Millions in UK drinking harmful levels of alcohol at home, experts warn
-Switch to drinking at home rather than in pubs during Covid pandemic partly to blame

专家警告说，英国有数百万人在家饮酒量超标
——部分原因在于大流行期间改在家里喝酒而不是在酒吧喝酒
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(The data suggests more than twice as many men as women are drinking hazardous levels of alcohol.)

（数据表明，男性饮酒量达到危险水平的人数是女性的两倍以上。）
报道：

Millions of Britons are causing themselves “silent harm” through hazardous drinking at home, experts have warned, as figures reveal levels of “higher risk” alcohol consumption have soared during the pandemic.

专家警告称，数以百万计的英国人正在通过在家危险饮酒给自己造成“无声伤害”，因为数据显示，在疫情期间，“高风险”饮酒水平飙升。

While the new figures concern England only, the phenomenon has been seen in all parts of the UK.

虽然新的数据只涉及英格兰，但这种现象在英国各地都可以看到。
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Eight million people in England are drinking so much wine, beer or spirits that it is harmful to their health, according to data from the government’s Office for Health Improvement and Disparities, with a large increase in the numbers drinking at levels considered to be dangerous.

根据政府健康改善与差异办公室的数据显示，在英国，有800万人喝了太多的葡萄酒、啤酒或烈性酒，这对他们的健康是有害的，而饮用被认为达到 “危险水平”的酒的人数大幅增加。

Prof Julia Sinclair, the chair of the addictions faculty at the Royal College of Psychiatrists, said the switch to drinking at home during the Covid pandemic was partly to blame for the rise, with drinking sessions sometimes lasting several hours longer than they would in a pub.

英国皇家精神病学院成瘾问题系主任朱莉娅·辛克莱教授表示，新冠肺炎大流行期间，人们转向在家喝酒，这是饮酒人数上升的部分原因，饮酒时间有时比在酒吧里要长几个小时。

Figures based on YouGov surveys show 18.1% of adults in England were drinking at “increasing or higher risk” in the three months to the end of October 2021, which equates to 8 million people.

根据舆观的调查数据显示，在截至2021年10月底的三个月里，英国有18.1%的成年人饮酒的“风险在增加或更高”，相当于800万人。

That is much higher than in February 2020, before the pandemic, when 12.4% or about 6 million people drank at these levels. In October 2019, 11.9%, or about 5 million people, were drinking at this level.

这远远高于疫情爆发前的2020年2月的水平，当时12.4%（约600万人）的饮酒量达到这一水平。2019年10月，11.9%的人（约500万人）处于这一水平。

The NHS recommends adults consume no more than 14 units of alcohol per week. Increasing or higher-risk drinking is defined by the alcohol use disorders identification test (audit) used by professionals, which asks questions about people’s drinking habits. It looks at how often people drink, how many units in one session, whether they ever feel guilty and whether they sometimes miss out on usual activities due to drinking.

英国国家医疗服务体系建议成年人每周饮酒不超过14单位。“饮酒增加”或“高风险饮酒”是由专业人士使用的酒精使用障碍识别测试（审计）来定义的，该测试询问人们的饮酒习惯。它考察了人们喝酒的频率，一次喝多少单位，他们是否会感到内疚，以及他们是否会因为喝酒而错过日常活动。

Sinclair said the latest data, which suggests more than twice as many men as women are drinking alcohol at hazardous levels, showed people were still dealing with uncertainty and anxiety caused by the pandemic while some had formed habits involving alcohol.

辛克莱表示，最新数据表明，饮酒达到危险水平的男性是女性的两倍多，这表明人们仍在应对疫情造成的不确定性和焦虑，而一些人已经养成了喝酒的习惯。

Asked if current drinking levels could be considered the “new normal”, Sinclair told PA Media: “The best, most realistic, scenario is that the higher-risk drinkers go back over the next probably five years to normal risk drinking – back to where they were. But people won’t just suddenly flip back to where they were – none of us suddenly flips back.

当被问及目前的饮酒水平是否可以被视为“新常态”时，辛克莱告诉PA媒体说：“最好、最现实的情况是，较高风险的饮酒者可能在未来5年回到正常风险的饮酒水平——回到他们原来的水平。但人们不会突然回到他们原来的位置——没有人会突然回到原来的位置。

“What we’re going to see is that some people who were perhaps drinking at a higher risk but weren’t physically dependent will have pushed themselves into being physically dependent, and they’re not the group who can suddenly wind back from this.

“我们将要看到的是，一些饮酒风险较高但没有酒精依赖的人将会迫使自己成为酒精依赖的人，他们不是能突然从这种依赖上再恢复过来的群体。
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“What was really clear was that just even nine months of drinking, as we saw in 2020, was enough to push a whole load of people over the edge. We’ve yet to see the data from this year but my guess anecdotally would be that it is going to be substantial.”

“真正清楚的是，就像我们在2020年看到的那样，仅仅九个月的饮酒就足以把一大批人推到崩溃的边缘。我们还没有看到今年的数据，但我猜测，这将是实质性的。”

Sinclair said some people who never drank except when they went out or went to the pub were now drinking at home. “You then get some periodic times when you can also drink in the pub,” she said. “Do you suddenly change your behaviour to not drinking at home or does drinking in the pub now become the add-on?”

辛克莱说，有些人除了外出或去酒吧外从不喝酒，现在却在家里喝酒。她说：“然后（疫情结束后）你会有一些你也可以在酒吧喝酒的周期性的时间。但你会突然改变自己的习惯，不再在家喝酒吗？或者在酒吧喝酒现在已经成了一种（在家喝酒的）‘补充’？”

At the moment, Sinclair said, the data suggests people were carrying on drinking what they began to drink at home and then drinking more on top of that.

辛克莱说，目前的数据表明，人们继续保持喝他们在家里开始喝的酒，然后又额外喝更多酒吧的酒。

Many people have not yet reached the stage where they realise they have a problem and are causing themselves “silent harm”, she added. Drinking at home “can go on for hours” and people are not keeping track of their measures – “the drinks are not coming in units”, she said.

她补充说，许多人还没有达到意识到自己有问题、正在给自己造成“无声伤害”的阶段。她说，在家里喝酒“可能持续好几个小时”，而且人们不会记录自己的饮酒量——“喝酒不是按单位限制的”。

Sinclair said patients were coming into hospitals in a “much more severe” state. “We’ve had more patients going into delirium tremens – the really kind of life-threatening part of alcohol withdrawal – who end up in intensive care,” she said. “I have seen more people in our hospital in that state [during the pandemic] than I’ve seen in the six years prior to that.”

辛克莱说，入院的病人病情“严重得多”。她说：“我们有更多的病人出现震颤性谵妄，这是酒精戒断后真正危及生命的部分，他们最终被送到重症监护室。（在大流行期间）我在我们医院看到的处于这种状态的人比我之前6年见过的人还要多。”