“You’ll starve to death if you only eat rabbit meat” is one of those common refrains you learn when getting into survival.

“如果你只吃兔子肉，你就会饿死”，这是你在野外生存过程中，经常会听到的忠告。

Commonly called “rabbit starvation” but officially called “protein poisoning,” it happens when you eat too much protein without enough fat and/or carbohydrates, which leaves your stomach full but your body malnourished. Excessive protein can overwhelm your liver and kidneys, leading to excess ammonia, urea, and amino acids in your blood. It’s a serious condition that can kill you.

这种情况通常被称为“兔子饥饿症”，但正式名称是“蛋白质中毒”，当你吃了太多的蛋白质而没有摄入足够的脂肪或碳水化合物时，就会“蛋白质中毒”，虽然你的胃已经饱了，但你的身体却营养不良。过多的蛋白质会拖垮你的肝脏和肾脏，导致血液中出现过量的氨、尿素和氨基酸。这是一种可能会要你命的严重疾病。

It’s similar to“water poisoning,” where people can actually drink themselves to death with water. But the water itself isn’t the problem, it’s the lack of salts/electrolytes to balance out the body’s chemistry.

这类似于“水中毒”，一些人虽然因为喝水而死。但水本身并不是问题所在，问题在于缺乏盐/电解质来平衡身体的化学反应。

Summary:
This can occur with any lean meat, not just rabbit. That could include beef, caribou, chicken, deer, or squirrel.
Assuming you don’t have a rare genetic/chronic condition, protein poisoning is only a concern in long-term wilderness survival situations where you’re relying on animals to survive.
If you’re in that situation, eat fats.
If you harvest an animal, think like an indigenous person and use as many parts as you can, namely the fatty brain and liver. Other “wild” options are fish oils, nuts, and milk.
Domesticated animals, such as meat rabbits, are usually fatter than their wild counterparts. You could probably survive largely on domesticated rabbits.
Homesteading animals are helpful too since chickens provide fat in eggs, goats provide fat in milk, etc.
If building a pantry, be sure to stock some shelf-stable fats like lard or peanut butter.
The big symptoms are diarrhea, nausea, and an insatiable desire to eat even though you’ve been eating.
Simply eating some fats will correct the problem within hours, although digestive discomfort might continue for up to a week.

如果只摄入瘦肉就会发生蛋白质中毒，不仅仅是兔肉。可能包括牛肉、北美驯鹿、鸡肉、鹿肉或松鼠肉在内的任何瘦肉。
如果你没有罕见的遗传/慢性疾病，那么蛋白质中毒是长期在野外环境中生存时才需要担心的问题。
如果你在野外环境中生存，那么应该想办法摄入脂肪。
如果你捕获一只动物，要像土著人一样，除了肉之外，也要食用动物的其他身体部分，比如脂肪，脑，以及肝脏。如果还有其他选择，尽量保证能摄入鱼油、坚果和牛奶。
相比于野生动物，家养动物更有助于避免蛋白质中毒，比如家养的肉兔，它们通常比野生兔胖，富含脂肪，因此你可以靠家兔生存下去。
除了家兔，鸡可以通过鸡蛋提供脂肪，羊可以通过羊奶提供脂肪等等。
如果你要建一个食品储藏室，一定要储备一些耐贮存的脂肪，比如猪油或花生酱。
蛋白质中毒的主要症状是腹泻，恶心，或饥饿感。即使你已经吃了很多肉，但仍会有无尽的进食欲望。
吃一些脂肪会在几个小时内减轻症状，但消化不适的症状可能会持续长达一周时间。

Protein starvation symptoms
Cravings (often for animal brains and other fatty meat)
Diarrhea
Fatigue
Headaches
Nausea
Slow heart rate
Weakness
Diarrhea seems to be the most commonly reported symptom

蛋白质中毒症状
旺盛的进食欲(通常是对动物大脑和其他肥肉的渴望)
腹泻
乏力
头痛
恶心想吐
心率减慢
虚弱
腹泻似乎是蛋白质中毒最常见的症状。

people thought was rabbit starvation was actually something else. If you only eat the muscular parts of a rabbit, for example, you’re not getting the Vitamin C stored in its organs, which can lead to scurvy.
That’s the trickiest part about diagnosing rabbit starvation. These symptoms are very similar to the symptoms of other common problems people experience in these kinds of austere survival scenarios.
So if you have digestive problems and aren’t sure why:
If you know you’ve been eating enough but you still feel hungry, that means the food you’ve been taking in isn’t giving you the nutrition you need. Diversify your diet.If you know you’ve been drinking enough water (eg. your pee is clear), maybe it’s a lack of salts/nutrition leading to hyponatremia.Diarrhea can kill you quickly, especially if you’re in an environment with limited potable water and can’t rehydrate.

通常情况下，人们甚至不会发现兔子饥饿症的存在。例如，如果你只吃兔子的肌肉，你就得不到储存在器官中的维生素C，而维生素C会导致坏血病，所以人们会误认为自己只是缺少维生素C。
这是很难诊断兔子饥饿症的原因。人们在严峻的生存环境中，会出现其他常见的症状，从而掩盖了兔子饥饿症。
所以在野外环境中，如果你出现了消化问题，又不确定原因:
那么请做一个简单的自我判断，
如果你已经吃饱了，但你仍然觉得饿，这意味着你吃的食物没有给予你所需的营养。你的饮食需要多样化。
如果你已经喝了足够多的水(例如。你的尿是透明的)，那么你可能时因为缺乏盐或营养导致了低钠血症。
在这种情况下，一个腹泻能迅速杀死你，特别是当你处于无法及时补充生理盐水的环境中。

The SAS Survival Handbook discusses rabbit starvation emphasis
Rabbits can provide the easiest of meals but their flesh lacks fat and vitamins essential to man. The Hudson Bay Company recorded cases of trappers dying of starvation although eating well on an easily available diet of rabbit. The body uses its own vitamins and minerals to digest the rabbit and these are then passed out in the faeces. If they are not replaced, weakness and other symptoms of vitamin deficiency appear. If more rabbit is eaten, the condition becomes worse. Trappers literally ate themselves to death when eating vegetation would have ensured their survival. This situation often occurs when vegetation has been buried by snow and survivors rely on rabbits for food.

SAS生存手册在讨论兔子饥饿时强调
兔子可以提供最简单的一餐，但它们的肉缺乏脂肪和人体必需的维生素。哈德逊湾公司记录了捕兽者因饥饿而死的案例。
尽管捕兽者吃得很好，很容易捕捉到兔子。但人体会利用自身的维生素和矿物质来消化兔子，然后这些维生素和矿物质就会随着粪便排出体外。如果不摄入维生素和矿物质，人体就会出现虚弱和其他维生素缺乏的症状。
如果吃的兔子越多，情况就会变得越糟。除非找到可以维持生存的植物，否则捕兽者真的会把自己吃死。这种情况经常发生在植被被雪掩埋，幸存者只能依靠兔子作为食物的时候。

arctic explorer Vilhjalmur Stefansson, who wrote in Not by Bread Alone in 1946:
The groups that depend on the blubber animals are the most fortunate in the hunting way of life, for they never suffer from fat-hunger. This trouble is worst, so far as North America is concerned, among those forest Indians who depend at times on rabbits, the leanest animal in the North, and who develop the extreme fat-hunger known as rabbit-starvation. Rabbit eaters, if they have no fat from another source—beaver, moose, fish—will develop diarrhea in about a week, with headache, lassitude and vague discomfort. If there are enough rabbits, the people eat till their stomachs are distended; but no matter how much they eat they feel unsatisfied.

北极探险家斯蒂芬森，1946年在一本书中写道:
依靠鲸脂生存的狩猎群体是最幸运的，因为他们从不遭受缺乏脂肪的困扰。
就北美印第安人而言，缺乏摄入脂肪是最严重的问题，那些在森林里的印第安人中，有时依靠捕猎兔子为生，而兔子是北方最瘦的动物。吃兔子的人，如果他们没有其他的脂肪摄入——如海狸、驼鹿、鱼——那么在大约一周内就会出现腹泻，头痛、疲倦和不舒服。
如果吃了太多的兔子，人们即使吃到肚子胀起来，却仍然觉得不满足。

Stefansson lived for years with the Inuit people, admiring their good health and becoming an early proponent of a carnivore diet. Eating nothing but meat and fat was considered barbaric at the time, so Stefansson submitted himself to a year-long study in 1928
At one point, Stefansson intentionally put himself into rabbit starvation, but recovered quickly once he started eating fat again:
Explorer and author Farley Mowat experienced rabbit starvation while living among the Ilhalmiut people of Canada. He was cured when his guide had him drink lard.

斯蒂芬森与因纽特人生活多年，羡慕因纽特人的健康，并成为健康肉食的支持者。在当时，只吃肉类和脂肪被认为是野蛮的行为，所以1928年，斯蒂芬森接受了一项为期一年的研究，
在某一时刻，斯蒂芬森故意让自己患上兔子饥饿症，但当他再次开始吃脂肪时，他很快就恢复了。
探险家兼作家法利·莫厄特与加拿大伊尔哈米特人一起生活时，患上了兔子饥饿症。当他的向导让他喝猪油后，他的病就好了。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处


A possible case of rabbit starvation occurred in the case of Chris McCandless, subject of the book Into the Wild, who was found dead in the wilds of Alaska in 1992. Author Jon Krakauer speculated in the book that McCandless was a victim of protein poisoning.

1992年，《走进荒野》一书的主人公克里斯·麦克肯多斯被发现死于阿拉斯加的荒野中，这可能是死于兔子饥饿症的一个例子。作者Jon Krakauer在书中推测麦克肯多斯是蛋白质中毒的受害者。

ketogenic diets have been all the rage for years, because when you cut carbs out of your diet, your body burns fat at a high rate. I lost 50 pounds in a summer on keto. And there aren’t a lot of carbs in the wild, so it wouldn’t be a surprise to lose a great deal of weight on a wildcraft diet, even if you were getting enough fat.
Other causes of diarrhea could be bacteria or parasites. In other words, you go to a strange place where you aren’t adapted to the local microfauna and you get the squirts.

生酮饮食多年来一直风靡一时，当你在饮食中减少碳水化合物时，你的身体会以很高的速度燃烧脂肪。我坚持生酮饮食一个夏天就瘦了50磅。
而在野外，因为没有太多的碳水化合物摄入，所以即使你获得了足够的脂肪，你也会丢失大量的体重。
当然了，腹泻也不一定是蛋白质中毒，有可能是细菌或寄生虫等其他原因。换句话说，你去了一个陌生的地方，如果你不适应当地的微生物环境，你就会腹泻。

Based on anecdotes and tradition, the key really seems to be fat intake. Contrary to decades of faulty marketing and dietary advice, you need fat in your diet, as indicated by both tradition and contemporary science. And that’s especially true in survival situations.
When stocking your survival pantry, think about shelf-stable fats like:
Cheese
Coconut milk
Coconut oil
Ghee
Lard
Olive oil
Peanut butter
Sardines in oil
Tuna in oil
Vegetable oil

但无论如何，根据轶事和传统教训，让我们明白维持脂肪摄入是人体健康的关键。
与几十年来错误的市场营销和饮食建议相反，传统和现代科学都表明，你的饮食中需要脂肪。在严酷的生存环境中尤其如此。
当你储存生存食品时，优先考虑那些耐储存的脂肪，比如:
奶酪
椰奶
椰子油
酥油
猪油
橄榄油
花生酱
沙丁鱼罐头
金枪鱼罐头
植物油

Many rabbit breeders doubt that you would suffer rabbit starvation when eating domestic rabbits. Being a rabbit breeder myself, I can tell you from experience that rabbits get fat from commercial rabbit food all too easily. Domestic rabbit is comparable to chicken, with slightly less fat and slightly more protein.
The guy in the video below ate nothing but rabbit for two weeks with no ill effects. He claims to have “debunked” rabbit starvation, but that isn’t true, since there are so many documented cases of it. But it does demonstrate that rabbit starvation only kicks in under extreme circumstances.

许多养兔子的人认为只吃家兔不会饿死。作为一个兔子饲养者，我可以告诉你，从经验来看，家养的兔子很容易通过兔粮产出脂肪，所以不会使人得兔子饥饿症。但是兔肉与鸡肉相似，产出的脂肪很少。
有一个人发视频连续两周只吃兔子，没有任何不良反应。他声称已经“揭穿”了兔子饥饿症的谎言。但这并不足以推翻上述结论，因为有很多记录在案的真实案例。在极端环境下，只吃野生兔子才会出现兔子饥饿症。

What about if you’re in the wild? One trick is to extract every bit of fat from animals you eat. Boil the bones to extract previous fatty marrow in a broth. Eat the internal organs, like the liver. A good source of fat is brains, which can be up to 60% fat.A zombie saying "More brains!"
An easier source of fat in the wild is nuts, like acorns. To eat acorns, you need to boil them repeatedly to remove the tannins.

如果你身在野外，一个诀窍就是尽量从动物身上摄取每一点脂肪。
比如煮骨头汤，提取里面脂肪骨髓。食用动物内脏，比如肝脏。动物大脑是摄入脂肪的一个很好的来源，它的脂肪含量高达60%。
这就是僵尸为什么也喜欢吃脑花（开个玩笑）
在野外，通过采集坚果可以更容易获得脂肪。比如橡子。但在吃橡子之前，你需要反复煮它，以去除其中的单宁。