The target was first announced by Prakash Javadekar in May, who was a minister in the federal government at the time.

今年（2021年）5月，时任联邦政府部长的Prakash Javadekar首次宣布了这一目标。

"Vaccination in India will be completed by December 2021," he said.

他说:“印度的疫苗接种将于2021年12月完成。”

How is the vaccine programme going?

这个疫苗计划进行得如何?

As of 30 December, 64% of India's adult population is fully vaccinated and around 90% has received the first dose.

截至12月30日，64%的印度成年人口已全面接种疫苗，约90%的人已接受了第一剂疫苗。

Experts said achieving the target of full vaccination coverage would take a long time.

专家表示，实现全面疫苗接种的目标将需要很长时间。

Dr Chandrakant Lahariya, an epidemiologist and health systems specialist, says the target set by the government was "unrealistic" because achieving 100% vaccine coverage at any given point would not be possible.

流行病学家和卫生系统专家Chandrakant Lahariya博士说，政府设定的目标是“不现实的”，因为在任何时候都不可能实现100%的疫苗覆盖率。
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"There would always be some people who are unwilling to get vaccinated for various reasons," he said.

“总会有一些人因为各种原因不愿意接种疫苗，”他说。
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Weekly vaccinations have slowed since the first week of December, according to India's vaccine dashboard - CoWin.

根据印度疫苗数据发布机构CoWin的数据，自12月的第一周以来，每周的疫苗接种速度已经放缓。

Since mid-October, more second doses have been given than first doses.

自10月中旬以来，打第二针的比第一针的多。

The daily vaccination numbers have been fluctuating with the highest number achieved on Prime Minister Narendra Modi's birthday on 17 September.

每日疫苗接种数量一直在波动，最高数量是9月17日达到的，那天是莫迪总理的生日。

Over 20 million jabs were administered on the day but the country has not been able to achieve the same number since.

当天注射的疫苗超过2000万支，但自那以来，该国一直未能达到同样的数量。

While the monthly average for September was around 8.1 million doses a day, it fell to 5.4 million in October and 5.7 million in November.

9月份的月平均剂量约为810万剂，10月份和11月份分别降至540万剂和570万剂。

Some experts say if the September momentum had been kept up, India could have been closer to the target, but that demand would eventually have fallen.

一些专家说，如果9月份的增长势头保持下去，印度本可以更接近目标，但那个需求最终会下降。

The vaccination drive, which started in January, faced challenges such as supply constraints due to raw materials shortages, logistical issues and vaccine hesitancy.

今年1月开始的疫苗接种运动面临着原材料短缺、后勤问题和疫苗接种犹豫等挑战。

By the second half of the year, the supply constraints had been addressed.

到今年下半年，供应受限问题已经得到解决。

The challenge is now the demand rather than the supply.

现在的挑战是需求，而不是供应。

"The vaccination drive has slowed down now because people are hesitant to take the vaccine," says Dr Lahariya.

Lahariya博士说:“由于人们对接种疫苗犹豫不决，疫苗接种工作现在已经放缓。”

On 3 November, the government launched a vaccination programme to conduct at-home inoculations.

11月3日，政府启动了一项疫苗接种计划，在家中进行疫苗接种。

A month after the programme was announced, the first dose coverage had only increased by 6% and second dose coverage by 12%.

该计划宣布一个月后，第一剂覆盖率仅增加了6%，第二剂覆盖率仅增加了12%。

Mr Modi has now asked states to ramp up vaccinations in districts with low uptake amid Omicron fears.

出于欧米克戎的担忧，莫迪现在要求各邦在疫苗接种率低的地区加大疫苗接种力度。
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Over the past few months, the 100% target has not been mentioned in any of the press conferences by the health ministry.

在过去的几个月里，印度卫生部的任何一次新闻发布会上都没有提到这个100%接种的目标。
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We asked the ministry about missing the target but did not hear back.

我们向国防部询问了没有达到目标的原因，但没有得到答复。

Does India have enough vaccines?

印度有足够的疫苗吗?

India is currently administering two locally-manufactured vaccines, Covishield and Covaxin, and the Russian vaccine Sputnik.

印度目前正在使用两种本土生产的疫苗Covishield和Covaxin，以及俄罗斯的Sputnik疫苗。

India's largest vaccine maker, Serum Institute of India (SII), was manufacturing 250 million doses of Covishield a month before the company announced production cuts in December due to a lack of orders.

印度最大的疫苗制造商，印度血清研究所(SII)，由于缺少订单，在12月宣布停产，而前一个月该公司生产了2.5亿剂Covishield疫苗。
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It now produces between 125 and 150 million doses a month.

现在它每月生产1.25亿到1.5亿剂疫苗。

Bharat Biotech, the manufacturer of Covaxin, makes 50 to 60 million doses a month.

Covaxin的制造商Bharat Biotech每月生产5000万至6000万剂。

India's health minister, Mansukh Mandaviya, recently said in parliament that states had a stock of 170 million vaccines as of 20 December.

印度卫生部长Mansukh Mandaviya最近在议会上说，截至12月20日，各邦有1.7亿疫苗库存。

He added that the vaccine manufacturing capacity would rise from the current 310 million doses a month to 450 million doses a month in the next two months.

他补充说，疫苗生产能力目前为每月3.1亿剂，未来两个月将提高到每月4.5亿剂。

This may include vaccines from other manufacturers. The junior minister of health, Dr Bharati Pawar, said: "Both companies [Bharat Biotech and SII] have achieved 90% of their production capacity."

这可能包括来自其他制造商的疫苗。卫生部副部长Bharati Pawar博士说:“两家公司(Bharat Biotech和SII)都实现了90%的产能。”

The government has announced jabs for children aged 15 to 18 years and a booster programme for health workers and those above 60 years with other health conditions starting this month.

政府已宣布从本月开始为15至18岁的儿童接种疫苗，并为卫生工作者和60岁以上有其他健康状况的人制定了一剂加强针的方案。
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SII chief, Adar Poonawalla, said earlier this month that the company has 500 million vaccines in stock in case the government announces a booster programme.

SII负责人Adar Poonawalla本月早些时候说，该公司有5亿疫苗库存，以防政府宣布加强针计划。

The health ministry has said that around 6.2 million doses have been wasted since the start of the vaccine programme, which is considerably below the number that the World Health Organisation (WHO) would expect to be wasted.

卫生部表示，自该疫苗项目启动以来，大约有620万剂疫苗被浪费，这大大低于世界卫生组织(WHO)预计被浪费的数量。

There are other Indian-made vaccines expected to be used against Covid.

预计还有其他印度制造的疫苗将用于对抗新冠病毒。

What other vaccines can India use?

印度还可以使用什么疫苗?

Novavax, developed in the US and named Covavax in India, is being manufactured by SII - and has been granted emergency use listing by the WHO. It has also been granted approval by India.

Novavax是美国开发的，在印度被命名为Covavax，由SII生产，并已被世界卫生组织列入紧急使用名单。它也得到了印度的批准。

SII has told the BBC that it is currently stockpiling these vaccine doses, and the capacities to manufacture this vaccine would be separate from Covishield.

SII告诉BBC，它目前正在储备这些疫苗剂量，而这种疫苗的产能将独立于Covishield。
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Bharat Biotech has sought approval for trials of its intranasal vaccine as a booster shot.

Bharat Biotech已寻求批准其鼻内疫苗作为一种加强剂进行试验。

Corbevax, manufactured by Biological-E, has also been granted approval in India.

biolic - e公司生产的Corbevax也在印度获得了批准。

India did give emergency use approval to the US-made Moderna vaccine in June, but so far no doses have been sent to India.

印度确实在6月批准了紧急使用美国制造的Moderna疫苗，但到目前为止，还没有这种疫苗送往印度。

Johnson & Johnson's single dose vaccine was granted approval in August but so far it hasn't been administered.

强生公司的单剂疫苗于8月份获批，但迄今尚未执行。

Supplies of foreign-made vaccines are facing legal hurdles over the manufacturers' desire for protection against legal claims arising out of using the vaccines - something no vaccine maker in India has at the moment.

外国生产的疫苗供应正面临法律障碍，这阻碍了疫苗制造商对使用疫苗引起的法律索赔进行保护的愿望——目前印度的疫苗制造商还没有这样做。
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What about vaccine exports?

那么疫苗出口呢?

With the vaccine demand in India slowing and daily cases falling, SII resumed exporting vaccines in November to Covax, the global vaccine-sharing programme.

随着印度的疫苗需求放缓和每日病例下降，SII于11月恢复向全球疫苗共享计划Covax出口疫苗。

Before exports were halted by India in April, Covax was reliant on supplies from SII to support the vaccine programmes in low and middle-income countries.

在印度4月停止出口之前，Covax依赖于SII的供应来支持中低收入国家的疫苗规划。

But exports have been slow and Covax has since relied on other vaccines.

但是，Covax的出口一直缓慢，而且此后一直依赖于其他疫苗。

Of the 700 million vaccines that have been delivered to 144 countries by Covax as of 14 December, around 40 million doses were provided by SII.

截至12月14日，Covax已向144个国家提供了7亿支疫苗，其中大约4000万支疫苗是由SII提供的。
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Around 28 million of those doses were supplied between January and April 2021, according to Covax.

根据Covax的数据，大约2800万剂疫苗是2021年1月至4月期间供应的。