美国人们，欧洲哪些十分常见的东西在你们看来完全无法理解？
Americans of Reddit, what''s something normal in Europe that you think is completely absurd in America?
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不装纱窗！?
正文翻译
Americans of Reddit, what's something normal in Europe that you think is completely absurd in America?
美国人们，欧洲哪些十分常见的东西在你们看来完全无法理解？
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Lack of window screens. Last time I was in Italy, I accidentally left my hotel room window open. That night I spent an hour killing mosquitoes in the room and still got 20+ bites.
没有纱窗。我上次去意大利的时候，不小心忘了关酒店房间的窗户了。那天晚上我花了一个小时杀蚊子，最后还是被咬了20多个包。
Yeah I still haven't figured that one out in places that keep windows open near year round. Stop the bugs!
没错，我仍然没弄明白他们这种一年到头都开窗户的地方为什么不装纱窗。阻止一下虫子啊！
This was in the US but….one time I was walking down the street on the north side of Chicago, it was late spring and someone had their second story window open without a screen. I watched a Pigeon land on the windowsill, poke it’s head in the window, and then fly inside. I said to myself “that person is gonna have a rough time”
虽然这件事发生在美国……有一天我在芝加哥北区的街道上走着，当时已经是晚春了，有人开着二楼的窗户，没装纱窗。我看到一只鸽子落在了窗台上，把头探进去看了看，然后就飞进去了。我自言自语道，“这兄弟要遭殃了。”
Absurd is right. It's truly inexplicable. Especially in so much of Europe where there isn't air conditioning. If you're going to have windows open, then why not have a screen? And it's an easy aftermarket fix too, so there's really just no reason for them not to be there.
确实太蠢了。根本就无法解释。尤其是欧洲有那么多地方没有空调。如果你想要开窗，那为什么不装个纱窗？而且买完装起来也很方便，所以根本没有理由不装这个东西。
Thousands years old buildings around you.
身边都是几千年历史的老房子。
Here in America if you mention a house was made in the 1800s you get an astonished look.
在美国，如果你说某一栋房子是19世纪建造的，你就已经可以收获惊讶的目光了。
Friends om mine in Switzerland live in a medi house, just underneath a castle.
我有朋友在瑞士居住，他住在一个中世纪的房子里，那座房子就在一座城堡下面。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
And say “that house must be haunted!” Cause that’s what I say whenever a house is older than 1970s
而且会说“那座房子肯定闹鬼！”因为任何一栋早于上世纪70年代的房子我都会这么说。
hahaha that reminds me of the tumblr post that says “if you say ‘someone died in this house’ in America that means a man was stabbed to death but if you say it in Europe it means that 3 generations have lived and died peacefully.”
哈哈这让我想起有人在tumblr上发了个帖子说“如果你在美国说‘这栋房子里死过人’，那意味着有人在那栋房子里被捅死过，但是如果你在欧洲说这句话，那意味着曾经有三代人在这栋房子里安详地生老病死。”
It doesn't exactly help that earlier colonists buried their dead in the basements during the winter in the northeast US, so there's a very real chance of unearthing bodies in old homes. I can't say if this happens in Europe, but any old home in the northeast US with an unfinished basement generally means don't do any renovating unless you want to have to call the cops and figure out what century the bones you just accidentally dug up are from.
在美国的东北部，早期的殖民者会在冬天把自己家的死者埋葬在地下室里，所以在老房子里很有可能挖出尸体来。我不好说这种事情会在欧洲发生，但是美国东北部的任何一栋老房子如果有没造完的地下室的话，基本上就意味着不要对它动任何的手脚，除非你想报警，搞明白你不小心挖出来的那些骨头到底是哪个世纪的。
那些人应该都是安详去世的，但他们也在那待得稍微久了一点。
I live in Salem, MA now and we had this happen on my street last summer. It was a nightmare. I have a degree in archeology and my neighbor knocked on my door like "Hi! We found a body, the police are coming but it's really old, could you-"
我住在马萨诸塞州的塞勒姆，去年夏天我们就发生过这种事。简直是一场噩梦。我有考古学的学位，所以我家邻居敲响我的房门之后说，“嗨！我们找到了具尸体，警察在往这儿赶了，但那副尸体真的特别古老，你能不能——”
不。不，女士，我不能。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
When I was a kid in Sharon MA in the 60s there were woods across the street from my house that we used to play in. Under the branches, leaves etc we found a bunch of grave markers of people who died in the late 1600s. I was always pretty sure they were people who were killed in King Philips War. In the 80s I was back there ( I live in CA now)with my fiance (now my wife) and they had built a whole bunch of houses in the woods right where those graves were. I saw some guy working in his yard and asked him about the graves. He gave me a strange look and said what graves? I said never mind and split. Haven't been back since.
我60年代还是个孩子的时候，住在马萨诸塞州的沙龙，在我们经常一起玩的我家房子街对面，有一片森林。在一堆枯枝落叶的下面，我们找到了不少坟墓，主人死于17世纪晚期。我一直都很确定他们就是死于菲利普国王战争的人。在上世纪80年代我带着未婚妻（现在是我老婆）回去（我现在住在加州），发现他们在原来那片坟墓上面又造了一片房子。我看到有人在草坪上干活，于是我就过去问他坟墓的事。他奇怪地看了我一眼，问我什么坟墓？我说别管了，就走了。此后我再也没回去过。
Not necessarily in New England, but you won't find anything older than the late 1600s, at least (mostly cemeteries for that old. There's quite a few still intact in New England tho)
倒不一定是在新英格兰，不过你在美国绝对找不到任何早于17世纪晚期的东西（绝大多数都是坟墓了。在新英格兰倒是还有不少仍旧保存完好的。）
我们在西南部确实有几千年历史的印第安原住民居住地。所以也分地区。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
Regarding cemeteries, here in Sweden, it is common to reuse grave plots, a grave plot is normally rented for about 70 years, after that, the gravestone is removed and the plot is prepared for the next person.
说到坟墓，在瑞典这边，坟坑重新使用还是很常见的。一个坑通常是出租70年，在此之后，墓碑就会被移走，坑留给下一个人。
也说得通，虽然有点让人发毛，因为在被埋葬的那个人的亲友自己也去世之后，就会有越来越少的人过去探访，因此随着时间过去，骨灰盒（用可降解的材料制作）和里面的东西也会消失，所以也就没什么好挖的，把墓碑拿走就行，坑就可以给下一个安息的人准备好了。
这意味着墓地的规模不会不断变大，但是那个人在世的亲属也或许永远都见不到死者的墓地被清理的那天。
Used to work at a pub that was built in the 12 or 1300s. Used to enjoy thinking how no matter how much the world outside the walls changed, people inside are laughing, arguing, joking, making friends and meeting lovers just as they would have the previous centuries.
曾经在一个建于13或14世纪的酒吧工作。以前很喜欢想象不管墙外的世界发生过多少变化，里面的人们一直都在大小，争吵，开玩笑，交朋友，遇见自己的爱人，正如上个世纪的他们那样。
但是我不太喜欢自己一个人呆着，太多诡异的事情了。现在讲起来某些事情甚至都会让我觉得有点想吐或者胳膊上起鸡皮疙瘩。我不知道自己信不信鬼，但是在发生过这些事情之后我肯定得信点儿什么东西了哈哈！
Please tell me more about these incidents!
请多讲一讲那些诡异事情吧！
One of our pipes weren't working properly (air bubbles) so I turned that specific beer off until close so I could sort it out. The guy I was working with went home a few minutes early because we'd finished cleaning/bottling up. I went to the cellar to sort the pipe out so it can be used the next day. I thought I heard chairs scraping upstairs and figured my colleague was still kicking about or something.
我们有一个啤酒管道坏了（里面有气泡）所以我把那款啤酒的龙头关上了，等到我能解决问题再说。我同事几分钟前就回家了，因为我们已经打扫干净装好瓶了。我去地下室修管道，好明天继续用。我听到楼上有椅子挪来挪去的声音，以为我同事仍然在楼上。
我上楼之后发现他不在。我以为是自己出现幻觉了，但我又听见背后有什么东西落在地上了。没看见什么人，也没看见地板上有什么东西。我有点怕了，但还是自己笑一笑过去了。
我去了趟厨房，那里有上霜的玻璃窗户，确保厨房工作人员把自己的岗位打扫干净了（那段时间封闭和开放厨房的员工吵过几架，因为封闭厨房的员工会把一些东西留在那里，让开放厨房的员工效率很低下，因为他们得先弄干净才能干活。）
Buildings whose foundations are in water. Hamburg, Venice, etc. I would be terrified
地基造在水上的建筑。汉堡，威尼斯，等等。我会被吓死的。
Actually, the center of Amsterdam is completely build on wooden piles, because the wet and soggy soil cannot support buildings. The Dam Palace uses 13,681 wooden piles for example. The piles have to be under water to be conserved, a low water table spells trouble as the piles may start rotting.
事实上，阿姆斯特丹的市中心是完全建造在木桩上的，因为湿软的泥土支撑不住建筑物。荷兰王宫就用了13681根木桩制程。那些木桩必须要埋在水下才能得到保护，低水位就会出麻烦，因为木桩可能就要开始腐烂了。
Paying to use the bathroom in a shopping center.
要花钱才能用购物中心的厕所。
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Public nudity. I remember the first time I experienced it in Germany. I was with my sisters at a local public swimming pool. Women just would stand up and openly change from their bathing suits into their clothes. Everything on display. Nobody batted an eye or payed any attention. They went about what they were doing.
公共场合的赤裸。我记得第一次体验是在德国。我和姐妹们在当地的公共游泳池。女人们直接就站起来，把游泳衣换成常服，全都一清二楚的。没人看过去，或者把注意力放到过上面。他们接着自己干自己的事情。
Cashiers sitting down comfortably while they check you out.
收银员给你收银的时候舒舒服服的坐着。
Wait hol up, do cashiers have to STAND in America?
等等，收银员在美国得站着工作？
‘If you have time to lean, you have time to clean’ is a popular saying in retail.
“你要是有时间倚着，你就有时间擦地”这是零售业一句非常流行的话。
"It's unprofessional and makes you look lazy" is something pretty commonly said (in some variation) by employers in the States and Canada
“这很不专业，并且让你看上去很懒惰”，这句话（以及某些变化形式）在美国和加拿大的老板嘴里经常说。
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Yup. It's why when I was working retail I did almost every job in the store but that was the one I basically refused to do. Walking all day is fine. Standing in place all day is miserable.
没错，所以我在零售业工作的时候，基本上所有工作我都干过，除了收银我是拒绝做的。走一天都没问题，站在同一个地方待一天简直太惨了。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
Why do they have to stand? I don't get it, it's pointless
他们为什么要站着呢？我不懂，这根本没有意义。
"We are working here not sitting around"
“我们在工作，不是在到处坐着。”
The fact that Europeans can and need to speak multiple languages. I can drive for 20 hours and all that changes is accents.
欧洲人可以并且需要讲多种语言。我在美国开20个小时的车，遇到的也只是口音变化。
Walkable/bikeable cities. I thought every major country was just highways and parking lots but apparently cities over there are made for pedestrians.
能步行、骑自行车的城市。我以为每个大国都只有高速路和停车场，但是显然那里的城市是为行人建造的。
I'm a 40 minute train ride away from a city that has been continuously inhabited for 4,000 years so naturally the roads aren't designed for cars.
我坐火车40分钟能到的一座城市在4000年以来一直有人居住，所以那里的道路自然不是为汽车设计的。
编辑：事实上是3500年的历史，我错了。但仍然比汽车早多了。
A lot of those cities were build long before cars were invented
那里不少城市都是在汽车发明之前很久就建造好的。
Lack of air conditioning
没有空调
My friend had two American 20 year old girls staying with her during the summer in her apartment in Barcelona. She has a couple of fans but no AC. The very first night the girls started crying because of the heat and called their parents. Eventually they adjusted to the heat though, and my friend will never again forget to mention the lack of AC
我朋友夏天请了两个20岁的美国姑娘去自己在巴塞罗那的公寓。她家有几个风扇，但是没有空调。住在那里的第一天晚上女孩们就被热哭了，开始给家长打电话。最后她们适应了炎热的天气，而且我朋友也再也不会忘记提起自己家没有空调这件事了。
As a Greek person, we all have AC here. It's unbearable otherwise.
作为希腊人，我们这里都有空调，要不然根本没法忍。
I think people in the UK especially don't understand that if they were overlapped with North America...they wouldn't even be in the US. They'd be somewhere in the middle of Canada. Same with Paris and Berlin, they'd be in Canada. It gets hot in the US, especially the Southern areas (which would be more like Africa on the map). A lot of people here die of heatstroke without AC.
我觉得英国人尤其不太了解，如果把他们的国土和北美重合一下的话……那么他们甚至都放不到美国那边。他们会在加拿大中部。巴黎和柏林也一样，这些城市都是在加拿大。美国这里会很热，尤其是在南方地区（地图上的纬度和非洲差不多）这里很多人没有空调中暑而死。
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In Germany, there mostly was no need for AC as temperatures are usually quite moderate. Also, the stone houses here even out temperatures quite well.
在德国，基本上没有对空调的需求，因为这里的气温通常都很温和。此外，这里的石头房子也能很好地均衡气温。
但是在过去的十年里，极端天气正在变得越来越多。所以有越来越多的人开始安装空调了。这确实可以一劳永逸地解决问题！
You only need it two weeks a year in UK
在英国你一星期只用得上两次空调。
Acquaintance is from London, he confesses he sneered at the American “obsession” with A/C until he moved to Louisiana with his new bride and then to Arkansas.
我有熟人在伦敦，他承认自己本来很看不起美国人对空调的“执念”，直到他自己带着新娘去了路易斯安纳和阿肯色州。
Most of my relatives are in England. When we have heat waves here (Ontario) they’re phoning all worried that we’re ok. Of course we are. Practically every house, car , store and building has AC. Most don’t realize we get very hot summers as well as freezing winters. We’re ready for anything.
我的绝大多数亲属都在英格兰。我们这里热浪来袭的时候（安大略）他们都打电话过来担心我有没有事。我们当然没事。基本上所有的房子，汽车，商店和建筑都有空调。大家基本都没意识到我们既有非常炎热的夏天也有非常寒冷的冬天。我们准备好面对一切了。
Walking everywhere. I don't have a car so obviously I walk everywhere and it's gotten to the point where I enjoy it, even if it's thirty minutes to my destination. Back in the states I would drive my car two minutes to the store instead of taking a ten minute walk because that was too far. (Not to mention you get looked at like you're some weird homeless person if you're walking down the street.)
到处都能步行。我没有车，所以我显然得步行前往各处，现在已经到了我享受步行的程度，就算去要去的地方要30分钟。以前在美国的时候我宁愿开两分钟的车去商店也不要走10分钟，因为那太远了。（更别提如果你沿着街走路的话，那么你看起来会像是一个诡异的流浪汉。）
Kissing people as a form of greeting
亲吻别人作为打招呼的一种方式
Just in France, the number of kisses when you greet varies from 1 to 5 depending on where in France you are. I don't go back often and I'm confused everytime as everybody I visit lives in a different place with a different custom for this...
就在法国，取决于你在法国的哪个地区，亲吻的数量从1-5不等。我不是经常回去，所以我每次都会很困惑，因为我拜访的每个人都住在不同的地方，对此有不同的习俗……
My dad met a girl I liked and decided to do the double kiss greeting. When he was moving from left to right he accidentally kissed her on the lips.
我爸见了我喜欢过的一个女生，他决定吻两次脸颊来打招呼。他把嘴唇从左边移到右边的时候，不小心亲到了她的嘴唇。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
我到分手都没那么深入过。
Well, more so for the UK, but... what even the fuck is your measurement system?
可能主要是跟英国相关，但是……你们的度量衡到底是什么乱七八糟的？
我不是美国人，并且我在军队工作，所以我知道公制单位。但是英国的单位一定乱了套了。码，米，长吨短吨，公吨，英寸，厘米，英尺，你他妈随便挑一个他们都用。
idk, we just use everything. seeming not too long ago, imperial was still the norm. but everyone understands metric and its probably most commonly used. never heard of anyone using yards tho.
我不知道，我们就是啥都用。不算太久之前，英制单位仍然是常规。但是所有人都懂公制单位，并且用的可能也是最普遍的。但是我倒是没听说过谁用码的。
You can take single cans from a box/6 pack of beer or soda in Norway and buy just that one. If you tried that here you'd get suspected of stealing.
在挪威，你可以从一提6听的啤酒或者汽水包装里拿出来一罐，就买那一罐。但是如果你在美国这么做，就有人怀疑你偷窃。
True for Germany too! But don't be a dick and start a new sixer, when there is already one where someone took a cab or bottle from!
德国也是一样！但别当那种混蛋，有人已经打开一提拿过里面的饮料之后你又去打开新的一提！
Serving water at room temperature in restaurants.
饭店提供室温的饮用水。
The use of the word c*nt seems to be alright in England and some other countries. In the US, it’s one of the worst words ever.
“婊子”这个词在英格兰和一些其他国家好像完全没关系。在美国，这是最糟糕的词。
I was once greeted by my younger brother shouting "happy birthday ye cunt"
有一次我弟弟喊我说“生日快乐你个婊砸”
However, in Australia and New Zealand it can also be a neutral or positive term when used with a positive qualifier (e.g., "He's a good cunt")
在澳大利亚和新西兰，当你加上一个积极意义的形容词的时候，它甚至可以变成中性的甚至积极的词（例：“他是个好婊子”）
引自维基。
Correct, We call our mates "cunt", and we call cunts "mate"
没错，我们管兄弟叫“婊子”但我们管婊子叫“兄弟”。
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Big American trucks wouldn't even fit on some of your roads
美式大卡车甚至开不进你们那边的一些道路
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
Canadian here, do I count? Is this one of those "Americans (North Americans[US and Canada]) moments?
加拿大人，我算吗？这算不算是那些“美国人（北美人[美国和加拿大]）”时刻？
对我来说应该是瑞典要求雇员在夏天连续休息4个星期这件事。我老婆跟我说的时候（她是瑞典人，我正要搬过去），我大脑都短路了。我现在已经习惯了，但是我跟别人说的时候他们也会特别困惑……为什么。
All of Finland basically shuts down for July. To be fair it’s a glorious month to enjoy the country
芬兰全国在7月份基本上都会关停。因为这是享受这个国家最棒的一个月。
Yeah, knew it wasn't just Sweden, but I didn't feel like looking up the other countries. Finland and... maybe Norway if we follow that pattern.
没错，我就知道不止瑞典这么做，但是我也没去查别的国家。芬兰和……或许挪威也会这样吧。
我其实有点心碎了，因为我想起自己还小的时候夏天我永远是孤身一人哪也去不了，因为我父母总是要天天工作，除了周六日，所以我们从来都没度过假。与我老婆相比呢，她们把假期拼到一起，就能一个人陪孩子们两星期，另一个人陪孩子们两星期，然后全家一起再放两星期的假。家庭旅行非常多，享受了很多的旅行和夏日的惬意。
Compared to many other countries, it's a privilege for sure.
与其他大多数国家相比，这确实是一种特权。
对于瑞典做一些简单的介绍吧：
在一名员工每年得到的25天（最低基础）以上的假期之中，你必须要使用其中的20天。你有在夏天连续休20天假的权利，但是绝大多数人都会把这些假期分散在一年里。没使用的假期会积累到第二年。
假期期间，你仍然能得到额外薪酬，相当于去年你挣到的所有工资总额的12%。这些薪酬平摊在每个休假日里。
公共事务的雇员（约占生产力的1/3）每年能得到至多35天的假期（当你40岁的时候），但是薪酬比私企要低一些。
Ordering pizza for delivery that arrives unsliced.
点外卖披萨，结果没切片。
This might honestly be the strangest answer in the thread. I had no idea that was a thing.
这可能真的是整版上最怪的了。我真的没意识到会有这种事。
Public transportation that’s cheap, efficient, supported/appreciated, and actually takes people places they want to go.
廉价，高效，得到人民支持，并且真的会把人们送到他们想去的地方的公共交通。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
the level of workplace protections for employees, specifically around being fired
对雇员的劳动保护程度，尤其是保护被开除。
Yeah, at least in Germany and Sweden the federal labor laws are significantly better than unx protections in many countries (and the U.S.). Applies to many white collar professions to boot.
没错，至少在德国和瑞典，联邦劳动法比起很多国家（包括美国在内）的工会保护还好。应用于很多白领工作职业。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
说实话，也是双刃剑。有很多难以辞职的工作，需要漫长的告知期（一个月起步，对于工作时间更长的白领来说最多三个月）。
我认识的绝大多数德国人对于美国“自愿”招聘的概念都困惑并恐惧地挠头。