QA问答：黑人真的害怕警察吗，即使他们是社区中正直的人？

Chris Everett
Sure.
One of my friends, and the worship pastor at my church, is a black man.
He is, to put it gently, about the least threatening person you could imagine. He’s kinda short, kinda fat, and drives a late model minivan. He’s hilariously non-threatening, and again, the worship pastor at a church which is sortof a ‘local institution’, and pretty much defines what “upstanding individual in the community” is.
Nonetheless, he is regularly followed around by the cops, and has had a variety of… interactions that would have gone differently if he was white.
It’s not like he’s getting arrested or beaten up, but there’s certainly a difference in how he’s treated because of skin color.
Look, this happened:
And while the cop was convicted of a crime, fired, and thankfully no one died, and this whole thing was a dumpster fire, you can’t tell me this happens had he been white.

当然
我的一个朋友，也是我教堂的牧师，是个黑人。
说得委婉点，他大概是你能想象到的最不具威胁性的人。他又矮又胖，开着一辆新款小货车。他很幽默，不具威胁性，他是教堂的牧师，教堂是一种“地方机构”，而且基本上定义了什么是“社区中正直的个人”。
尽管如此，他经常被警察跟踪，而且有各种各样的交流，如果他是白人的话，情况就会不同。
这并不是说他会被逮捕或殴打，但他肯定会因为肤色而受到不同的对待。
看看，发生了什么：
那个警察被判有罪，被炒了鱿鱼，幸好没人死，而这整件事就是一场垃圾箱大火，如果他是白人就不会发生这种事。

Kurt Guntheroth
Here’s a news flash. I’m white, and I fear police. If I had any interaction with the police, I’d be very careful about where my hands are. I’d refuse requests to search, I would expect the cops to be up to no good. The police have done this to themselves.

这是一则新闻快报。我是白人，我害怕警察。如果我和警察有任何接触，我会非常小心我的手在哪里。我会拒绝被搜查的请求，我认为警察不会干坏事。这是警察自己造成的。
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Habib
What you have to understand is that the experience of interacting with the police while black in America is fundamentally different from anything else.
A lot of non-blacks are genuinely curious about this. They assume that blatant racism must be a thing of the past. Surely, a police officer in the 21st century isn’t going to mistreat you just because you happen to be black! That’s ridiculous.
Yes, we think it’s ridiculous too. But it’s simply something you live with as a Black person. I don’t know a single educated Black person who hasn’t experienced this to some extent.
I was skeptical. I, too, thought that this was a thing of the past. I arrived here as an immigrant 16 years ago, and I thought American blacks needed to shut up about the racism thing already. I really did. In response, I was told that I was black, and that no matter how much I tried to forget about it or to deny that it was important, society would teach me.
Well, society did teach me. A few years ago, a black professor was arrested for having broken into his own house because he didn’t have his keys. He was arrested even after making it clear to the officer that he was in his own house. Obama said the police acted stupidly. Conservatives in America were more concerned about Obama supposedly disrespecting the police than they were about the fact that a professor had been arrested on his own property for… what exactly?
When white people see something like this, their assumption is that this is a really rare event. Some are so attached to the idea that racism no longer exists that they will immediately start coming up with justifications for the police officer’s behavior. I see this in the comments of YouTube videos all the time. And I unfortunately also see it here on Quora.
These events are not aberrant. They are part and parcel of normal policing in America. Not all of these make the news, but they’re not all that rare. I live in a very progressive community, home to a world-famous university hospital. A black doctor was arrested by the police because he looked like he didn’t belong in his neighborhood.
When he told the police that he was the Chair of Internal Medicine at the University, they laughed at him. Well, he is the freaking chair. Apparently, these officers were not aware that being black does not preclude one from being able to become a physician.
It’s infuriating. But, more than that, it’s just sad.
I’m very fond of dressing up. Part of it is because I like what I see in the mirror. But part of it is also that it serves as something of a shield. I find that people are more likely to give me the benefit of the doubt when I look like this:
But you can’t expect black people everywhere to look like this at all hours of the day. Sometimes, I want to wear sweatpants. And it would be nice to think that I can do that living in a nice neighborhood without having to worry about whether one of my neighbors will call the cops on me. And it would also be nice to think that the cops wouldn’t immediately assume that I was a criminal.
Unfortunately, that’s not the world we live in. I’m a physician. I have black friends who are physicians and pharmacists. We have all been racially profiled.
It sucks. When we tell you about this, it’s not because we are lazy or trying to make excuses. It really sucks. It’s like being told that you will always be suspicious because of your color. It’s like being told that you’re a second class citizen. It’s like being told that your complexion is a stain on your character. It’s like being told that you’re an inferior species, not worthy of the common respect due to every human being.
We can’t fight this fight alone. We need people who are not black to understand that this is a reality, right now. I’m not expecting you, a random reader who happens to be white, to fight this all on your own. But this behavior persists because it has the passive sympathy and tacit non-disapproval of most citizens. All I’m asking is for your sympathy. All I’m asking is that the next time you hear the story of a black person being mistreated or shot by a police officer, you remember that being black does not make someone a criminal, and that officers don’t have the right to be judge, jury, and executioner.

你必须明白的是，在美国黑人与警察打交道的经历与其他任何事情都是截然不同的。
很多非黑人真的对此很好奇。他们认为明目张胆的种族主义一定是过去的事了。当然，21世纪的警察不会因为你碰巧是黑人就虐待你！那太荒唐了。
是的，我们也认为这很荒谬。但这只是你作为一个黑人生活中的一部分。我认识的所有受过教育的黑人在某种程度上都经历过这些事情。
我是个多疑的人。我也以为这是过去的事了。16年前，我作为一名移民来到美国，我认为美国黑人应该停止谈论种族主义的事情。我真没想到。作为回应，我被告知我是黑人，无论我如何努力忘记它或否认它的重要性，社会都会让我明白这是事实。
社会确实教会了我。几年前，一位黑人教授因为没带钥匙闯入自己家而被捕。即使在他清楚地向警官表明他是在自己家里之后，他还是被逮捕了。奥巴马说警察的行为很愚蠢。美国的保守派更关心的是奥巴马对警察的不尊重，而不是一位教授因为什么原因在自己的房子里被捕。
当白人看到这样的事情时，他们会认为这是一个非常罕见的事件。有些人认为种族主义已经不复存在，于是马上开始为警察的行为找理由。我经常在YouTube视频的评论中看到这个。不幸的是，我也在Quora上看到了。
这些事件并非异常。他们是美国正常治安的重要组成部分。并非所有这些都能成为新闻，但它们也不是那么罕见。我住在一个非常进步的社区，世界著名的大学医院就在这里。一个黑人医生被警察逮捕了，因为他看起来不属于他的社区。
当他告诉警察他是这所大学的内科主任时，他们嘲笑他。显然，这些官员没有意识到，身为黑人并不妨碍他们成为一名医生。
这是让人生气。但更让人难过。
我很喜欢打扮。一部分是因为我喜欢我在镜子里看到的东西。但也有一部分原因是它起到了某种盾牌的作用。我发现，当我长这样的时候，人们更倾向于相信我是无辜的
但你不能指望任何地方的黑人全天都是这个样子。有时候，我想穿运动裤。如果我能住在一个不错的社区里而不用担心我的邻居会不会报警，那就太好了。而且如果警察不会马上认定我是罪犯那就更好了。
不幸的是，这不是我们生活的世界。我是一个医生。我有一些黑人朋友，他们是医生和药剂师。我们都有种族偏见。
糟透了。当我们告诉你这一点时，并不是因为我们懒惰或试图找借口。这真是糟透了。这就像有人告诉你，因为你的肤色，你总是很多疑的。这就像被人说你是二等公民一样。这就像别人说你的肤色是你性格上的污点。这就像被人说你是低等物种，不值得所有人的尊重。
我们不能独自战斗。我们需要非黑人明白，这是现实，就在现在。我不指望你，一个碰巧是白人的随机读者，独自与之抗争。但这种行为之所以持续存在，是因为它得到了大多数公民的被动同情和默认的不反对。我只需要你的同情。我希望你们下次再听到黑人被警察虐待或枪杀的事件时，请记住，身为黑人并不意味着某人就是罪犯，警察没有权利成为法官、陪审团或刽子手。

John Cole
I’m black. 6 ft tall. 210lbs, heavily built with a beard.
I also don’t smile a lot.
The thing I’ve learned is how scared white people tend to be of me, until I put them at ease (which is something I’m only just learning to do). This includes cops.
I was already very wary of police after Amadou Diallo (an African Immigrant like me) got killed very shortly after I arrived in this country. After seeing far less intimidating black men get shot at or killed repeatedly by police for various subjective indiscretions, over almost 20 years. I’ll be straight up with you.
Cops terrify me.
If I don’t have to deal with them I won’t. If my house or car or whatever gets broken into and the cost of what's been taken is something I think I can cover on my own, I won’t call the cops. I know 80% of them are probably cool individuals, I’ve seen good cops help out my friends and me (once) but all it takes is one bullet and one misunderstanding to end my life.

我是黑人，6英尺高，210磅，身材魁梧，留着胡子。
我也不怎么笑。
我了解到的是白人对我有多害怕，直到我让他们放松下来(这是我刚刚学会做的事)。这其中包括警察。
自从阿马杜·迪亚洛(像我一样的非洲移民)在我刚到这个国家不久就被杀后，我就对警察非常警惕。在近20年的时间里，我们目睹了黑人男性因为各种主观的不慎重而被警察多次射杀或杀害。我就跟你直说了。
警察恐吓我。
如果我不用和他们打交道，我就不会被恐吓。
如果我的房子或汽车或其他东西被人闯入，而我认为我可以自己承担损失的时候，我不会报警。我知道他们中80%可能是很冷酷的人，我看到过好警察帮助我和我的朋友(有一次)，但只需要一颗子弹和一个误会就能结束我的生命。

Andrea Krueger
I’m a yogi and licensed clinical social worker. I don’t know if you consider me an upstanding person or not. I’m also a Black American woman with a severe mental illness. I’ve had several encounters with police officers when my bipolar disorder and anxiety were untreated, and I fear the police.
I’m personally terrified of male cops.
I have PTSD from sexual childhood trauma so interactions with male officers responding to my crisis calls tend to turn out badly for me. I still have the physical scars as reminders.

我是瑜伽修行者和执业临床社工。我不知道你是否认为我是个正直的人。我也是一位患有严重精神疾病的美国黑人女性。当我的躁郁症和焦虑症没有得到治疗时，我遇到过几次警察，我害怕警察。
我个人很怕男警察。
我患有创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD)，所以与接听我的危机电话的男性警官互动，结果往往很糟糕。我身上的伤疤还在提醒着我。

Andrew Wiltshire
In the UK there is not really any “fear” of the police as such since we have a different system where police do not routinely carry firearms, but have an array if other measures like pepper spray and Tasers (although not all carry Tasers either). Our police are extensively trained in de-escalation techniques over confrontation.
Recently a police officer raped and murdered a young woman and it was a national news event as indeed are racist encounters between police and public.
The phrase used often is “policing by consent” and in general that means the police tend to treat the public as they deserve to be treated. I lived in a rough part of London and was indeed in a group harassed by police once but the area was a dodgy district crime-wise and it was not surprising that the police were “heavy handed”. In my dealings with the police anywhere other than Lewisham I have never had cause to feel threatened in any way.

在英国，黑人对警察并没有真正的“恐惧”，因为我们有一个不同的体制，警察通常不携带枪支，但如果有其他措施，如胡椒喷雾和泰瑟枪(尽管不是所有人都携带泰瑟枪)，则要有一组。我们的警察接受过广泛的训练以及在对抗中降低冲突的技巧。
最近，一名警察强奸并谋杀了一名年轻女子，这是一件全国性的新闻事件，警察和公众之间的种族主义冲突也是如此。
通常使用的短语是“征得同意的警务”，一般来说，这意味着警察倾向于以他们应该的方式对待公众。我住在伦敦一个治安不佳的地区，确实曾被警察骚扰过，但那是一个犯罪猖獗的地区，警察“严厉”也就不足为奇了。在我和警察打交道的过程中，除了刘易斯汉姆，我从来没有任何理由感到威胁。

John Johanson
I work in law enforcement and I am afraid of the police. It is natural to be a bit afraid when you know someone can snatch your freedom away or cost you a lot of money. However, There is an easy way to avoid the police. Anyone want to guess? Ok I will tell you because I am anxious and can't wait.
Despite what people say, skin color makes little difference to people including law enforcement. It is law breakers, people not complying with simple commands, people acting stupid, and people being in places where trouble is happening that naturally find themselves being scared. This also includes being intoxicated, high on drugs, waving a gun around etc. If you want jail to be in your future, or you want shot, tased, pepper sprayed, or have handcuffs put on you then do one of the above actions. Most of the time it is non-compliance over simple requests that gets people busted.

我在执法部门工作，我害怕警察。当你知道有人会夺走你的自由或花你很多钱时，你会感到有点害怕，这是很自然的。然而，有一个简单的方法可以避开警察。有人想猜猜吗？好吧，我会告诉你的，因为我很着急，等不及了。
不管人们怎么说，肤色对人的影响很小，包括执法人员。是违法者，是不服从简单命令的人，是愚蠢的人，是身处麻烦不断的地方的人，他们自然会感到害怕。这也包括醉酒，吸毒，挥舞枪等。如果在你的未来，你想要在监狱度过的话，或你想要被枪击，被电，被胡椒喷雾剂喷，或戴上手铐，那么你就做上面的事情（醉酒、吸毒……）。大多数情况下，不遵守简单的要求的人会被逮捕。

James Finn
My friend Sherman is an upstanding member of his community.
He's kind, hardworking, mild mannered, the owner of an immaculately maintained and manicured bungalow and garden, and just a generally hell of a good guy.
He's black, as it happens.
He's not afraid of the police in Detroit.
Even though he drives a beautiful new SUV and is quite solidly middle class, Sherman visibly and instinctively hesitates to cross Eight Mile Road.
He does it, but it makes him nervous.
He knows that as long as he stays within the boundaries of Detroit, he'll only be stopped by the police if he violates a traffic regulation.
He knows that outside the political bounds of Detroit that driving while black is a real thing.
Yes, Sherman is a black man who is afraid of the police, despite being an upstanding member of his community.
I wouldn't presume to speak of black people in general, although I know others like Sherman.

我的朋友谢尔曼是社区里正直的一员。
他心地善良，工作努力，举止温和，拥有一间保养完好和修剪完美的平房和花园，总的来说是个非常好的人。
碰巧他是黑人。
他不怕底特律的警察。
尽管他开着一辆漂亮的新SUV，而且是一个相当稳定的中产阶级，谢尔曼显然本能地对穿越八英里路犹豫不决。
他这么做了，但这让他很紧张。
他知道只要他呆在底特律的边界内，他只有在违反交通规则的情况下才会被警察拦下。
他知道，在底特律的政治界限之外，黑人开车是一件真实的事情。
是的，谢尔曼是一个害怕警察的黑人，尽管他是社区中正直的一员。
虽然我认识像谢尔曼这样的人，但我不敢笼统地说黑人。

Robert Strickland
I think you're misunderstanding a few concepts.
I don't live in fear of the cops. But I do get a sense of dread when one is following behind me. I've dealt with really good cops and some that were real assholes. And it really worries me that my son is now at the age where he can drive. My biggest concern is cops... instead it should be of him getting into an accident.
Cops don't care if you're an upstanding person when they pull you over. In fact, some seem to get a kick out of humbling and sometimes humiliating you when they see the pride in your eyes.
If I got pulled over and somehow got shot by the police, anyone that knows me (friend, coworker or family) would know that something was amiss. Its near impossible that I'd do something to purposely provoke an officer into shooting me.
But that wouldn't stop them from trying to run a smear campaign against me to label me as just another thug in the eyes of people that tend to believe that stuff.
They'd show some footage of a black man doing something bad, doesn't matter what, and claim it was me. Later it will be proven that it wasn't. There'll be a story about some crazy pictures of me on Facebook (though I don't really have any pictures other than me and family members doing family event type things).
People will argue back… but the person will always walk away feeling vindicated because of that video... that they never bothered to verify, and refused to listen when people try to tell them it's fake. It was on tv after all, so it must be true.
By the time they finish dragging my name through the mud, I'll be the pimp.
That's why they had to shoot me when I reached for the wallet to get the license they asked for.

我觉得你误解了一些概念。
我生活在对警察的恐惧中。但当有人跟在我后面时，我确实感到害怕。我跟好警察打过交道也跟一些混蛋打过交道。我儿子现在已经到了可以开车的年龄了，这真的让我很担心。我最担心的是警察…相反，而不是因为他陷入一场事故。
警察让你靠边停车时才不管你是不是正直的人。事实上，当他们看到你眼中的骄傲时，有些人似乎会从羞辱你的过程中获得快感，有时他们甚至会侮辱你。
如果我被警察拦下并被枪杀，任何认识我的人(朋友、同事或家人)都会知道出事了。而我几乎不可能做什么事故意激怒一个警官向我开枪。
但这并不能阻止他们试图对我进行诽谤，在那些倾向于相信这些诽谤的人眼里，他们会把我贴上另一个恶棍的标签。
他们会放一些黑人做坏事的录像，不管是什么，然后声称是我干的。接着就会证明事实并非如此。会有一个关于我在Facebook上的一些疯狂照片的事件(尽管除了我和家人做家庭活动之类的事情以外，我真的没有任何照片)。
人们会反驳，但那个人总是会因为那个视频而觉得自己是无辜的。他们从不去核实，当人们试图告诉他们这是假的时，他们也拒绝倾听。毕竟这是在电视上播出的，所以肯定是真的。
等他们把我的名声抹黑之后，我就成了皮条客。
所以当我伸手去拿他们要的驾照时他们不得不开枪打我。

Jeff Hall
*I* do. You should. Everyone should, including “black people”.
Our police forces are in a hard spot: they are expected to rush in when there absolute worst is happening. We know that and give them guns so that they may protect themselves and others. Of course, this leads others to intentionally target the cops for violence.
So you have folks who are routinely exposed to the worst our society has to offer, and they’re armed and subjected to occasional surprise violence.
It’s not unreasonable to assume that they will be a tad jumpy at the best of times, and they are not going to be having “the best of times” often.
So, I look both ways when I cross the streets because even though I technically have the right of way as pedestrian, I don’t really want to be the rightest guy in the cemetery. Similarly, I realize that cops may be having a bad day, and so I exercise caution around them: I try to not look offensive. I don’t jump out at them, act altered or crazy around them. If they start moving into my area, I take it slow and assume that they might have been informed that someone bearing my descxtion has been reported to be violent and give them as little reason to draw their weapon and shoot as possible.
The “black or not” issue isn’t important: it’s civilians and cops and we don’t want to get hurt.
And for those who think I’m bashing the cops: I’m not. While there certainly are bad cops, the vast majority are at least trying to help out the community at large.

我害怕，你应该也害怕，每个人都应该害怕警察，包括“黑人”。
我们的警察部队正处于困境中：当绝对最糟糕的情况发生时，他们就会冲进去。我们知道这一点，并给他们枪支，让他们保护自己和他人。
当然，这导致其他人故意将警察作为暴力目标。
所以有些人经常暴露在我们社会所能提供的最恶劣的环境中，他们有武器，偶尔遭受意外暴力。
假设他们在最好的时候会有点神经质是合理的，而且他们不会经常拥有“最好的时光”。
所以，当我过马路的时候，我会朝两边看，因为尽管严格来说我作为行人有先行权，但我真的不想成为墓地里最合适的人。同样，我也意识到警察们可能今天过得很糟糕，所以我在他们身边要小心谨慎:我尽量不让自己看起来很无礼。我不会突然出现在他们面前，在他们身边表现得很疯狂。如果他们开始进入我的区域，我会慢慢行动，并假设他们可能已经被告知有一个像我这样的人被举报有暴力倾向，并尽可能不让他们拔出武器开枪。
“是不是黑人”的问题并不重要:这是平民和警察的问题，我们不想受伤。
对于那些认为我在抨击警察的人，我没有。虽然确实有坏警察，但绝大多数人至少在努力帮助整个社区。

Xuanzi Zerene
I presume you mean African Americans, and not chimney sweeps (who are stereotypically actually black, after their job).
This varies greatly between communities.
In some communities there are bad police, and everyone either distrusts or fears the police. “Skin colour need not apply"
In some communities, the police target individuals with certain physical traits (e.g. dark skin) and/or ethnic backgrounds. The exact nature of this taagetting can vary tremendously of course, it can mean solely African Americans to anyone who isn't Anglo/Anglo-German American.
There are communities where there are no issues bared on superficial traits or ethnicity, and communities where the police are actually upstanding citizens.
Things vary greatly. It's important to realise this and not makebroadsweeping statements in either direction. It's also important that we work to make the police a service to the people, all the people, and not something to be feared — regardless of where you are.

我想你说的是非裔美国人，而不是扫烟囱的人(他们在工作之后通常都是黑人)。
这在不同社区之间差别很大。
在一些社区，警察很糟糕，每个人要么不信任警察，要么害怕警察。“不需要看什么肤色”
在一些社区，警察的目标是具有某些身体特征(如深色皮肤)和/或种族背景的人。当然，这种定位的确切性质可以有很大的不同，它可以只指非裔美国人，对任何不是盎格鲁/英裔美国人的人。
有些社区不存在看表面肤色或种族问题，有些社区的警察实际上是正直的公民。
这是有很大区别。重要的是要意识到这一点，而不是在任何一个方向上都泛泛而谈。同样重要的是，我们要努力使警察服务于人民，服务于所有的人民，而不是令人害怕的职业——无论你在哪里。

Barbara Ransom
I personally do not and have not ever feared the police. I have actually assisted in the arrest of a violent felon who was trying to attack the arresting officer.
Several years ago a few thugs tried to carjack me but instead I ran one of them over with my Chevy S10. Also the thug that was trying to attack the officer got my 9mm pointed at his head so he stopped resisting arrest.

我个人从来都不害怕警察。我曾协助逮捕过一个试图袭击逮捕警官的暴力重罪犯。
几年前，几个暴徒想劫我的车，但我用我的雪佛兰S10从其中一个暴徒身上碾了过去。还有那个想袭击警察的暴徒被我用9毫米手枪指着他的头，所以他停止了拒捕。

Chris Torgersen
I know a man who is a Nigerian immigrant. He’s not just an upstanding individual in the community; he’s a world-renowned doctor and researcher who runs an academic center. And he gets nervous about police. He’s especially afraid for his sons, who are quite tall and are young men. He has had bad experiences himself.
It’s pretty rare that I meet a Black person who does not have some degree of mistrust when it comes to police. Either they or someone they know have most likely had some kind of negative interaction with law enforcement, regardless of their own behavior or their standing in the community.

我认识一个人，他是尼日利亚移民。他不仅是社区中一个正直的人；他也是世界知名的医生和研究员，经营着一个学术中心。他看到警察会很紧张。他特别担心他的儿子们，他们又高又年轻。他自己也有过不好的经历。
我很少见到一个黑人在遇到警察时没有某种程度的不信任。无论他们自己的行为或他们在社会中的地位如何，他们或他们认识的人最有可能与执法部门有某种负面的关系。

Brian Bernardo
I will not speak for black people or their experience. It is not for me to opine about such things. However, one only needs simple observational and listening skills. People of color, and black people specifically, have been telling everyone about the way they are treated for fucking decades.

我不会为黑人或他们的经历说话。我不该对这样的事情发表意见。
然而，人们只需要简单的学会观察和倾听技巧。有色人种，尤其是黑人，几十年来一直在告诉每个人他们被对待的方式。

Troy Robinson
For me personally, I’m not afraid of the police.
Some blacks are. Some blacks aren't. A reason for identifying with one side of the coin could be based on personality, intellect, personal experience, affluence, prominence, etc….
Hard to answer a general question from an individual perspective.

就我个人而言，我并不害怕警察。
一些黑人害怕，但也有一些黑人并不害怕警察。不管害怕还是不害怕，其中的原因可能是基于个性、智力、个人经历、富裕程度、声望等....
很难从个人的角度回答这个问题。