点。
国际象棋不仅涉及性别歧视，而且是“一夫多妻制”，因为一个国王可以有多达九个皇后。如果皇后被杀，可以将兵提升成为新皇后。
更糟糕的是，还有“男性沙文主义”——九个皇后为了一个不工作的国王。“城堡”是为了保护胆小的国王和可怜的皇后，他们为了夺取敌人的碎片而战斗。
More hilarious, his death should be warned beforehand - "Check"
Nevertheless, this game has positive side too.
"Feminist" - the strongest and most powerful piece is called queen.
"Humanist" - the enemy piece is "captured" not "killed".
它是“专制”的。你可以把英勇的兵提升为骑士或主教，怎么说呢，甚至是皇后。但是，不管他多么勇敢地战斗到最后一个敌军，它永远也不能占据国王的位置。国王只有一个。国王的独裁使其他人“牺牲”，在任何情况下都不能让国王被抓。
更有趣的是，他的死亡应该事先得到警告：“将军”
然而，这场比赛也有积极的一面。
“女权主义者”——最强大、最有力量的会被称为皇后。
“人道主义者”——敌人被“俘虏”，而不是“杀死”。
Racist against which group?
It could be racist against White! Yeah, those white players are so bad, they have to go first!
This is a silly answer. But then, it's a silly question.
种族主义者反对的是哪个团体？
这可能是针对白人的种族主义！是的，那些白人比赛者太糟糕了，他们必须先走！
这是一个愚蠢的回答。但是，这是一个愚蠢的问题。
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Yes! The whole black versus white thing is outrageous and it is criminal that white should go first!
All chess pieces should be changed to grey immediately!!
是的，整个黑与白的较量太离谱了，白必须先走，这是犯罪！
所有棋子应立即变为灰色！！
Part of being intelligent is being able to make distinctions.
Is it racist that white people tend to be preferred in hiring decisions? Yes.
Is it racist that we can see things in the light and not in the dark? No.
聪明的那部分人要能够做出区分：
白人在招聘决策中倾向于被优先考虑，这是种族主义吗？是的。
我们可以在光明中而不是在黑暗中看到事物，这是种族主义吗？不是的。
Interesting answers ... I would quickly like to add that, in 'Baduk(a.k.a. 'Go')', it is customary for the black to make the first move before white (unlike in chess).
The underlying decorum in Baduk, though, is that the better player (roughly determined by past records) should allow his/her counterpart to make the first move; ergo, usually the elder/experienced player takes the white stones, while the younger challenger takes the black stones.
Does this make Baduk a racist game? No. (Although the person who asked this question might also insist that, reserving the white stones for the better player is racist. In such a case, whoever makes the first move would be immaterial in deciding the 'racist' nature of a board game.) By the same token, chess cannot be deemed as racist only on grounds that the white player makes the first move.
有趣的答案……我想很快补充一点，在围棋中，黑色先于白色迈出第一步是惯例（与国际象棋不同）。
不过，围棋的基本礼节是，更好的比赛者（根据过去的记录大致确定）应该让对手先采取行动；因此，通常是年长/有经验的选手拿白色的石头，而年轻的挑战者拿黑色的石头。
这会使围棋成为种族主义游戏吗？不会。
Why don't you think the other way?
Everyone is sitting in peace, and its the whites who have some issue with the blacks and they start to attack them. Blacks are merely defending themselves and their territory.
So maybe, the guy who invented it wanted to depict this menace of racism through this, who knows.
你为什么不换个角度思考呢？
每个人都安然无恙，白色与黑色之间存在一些分歧，他们开始攻击黑色。黑色只是在捍卫自己和自己的领土。
所以也许，发明它的人想通过这个来描述种族主义的威胁，谁知道呢。
Yes completely racist. And most people who play chess probably also segregate their laundry into whites, darks and coloureds. We live in a depraved world.
是的，完全是种族主义。大多数下棋的人可能也会把洗好的衣服分为白色、黑色和有色。我们生活在一个堕落的世界。
It's racist only if you attribute it to racism.
Both Chess, and an older game called Weiqi (Go) have black and white pieces. In Weiqi, black moves first ... because black is traditionally attributed to yin, and weakness, so it is given the first move. Weaker players play black .
However, if you have a lot of emotional disturbances or vulnerabilities around racism, you start projecting those associations onto anything relating to White and Black. Everything is racist. The thing is, that's an externalized projections of one's inner vulnerabilities. Those vulnerabilities are real, and in American society, tends to be neglected, and aggravated by externalized racism. Having said that, I've known African American men and woman who carry sufficient inner strength to navigate gracefully through racism.
只有当你把它归因于种族主义时，它才是种族主义。
国际象棋和古老的围棋都有黑白棋子。在围棋中，黑色首先移动……因为黑色传统上被认为是阴和虚弱，所以它被给予第一个移动。弱者玩黑棋。
然而，如果你在种族主义方面有很多情绪障碍或脆弱性，你就会开始把这些联系投射到任何与白人和黑人有关的事情上。一切都是种族主义。问题是，这是一个人内在弱点的外在投射。这些脆弱性是真实的，在美国社会，往往被忽视，并因外在化的种族主义而加剧。话虽如此，我认识一些非裔美国人，他们有足够的内在力量，能够优雅地穿越种族主义。
A friend of mine, of Kenyan heritage, once told me a story of his travels to New York, whereupon he found himself ordering coffee at a street-side cafe. The waitress was an African-American girl. When she asked my friend if he wanted his coffee "with cream or without", he casually replied, "I'll have it black thanks." In Australia, where he has lived most of his life, we refer to coffee as black or white. The girl glared at him, my friend who was darker skinned than she, and asked again. "With cream or without?"
Have we become so brittle that the very mention of the word, in any other context than relating to race, is enough to offend? Who cares what colour the plastic chess pieces are? How does the colour of dairy products, or the colour of coffee without them, have the power to fan the flames of racial tension?
The scene at the cafe went on a little further than I have told, but my friend did get his coffee; black, as requested. Upon first hearing the tale I couldn't help but think he should have been a little more culturally sensitive. As a man of colour, was he excused from uttering the colour he prefers his coffee? Apparently not, but I think there would be far more to gain in simply playing the game of chess than worrying about the colour of the pieces.
我的一位肯尼亚裔朋友曾给我讲过他去纽约旅行的故事，他发现自己在一家街边咖啡馆点了咖啡。女服务员是一个非裔美国女孩。当她问我的朋友要不要“加奶油或不加奶油”的咖啡时，他漫不经心地回答说：“谢谢你，我要黑咖啡。”他在澳大利亚生活了大半辈子，我们把咖啡称为黑咖啡或白咖啡。女孩瞪了他一眼，我的朋友比她肤色更黑，她又问了一遍。“加奶油还是不加？”
我们是否变得如此脆弱，以至于在与种族无关的任何其他语境中提到这个词就足以冒犯他人？谁在乎这些塑料棋子是什么颜色的？乳制品的颜色，或者咖啡的颜色，这些有能力煽动种族紧张的火焰吗？
咖啡馆的场景比我说的要远一点，但我的朋友确实喝到了咖啡；黑咖啡，按要求。第一次听到这个故事，我忍不住觉得他应该对文化更敏感一些。作为一个有色人种，他说出他喜欢的咖啡颜色是会被原谅的吗？显然不是，但我认为，比起担心棋子的颜色，简单地下棋会有更多的收获。
Why would that be racist? Are you aware that black has advantages of its own by going last? Sure, statistically speaking white is more likely to win, but that may be more a result of the decisions that both players make while playing the game, as opposed to the extra turn white receives.One advantage with being black is that you can see what white’s opening move is going to be.
为什么这是种族主义？你知道黑棋走在最后有自己的优势吗？当然，从统计学上讲，白棋更有可能获胜，但这可能更多地是双方玩家在玩游戏时做出的决定的结果，而不是白棋获得的额外优先。黑棋的一个优点是你可以看到白棋的开局动作。
Chess originated in India.
There was no white black discrimination here.
All are brown-ish. ;)
I hope that's sufficient.
国际象棋起源于印度。
那里没有黑白歧视的问题。
都是浅棕色人种。
我希望这个理由足够了。
I suppose you see what you want to see. Who really moves first, though? It is almost always the pawns, regardless of color. Maybe the knights. But the “royalty” of the board, the King and the Queen, generally remain in secluded safety until after the pawns (the cannon fodder of the chess board) have staked out some space. So, if you wanted to read something into the ordering of moves, the more astute analysis would talk of class struggle.
The racial aspect, on the other hand is rather weak. The white pieces and black pieces are equal in number and equal in power. This level of equality is one that is rarely achieved in any real society. Yes, one side needs to move first, and in matches players alternate with this. By convention, the player with the white pieces moves first.
Finally, note that it is not settled, as a question of mathematics, whether moving first is actually beneficial. It certainly seems to be so, but it is entirely possible that, with perfect play, the game is drawn. It is even possible that the person who moves second wins with perfect play.
我想你只是看到了你想看到的。然而，谁真正先行动？无论颜色如何，它们都只是棋子而已。也许是骑士。但是棋盘上的“皇室成员”，即国王和王后，通常会在棋子（棋盘上的炮灰）支撑好一些空间之前，保持在隐蔽的安全地方。所以，如果你想从行动的顺序中解读出一些东西，更精明的分析是去谈论阶级斗争。
另一方面，种族方面相当薄弱。白色棋子和黑色棋子数量相等，功能相同。这种水平的平等是在任何现实社会中都很少能实现的。是的，一方需要先移动，在比赛中玩家交替移动。照惯例，持白色棋子的玩家首先移动。
最后，请注意，作为一个数学问题，首先移动是否真的有益尚未解决。看起来确实如此，但是完全有可能，凭着完美的发挥，比赛打成平局。甚至有可能，后动者凭着完美的发挥获得胜利。
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