英国面临“永久性”粮食短缺，并将“变得更糟”
UK faces ''permanent'' food shortages and it will ''get worse''
译文简介
“也许如果人们没有那么愚蠢，他们本不会面临由于他们自己无知和仇恨造成的食物短缺了。”
正文翻译
UK faces 'permanent' food shortages and it will 'get worse'
-A number of key workers missing from the supply chain is having a huge impact
英国面临“永久性”粮食短缺，并将“变得更糟”
——供应链中大量关键工人的缺失正在产生巨大影响
-A number of key workers missing from the supply chain is having a huge impact
英国面临“永久性”粮食短缺，并将“变得更糟”
——供应链中大量关键工人的缺失正在产生巨大影响
新闻简介：
一位行业官员警告说，消费者可以在超市货架上随意挑选自己想要的东西的日子已经结束了。
食品和饮料联合会的首席执行官伊恩·赖特表示，卡车司机短缺和大约50万农场工人缺失是罪魁祸首。
由于工作时间更短、工资更高，许多卡车司机都转向了亚马逊或乐购等在线零售商。
此外，很多工人都是欧盟公民，他们因为疫情和英国脱欧而被迫离开了英国。
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Remember to think critically when reading. This is from the same organisation currently lobbying to get special visas for lorry drivers and unskilled staff and who have publicly complained that their members are having to increase wages from minimum wage. The same organisation that STILL TODAY supports companies from training lorry drivers. The very same companies saying they have no drivers are the same ones not training lorry drivers.
阅读时要不忘住批判性思考。这个新闻来自一个目前正在游说为卡车司机和非熟练员工获得特殊签证，并公开抱怨其企业成员不得不提高最低工资的组织。这个组织至今仍然支持公司培训卡车司机。那些声称自己没有司机的公司，其实也是那些没有培训卡车司机的公司。
It's the same thing being echoed in the food service industry here in the states. "We can't find anyone to work! Everyone is lazy! Cut the bennies!" when in reality no one wants to wash dishes for 9.50 an hour 'part time' with no benefits for 30-35 hours a week.
在美国的食品服务行业也出现了同样的情况。“我们找不到人来干活！所有人都懒！”而在现实中，没有谁愿意干每周30-35个小时还没有福利的“兼职”洗碗。
Call me a cynic, but if your business relies on paying people as little as possible then I'm not going to shed a tear when you can't find enough people to employ.
你可以叫我愤青，但如果你的企业依赖于给员工尽可能少的工资，那么当你找不到足够的员工时，我不会同情你的。
The people who run these kinds of businesses advocate for the "invisible hand" of the free market handling things on its own and now they're complaining about the free market doing what they wanted it to do. The only difference now is that the shoes on the other foot and the workers get better options. Boohoo your business is going under, maybe treat people like human beings and give them a decent wage instead of treating them like a resource to be exploited. Frankly, they deserve to go bankrupt.
经营这类企业的人提倡让自由市场的“看不见的手”自己解决问题（不要监管），而现在他们却又抱怨自由市场按照他们的想法发挥职能（让他们给员工加工资）。现在唯一的不同是，风水轮流转了，工人们有了更好的选择。你的生意正在走下坡路，也许应该像对待人一样对待员工，给他们一份体面的工资，而不是像对待资源一样去剥削他们。坦率地说，这些老板就应该破产。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
They NEVER really want the invisible hand of the free market. They want corporate welfare safety net.
他们从未真正想要自由市场这只“看不见的手”。他们想要的是企业福利安全网。
Then they blame unemployment benefits as if that's a reliable enough income to sink the entire food service industry. When in reality what happened is career cooks/waiters were forced to get a new job during lockdown and realized that damn near any job is better than what they were doing. I have no sympathy for an industry that mostly survives through exploitation.
These business owners are pissed that the goverment isn't enforcing the existence of a serf class.
然后他们指责失业救济，好像这是一个足够可靠的收入，足以让整个食品服务行业沉没似的。现实中发生的事情是，职业厨师/服务员被迫在封锁期间找一份新工作，并意识到几乎任何工作都比他们现在做的好。我不会同情一个主要靠剥削来生存的行业。
这些企业主是在对政府没有强制维持农奴阶级的存在感到愤怒。
I jumped to carpentry five years ago after over a decade in kitchens, I will never go back to kitchen work again. There will always be a retail place hiring if I ever needed work same a restaurant. They're built and ran on exploitation.
我在厨房工作了十多年，五年前我开始做木工，我再也不会回到厨房工作了。如果我需要在同一家餐厅工作，总会有零售店在招人。它们是建立在剥削基础上的。
Specially the treating people well part is important. I'm currently working for a pretty profitable company but the new owner is a fucking asshole and almost everyone wants to quit for being underpaid, overworked and bring demeaned almost every day. Yet he wonders why we can't find new workers for $3/hr under the average wage and why he can't keep people for long
Literally, if he was nicer and less controlling people would be pretty happy and A LOT more work would get done. I'm a crew manager and I already lost count of how many times people threatened to walk out or refuse working cause of something he said or did to the workers
特别是“对员工好”的部分很重要。我目前在一家相当赚钱的公司工作，但新老板是个tmd混蛋，几乎每个人都想辞职，因为薪水太低，工作过度，并且几乎每天都感觉人格被贬低。就这样，他还在琢磨着为什么找不到肯接受比平均工资低3美元/小时的新工人，为什么他无法长期留住员工
真的，如果他能更好些，少些控制欲，人们就会很开心，很多工作就会完成。我是一名小组经理，我已经记不清有多少次人们因为他对工人说的话或做的事而威胁要罢工或拒绝工作了
Maybe he views treating people like shit to be a perk of his job, one he doesn't want to give up?
也许他认为把人当S一样对待是他提供的一个“工作福利”，一个他不想放弃的“福利”？
Some businesses really do operate on razor sharp margins. It's not fun working for those businesses because everything is always so tight and it causes a lot of stress for everyone.
That being said, yea, usually employee wages are the last thing owners look at increasing when they do manage to have the funds to do so. I know plenty of places where if you don't ask they won't increase your wage at all and even then it's something silly like a nickel for every year in service.
有些企业的利润确实非常高。但在这些公司工作一点也不好玩，因为每件事都很紧张，给每个人都带来了很大的压力。
话虽如此，是的，通常情况下，当老板有资金增加员工工资时，他们最不愿意看到的就是增加工资。我知道很多地方，如果你不去要求，他们就根本不会给你涨工资，即使涨了工资，你也只能得到比如“每年涨五分钱”这种2B的结果。
Veg is getting harder to get. I'm visiting my boyfriend and couldn't get the veg I wanted the other day. Shelves were bare. I noticed bread is another one in short supply. I life in a city and noticed slight shortages a few weeks back.
蔬菜越来越难买到了。几天前我去看我的男朋友，却买不到我想要的蔬菜。货架是光秃秃的。我注意到面包也是短缺物资的一种。我住在一个城市里，几个星期前注意到物资有点短缺了。
Having visited it always amazed me how perfect looking the veg in UK supermarkets would be. In the US a lot of our veggies we get are local are all different shapes and sizes, whereas when I was over there in the UK every pepper was the same size and color, every tomato was near identical, etc. I imagine in the UK with the climate most of the veggies are imported, I just wonder where all the 'ugly' vegetables end up.
参观过这里之后，我总是惊讶于英国超市里的蔬菜是多么的完美。在美国，我们买的很多本地蔬菜都是不同形状和大小的，而当我在英国的时候，所有的辣椒都是一样的大小和颜色，所有的番茄都几乎一样，等等。我想在英国这种气候下，大部分蔬菜都是进口的，我只是想知道这些“丑陋”的蔬菜最后到哪里去了。
More & more supermarkets are selling 'wonky' or imperfect veg. In Aldi recently I picked up some 'wonky' strawberries for £1, the same size punnet of regular strawberries was £2 or £2.50. I know some places have done big boxes of imperfect veg for a low price.
It's funny that people will pay more for more regular shaped fruit or veg that they'll chop up anyway, but like you say, our produce generally looks really good here so it's probably just how people expect it to look.
越来越多的超市出售“不一致”或不完美的蔬菜。最近，我在阿尔迪买了一些“不一致”的草莓，价格是1英镑，而同样大小的一篮子普通草莓的价格是2英镑或2.5英镑。我知道有些地方以低价出售大盒不完美的蔬菜。
有意思的是，人们会花更多的钱购买形状更规则的水果或蔬菜，但不管怎样他们最终都会切碎它们，但就像你说的，我们的产品通常看起来很好，所以这种长相规则的样子可能就是人们希望它看起来的样子。
Probably at restaurants and ready food makers, although I bet tons is destroyed or used as animal feed. We can also buy wonky veg, but the price of that has also shot up.
可能去了餐馆和熟食店，不过我打赌有很多都被销毁或用作了动物饲料。我们也可以买到不一致的蔬菜，但那些的价格也（因为物资短缺）飙升了。
I wonder if it would help to cook more seasonal veg, like in winter it's cabbages and onions and root veg, boring stuff like that but that's how they did it in the old days. No fresh lettuce or fruit until spring, so buy a bunch of fruit in the summer/fall and preserve them as jams. Milk into cheese, eggs and cream into eggnog. Cornmeal, dried beans, pickled veg. In some ways it's very fulfilling to cook and eat only what is seasonally and locally available. Takes time but it's a fun hobby and more environmentally sustainable.
我想知道烹饪更多的时令蔬菜是否会有帮助，比如在冬天，烹饪卷心菜、洋葱和根菜之类的并不美味的食物，但过去他们就是这么做的。春天之前没有新鲜的莴苣和水果，所以在夏秋季节买一堆水果，把它们做成果酱保存起来。牛奶加奶酪，鸡蛋和奶油加蛋酒。玉米粉，干豆，腌菜。在某些方面，只烹饪和吃当地的时令食物是非常满足的。这需要时间，但这是一个有趣的爱好，而且更环保。
Who you going to train to be a lorry driver? The restrictions mean that you can only use certain people, the training is expensive and long and they won't all pass, and what job are those people *currently* doing instead and do they want to spend 15 hours on the road in traffic queues with an enforced overnight sleep in a layby away from their family?
It's just not as simple as click your fingers and magic up some drivers, and never was. Losing all the EU drivers means we have to magic up an awful lot of drivers very quickly, and those people already WERE NOT HGV drivers.
My dad has had a top-class HGV licence for decades. He has no interest in long-distance driving or multi-drop delivery work. In fact, he's effectively retired a year early in the year we most need HGV drivers because he simply has no interest in that.
你要培训谁当卡车司机呢？这些行业限制意味着你只能培训某些特定人群，培训既昂贵又耗时，而且他们还不会都能拿到驾照，这些人“目前”在做什么工作呢？他们愿意在路上排15个小时的队，不得不整夜睡在路边停车处，远离家人吗？
它就是不像打个响指然后变出一些司机那么简单，从来就不是。失去了所有的欧盟司机意味着我们必须很快“变出”大量的司机，而这些人已经不再是卡车司机了。
我爸爸拥有顶级重型货车驾照已经有几十年了。他对长途驾驶和多次卸货工作不感兴趣。事实上，他实际上在我们最需要货车司机的那一年的前一年退休了，因为他对开卡车没有兴趣。
Yeah that's what the article says, but also due to Brexit many of the drivers had to leave Britain
是的，这篇文章是这么说的，但也因为英国脱欧，很多司机不得不离开英国
It's also about conditions. Drivers are treated like scum by the system, but shoulder huge legal responsibility personally.
这也与工作条件有关。司机被这个体系当成人渣对待，但个人却承担着巨大的法律责任。
I started my application to be a school bus driver, but didn’t finish training because I would be given SO much responsibility with so little pay.
I’m talking only $15 an hour, for two 2 hour shifts a day. It’s a split shift so you can’t get another job either and because it’s part time there’s no benefits.
That $15/hr pay not nearly enough for:
1、ensuring 30-45 kids arrive safely to school and from school (would be legally responsible, etc) and on time. You are legally responsible for this and your life will be ruined if you mess up.
2、not killing anyone with your giant impossible-to-stop-on-a-dime bus. Protecting idiot drivers and pedestrians from themselves. You are also, obviously, legally responsible for this. Even though I swear some drivers are suicidal.
3、Making sure your bus is safe to drive by checking like 50 things twice a day. This would be unpaid but it’s part of your job. If something goes wrong you are legally responsible.
4、Dealing with distractions/screaming/yelling/etc from your kids in the bus.
I’m not a parent, but if I was, I would be advocating to pay bus drivers more. Isn’t the safety of that many kids worth more than $60 a day?
我开始申请成为一名校车司机，但没有完成培训，因为我要承担那么多的责任，却只拿这么少的薪水。
我说的是每小时15美元，一天两小时的轮班。因为是轮班制，所以你也找不到另一份工作，而且因为是半工，所以没有福利。
每小时15美元的工资远远不够你：
1、确保30-45个孩子安全到校和放学回家（将承担法律责任等等）并准时。你对此负有法律责任，如果你搞砸了，你的生活就毁了。
2、不能用你那辆根本不可能一下刹住的巨大巴士去撞死人。要保护愚蠢的司机和行人。显然，你也要对此承担法律责任。尽管我发誓路上有些司机有作死倾向。
3、每天两次检查50样东西，确保你的巴士安全。这是无偿的，但这就是你工作的一部分。如果出了问题，你要负法律责任。
4、扛住车上的小P孩们制造的让你分心的事情/尖叫/叫喊等等。
我不是一个家长，但如果我是，我会提倡给校车司机更多的钱。这么多孩子的安全难道不值每天60美元吗？
Imagine not having workers cuz you aren't competitive in wages. Its their own damn fault. Pay better.
想象一下因为你发的工资没有竞争力而缺少工人。这是企业自己的错。支付更高的工资。
The wages have gone up and retention bonuses have been introduced, and I believe will continue to go up for quite a while for truckers in the UK now because we're not relying on cheap european labour paying people scraps. The shortage does not seem that bad right now - costs of stuff have not gone up and we're introducing more jobs to the economy. Will be interesting to see where it goes!
工资上涨了，留职奖金也出台了。我相信，英国卡车司机的工资在相当长一段时间内还会继续上涨，因为我们不再依赖廉价的欧洲劳动力只支付垃圾的工资。现在的短缺似乎并没有那么严重——商品价格没有上涨，我们正在为经济引入更多的工作岗位。看看事态的发展会很有意思！
My mum works in the office for a haulage company. Their drivers wage's have gone from £11 to £18 per hour in the last couple of weeks in an effort to retain their staff. They'll be £25 per hour by Christmas. Guaranteed.
我妈妈在一家运输公司上班。为了留住员工，他们的司机工资在过去几周从每小时11英镑涨到了18英镑。到圣诞节，每小时25英镑。保证会涨。
If only the UK could become a member state in a unx created to provide better trade and economies.
如果英国能成为一个旨在提供更好贸易和经济的联盟的成员国就好了。
There is a similar shortage of drivers on the continent although not quite as acute. East European drivers came to the UK generally because they could earn roughly double that of their own country.
欧洲大陆也存在类似的司机短缺问题，不过没有那么严重。东欧司机来到英国，通常是因为他们的收入大约是自己国家的两倍。
Yeah more cheap eastern European labour, what a fix.
是的，更多的东欧廉价劳动力，真是个好办法。
This is forcing the UK to actually increase wages and hire British citizens rather than rely on cheap European labour. This is great for the working class.
They have increased my Dads wages by quite a bit thanks to this and they have created so many jobs and sped up the process to become a trucker and have allowed ex public and armed service veterans to join the profession easier, helping ex-servicemen get straight back into work. This is a huge win. The costs of things haven't gone up, it will be interesting to see how it goes but it seems absolutely fine as of now.
这迫使英国真正提高工资，雇佣英国公民，而不是依赖廉价的欧洲劳动力。这对工人阶级来说是件好事。
得益于此，他们为我父亲的工资增加了不少，创造了很多工作岗位，加快了成为一名卡车司机的进程，让退伍军人更容易加入这个职业，帮助退伍军人直接回到工作岗位。这是一个巨大的胜利。事情的成本没有上升，看看它如何发展将是有趣的，但目前看来绝对没问题。
And keep our workers wages low? No thank you. EU is set up to benefit big business. As with any free trade arrangement, the Eurozone enables free flow of capital while labor has to stay put; literally speaking, labor is free to move from country to country, but this takes a back seat to individual economic concerns, as most people under capitalism don't have the means to uproot and move to a better destination. Thus, as capital moves to locations with lower labor costs, it in turn depresses wages throughout the Eurozone as member countries struggle to compete. Thus the standards of living for the average worker in the strongest EU economies is lowered to that of the weakest economies, even as the rate of return on capital for the capitalists in those countries rises to the highest levels ever. And inversely, the ability for large companies from stronger EU economies to exploit and plunder the labor of weaker EU economies can harm the capital interests of those weaker economies.
保持我们工人的低工资吗？不，谢谢。欧盟的建立是为了让大企业受益。与任何自由贸易安排一样，欧元区允许资本自由流动，而劳动力不得不留在原地；从字面上讲，劳动力也可以自由地从一个国家迁移到另一个国家，但这要让位于个人经济问题，因为在资本主义制度下，大多数人没有办法（经济实力）迁移到一个更好的地方。因此，随着资本流向劳动力成本较低的地区，欧元区各国的工资水平也会随之下降，因为欧元区成员国之间的竞争非常激烈。因此，欧盟最强经济体的普通工人的生活水平降到了最弱经济体的水平，尽管这些国家的资本家的资本回报率上升到了有史以来的最高水平。反过来，来自欧盟较强经济体的大公司剥削和掠夺较弱经济体劳动力的能力，可能也会损害这些较弱经济体的资本利益。
We not only told the people driving the lorries and picking the fruit and working the food processing lines that we didn’t want them, but made them feel unwelcome during the transition. We told them to go home, and they went home.
Now we’re acting all surprised at the result of our actions. Even if we offer those people work, they might not want to come back. I wouldn’t!
我们不仅告诉开卡车、摘水果和在食品加工厂工作的人我们不要他们，而且让他们在过渡期间感到不受欢迎。我们让他们回家去，然后他们就真回家去了。
现在我们却对自己行为的结果感到惊讶。即使我们给这些人提供工作，他们也可能不想回来了。换我就不会！
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
And it's a good thing. Like, don't these workers have fruit and food processing in their own countries? So how does it make sense for them to go to foreign countries to do these jobs? The only way it makes sense is exploitation. And it's bad. So the UK needs to make these jobs attractive to domestic workers. It's a good thing, not some kind of failure.
这是一件好事。比如，这些工人在自己的国家就没有摘水果和食品加工的工作岗位吗？那他们还跑去国外做这些工作有什么意义呢？唯一合理的解释就是剥削。这是坏的。因此，英国需要让这些工作对本国工人具有吸引力。这是件好事，并不是什么失败。
I’m loving this competition of companies trying to get more workers through pay increase. I hope it continues so I get paid more at my retail job.
我喜欢这种公司间通过增加工资来招到更多工人的竞争。我希望它能继续下去，这样我的零售工作就能得到更多的报酬了。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
Maybe if people weren't so stupid they wouldn't have to face food shortages that they themselves created via ignorance and hate.
也许如果人们没有那么愚蠢，他们本不会面临由于他们自己无知和仇恨造成的食物短缺了。
getting real tired of seeing corporate media frx this as a "labor shortage". "We've tried nothing and we're all out of ideas!" Pay your goddamn workers!
看到企业媒体将这一现象框定为“劳动力短缺”，我真的是受够了。“我们什么办法都没试过，我们就没办法了！”给你们那该死的工人加工资！
“The drivers and farm workers are to blame”.... not the companies not paying enough to entice people to work, no it’s the workers.
“司机和农场工人是罪魁祸首”……不是没有支付足够的钱来吸引人们工作的公司，是工人的错。
I work at an all organic grocery store in the US, so my experience probably isn't perfectly relatable to this situation, but my store has been struggling to keep things in stock for quite some time now. For context, before the pandemic we aimed to not be out of stock on more than 150 items by the end of the day (I know 150 sounds like a lot, but most grocery stores have thousands of items on the shelves). We now average around 400 items out of stock every day. The companies making the food can't get the labor to keep up with demand. Or the places they buy the ingredients can't. Sometimes both. Maybe they have product, but the fulfillment company can't get enough delivery drivers. There are issues in every step of the supply chain.
More sobering to me are the supply issues in our produce department, where I mostly work. Again, we are all organic, so we draw from a fraction of the global agricultural infrastructure. But we are seeing shortages everywhere due to unusual (but soon to be commonplace) weather. Droughts and fires on the Pacific coast of north America, hurricanes and tropical storms wiping out entire tropical crops. Soon coffee prices will be soaring as climate change narrows the regions where it can grow.
People seem to forget that just a generation or so ago it was unusual to eat meat every day. People ate meat centric dishes in the US on the weekend or for special occasions. When a fruit or vegetable wasn't in season, you simply couldn't eat it. We are so used to having an apple from new Zealand, a steak from Nebraska, and a coffee from Ethiopia that we take for granted the massive effort it takes for that to be possible.
I think we are going to see a huge constricting of the kinds of foods we have access to in the next few decades
我在美国一家全是有机食品的杂货店工作，所以我的经验可能与这种情况并不完全相关，但我的商店已经挣扎于保持库存很长一段时间了。在大流行之前，我们的目标是在一天结束时库存不少于150种（我知道150种听起来很多，但大多数杂货店的货架上都有数千种商品）。我们现在平均每天缺货400种左右。生产食品的公司无法得到充足的劳动力满足需求。要么买食材的地方买不到。有时两种情况都有。也许他们有产品，但配送公司找不到足够的送货司机。供应链的每一个环节都有问题。
让我更清醒的是我主要就职的生产部的供应问题。再说一次，我们都是有机产品，所以我们从全球农业基础设施的一小部分中提取。但由于不寻常（但很快就会变得普遍）的天气，我们看到各地都出现了短缺。北美太平洋沿岸的干旱和火灾，飓风和热带风暴摧毁了整个热带作物。随着气候变化使得咖啡种植区的范围缩小，咖啡价格很快就会飙升。
人们似乎忘记了，就在一代人以前，每天吃肉是不寻常的。在美国，人们会在周末或特殊场合吃以肉类为主的菜肴。当水果或蔬菜不是当季的时候，你根本吃不到它。我们已经习惯了新西兰的苹果、内布拉斯加州的牛排和埃塞俄比亚的咖啡，以至于我们认为这是理所当然的，但需要付出巨大的努力才能实现。
我认为在接下来的几十年里，我们将会看到食物种类的大幅减少
Worked at a grain trading House when the Brexit referendum shocked the world. The first thing our CEO said: “We are going to make a killing selling food to the UK!”
当英国脱欧公投震惊世界时，我在一家谷物贸易公司工作。我们的CEO当时说的第一句话是：“我们要把食品卖到英国大赚一笔！”