‘Justice’ for Ukraine overshadowed by cost of living concerns, polling shows
-Survey across 10 European countries and UK shows respondents favouring an end to the conflict rather than holding Russia accountable

民调显示，乌克兰的“正义”被生活成本忧虑盖过了
——在10个欧洲国家和英国进行的调查显示，受访者倾向于赶紧结束冲突，而不是让俄罗斯受到惩罚


(Smoke rises after shelling in Donetsk on Monday amid the ongoing war in Ukraine.)

（周一，乌克兰战火仍在继续，顿涅茨克的炮击过后烟雾四起。）
新闻：

Europe’s unity over the war in Ukraine is at risk as public attention increasingly shifts from the battlefield to cost of living concerns, polling across 10 European countries suggests, with the divide deepening between voters who want a swift end to the conflict and those who want Russia punished.

在10个欧洲国家进行的民意调查显示，随着公众的注意力日益从战场转移到生活成本上，欧洲在乌克兰战争上的团结姿态正面临危险，希望迅速结束冲突的选民和希望俄罗斯受到惩罚的选民之间的分歧正在加深。

The survey in nine EU member states – Finland, France, Germany, Italy, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Spain and Sweden – plus the UK found support for Ukraine remained high, but that preoccupations have shifted to the conflict’s wider impacts.

在欧盟9个成员国——芬兰、法国、德国、意大利、波兰、葡萄牙、罗马尼亚、西班牙和瑞典——以及英国进行的调查发现，对乌克兰的支持率仍然很高，但人们的关注点已转移到这场冲突的更广泛影响上。

“Europeans had surprised Putin – and themselves – by their unity so far, but the big stresses are coming now,” said Mark Leonard, a co-author of a report by the European Council on Foreign Relations (ECFR) on changing attitudes to Russia’s invasion.

欧洲外交关系委员会一份关于改变对俄罗斯入侵态度的报告的合著者马克·伦纳德说：“欧洲人到目前为止的团结让普京和他们自己都感到惊讶，但现在巨大的压力正在到来。”

Governments’ ability to retain public support for potentially harmful policies would be crucial, Leonard said, warning that the gulf between the “peace” and “justice” camps could be “as damaging as that between creditors and debtors during the euro crisis”.

伦纳德说，政府保持公众对潜在有害政策的支持的能力至关重要。他警告说，“和平”和“正义”阵营之间的鸿沟可能“与欧元危机期间债权人和债务人之间的鸿沟一样具有破坏性”。

The survey found that despite strong support across Europe for Ukraine’s bid to join the EU and the west’s policy of severing ties with Moscow, many voters in Europe want the war to end as soon as possible – even if that means Ukraine losing territory.

调查发现，尽管欧洲各地强烈支持乌克兰加入欧盟，以及西方与莫斯科绝交的政策，但欧洲的许多选民希望战争尽快结束——哪怕这意味着乌克兰失去领土。

That view often did not reflect the position of national governments, the authors said, cautioning EU leaders against “maximalist positions” over the war and suggesting they remain tough on Russia but cautious about the dangers of escalation.

两位报告作者表示，这种观点往往不能反映各国政府的立场。他们警告欧盟领导人不要在战争问题上采取“最高主义立场”，并暗示他们仍对俄罗斯持强硬态度，但对局势升级的危险要持谨慎态度。
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“In the early stages of the war, countries in central and eastern Europe felt vindicated in their hawkishness towards Russia,” write Leonard and his co-author Ivan Krastev. “But in the next phase countries such as Poland could find themselves marginalised if the ‘peace’ camp broadens its appeal among the other member states.”

“在战争的早期阶段，中欧和东欧的国家认为他们对俄罗斯的鹰派立场是正确的，”伦纳德和他的合著者伊万·克拉斯特夫写道。“但在接下来的阶段，如果‘和平’阵营在其他成员国中扩大吸引力，波兰等国可能会发现自己被边缘化。”
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The polling, carried out between 28 April and 11 May, found near-universal support for Ukraine, with 73% of respondents across the 10 countries blaming Russia for the war.

这项在4月28日至5月11日之间进行的民意调查发现，几乎所有人都支持乌克兰，10个国家中73%的受访者将战争归咎于俄罗斯。

More than 80% in Poland, Sweden, the UK (83%) and Finland (90%) said they held Russia responsible, along with strong majorities in Italy (56%), France (62%) and Germany (66%), while majorities or pluralities also saw Russia as the main block to peace.

超过80%的波兰人、瑞典人、英国人（83%）和芬兰人（90%）认为俄罗斯应该为此负责，而意大利人（56%）、法国人（62%）和德国人（66%）的人则认为俄罗斯是实现和平的主要障碍。
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There was strong support for cutting lixs with Russia. A majority across the 10 countries felt governments should sever economic and cultural relations with Moscow, with most – rising to 71% in Poland – also favouring an end to diplomatic ties.

切断与俄罗斯的联系得到了强烈的支持。在这10个国家中，大多数人认为政府应该切断与莫斯科的经济和文化关系，大多数人（波兰上升到71%）也赞成结束外交关系。

Similarly, 58% across the 10 countries – rising to 77% in Finland – wanted the EU to reduce its dependence on Russian energy, even at the expense of the bloc’s climate goals, suggesting public support for a new round of EU sanctions, including on oil.

同样，10个国家中有58%（芬兰上升至77%）希望欧盟减少对俄罗斯能源的依赖，即使以牺牲欧盟的气候目标为代价，这表明公众支持新一轮欧盟制裁，包括对石油的制裁。
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But ECFR’s polling showed a clear divide between Europeans who want peace as soon as possible (35% across the 10 countries), and those who want justice – defined as restoring Ukraine’s territorial integrity and holding Russia to account (22%).

但欧洲外交关系委员会的民意调查显示，希望尽快实现和平的欧洲人（10个国家中有35%的人）和希望实现正义的欧洲人——被定义为恢复乌克兰的领土完整并让俄罗斯受罚的人（22%）之间存在明显的分歧。

A third “swing” group, who share the anti-Russian feelings of justice supporters but also the peace camp’s fears of escalation, accounted for about 20% of voters, the report found – with major distribution differences between countries.

报告发现，第三个“摇摆”群体，他们和正义支持者一样有反俄情绪，但也和和平阵营一样担心局势升级，约占选民总数的20%，国家之间的分布存在很大差异。

The peace camp – whose backers also tended to believe Ukraine would be worse off than Russia at the end of the conflict – was most strongly supported in Italy (52%), the polling found, while Poland had the biggest justice camp, at 41%.

和平阵营——其支持者也倾向于认为乌克兰在冲突结束后会比俄罗斯更糟糕——在意大利（52%）得到了最强烈的支持，而波兰则是最大的正义阵营，有41%的支持者。
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Crucially, views on the EU’s policy response to the invasion varied depending on which camp respondents were in, with justice voters backing the severance of economic, diplomatic and cultural ties, and peace voters supporting only the first of these.

至关重要的是，人们对欧盟对入侵的政策反应的看法取决于受访者所在的阵营，正义选民支持切断经济、外交和文化联系，而和平选民只支持其中的第一种。
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Asked what worried them most about the war, respondents in Germany, Italy and France were most concerned about the cost of living and energy prices, while respondents in Sweden, the UK and Poland were most concerned about the threat of nuclear war.

当被问及对战争最担心什么时，德国、意大利和法国的受访者最担心生活成本和能源价格，而瑞典、英国和波兰的受访者最担心核战争的威胁。

As the conflict drags on and costs grow, governments will increasingly be forced to “balance the pursuit of European unity with opinions that diverge both within and among member states”, the authors write, pointing to a “growing gap between the positions of many governments and the public mood in their respective countries”.

两位作者写道，随着冲突的持续和成本的增加，各国政府将越来越被迫“在追求欧洲统一与成员国内部和成员国之间产生分歧的意见之间取得平衡”。他们指出，“许多政府的立场与各自国家的公众情绪之间的分歧越来越大”。