QA问答：什么事在你们国家很正常，但在世界其他地方很奇怪？（南非篇）
What is normal in your country but weird in the rest of the world?
译文简介
南非是世界上文化最多元的国家之一，有极度富裕的人，也有极端贫困的人，有11种官方语言，气候宜人，还有一些文化上很奇怪的地方。
正文翻译
Marco Prins, Lives in South Africa Upvoted by Abhinav Kumar Mishra, M.A Geography, Jawaharlal Nehru University (2021)
South Africa is one of the most culturally diverse countries in the world, with extreme wealth, extreme poverty, 11 official languages, fantastic weather and some cultural oddities, such as the following:
南非是世界上文化最多元的国家之一，有极度富裕的人，也有极端贫困的人，有11种官方语言，气候宜人，还有一些文化上很奇怪的地方，比如：
South Africa is one of the most culturally diverse countries in the world, with extreme wealth, extreme poverty, 11 official languages, fantastic weather and some cultural oddities, such as the following:
南非是世界上文化最多元的国家之一，有极度富裕的人，也有极端贫困的人，有11种官方语言，气候宜人，还有一些文化上很奇怪的地方，比如：
1. Gated Communities
You find them everywhere. Unfortunately SA has one of the highest crime rates in the world (we rank 8th for homicide rate). Because of this, most new housing schemes in South Africa are being built in “security estates”, which is essentially a commercially funded neighbourhood with walls and electric fencing around it.A sight like this is pretty common in South Africa.It ranges from affordable suburban housing (here you can see two - one on each side of the road) all the way to upmarket estates (usually golf estates) like this one.At the gate there will be a manned security booth and visitors are required to sign in and usually also provide identification.Some of these estates are beautiful, but you will never see someone walking out of those gates
1. 封闭的社区
你到处都能找到它们。不幸的是，南非是世界上犯罪率最高的国家之一（谋杀率排名第八）。正因为如此，南非大多数新的住房都是在“安全区”建造的，安全区基本上是一个商业社区，周围有围墙和电围栏。这样的景象在南非很常见，从经济适用的郊区住宅（这里你可以看到两个，路两边一边一个）一直到高档住宅（通常是高尔夫庄园）。在入口处会有一个有人值守的安全岗亭，参观者需要签到，通常还需要提供身份证明。有些房产很漂亮，但你永远不会看到有人走出这些大门。
You find them everywhere. Unfortunately SA has one of the highest crime rates in the world (we rank 8th for homicide rate). Because of this, most new housing schemes in South Africa are being built in “security estates”, which is essentially a commercially funded neighbourhood with walls and electric fencing around it.A sight like this is pretty common in South Africa.It ranges from affordable suburban housing (here you can see two - one on each side of the road) all the way to upmarket estates (usually golf estates) like this one.At the gate there will be a manned security booth and visitors are required to sign in and usually also provide identification.Some of these estates are beautiful, but you will never see someone walking out of those gates
1. 封闭的社区
你到处都能找到它们。不幸的是，南非是世界上犯罪率最高的国家之一（谋杀率排名第八）。正因为如此，南非大多数新的住房都是在“安全区”建造的，安全区基本上是一个商业社区，周围有围墙和电围栏。这样的景象在南非很常见，从经济适用的郊区住宅（这里你可以看到两个，路两边一边一个）一直到高档住宅（通常是高尔夫庄园）。在入口处会有一个有人值守的安全岗亭，参观者需要签到，通常还需要提供身份证明。有些房产很漂亮，但你永远不会看到有人走出这些大门。
2. Squatter camps
Yeah, I know you have squatter camps in your country too. But do they look like this?If you are curious about the contrast between the luxury estates and these run-down squatter camps - This is what the highest inequality in the world looks like.More than 5 million people in South Africa live in squatter camps. That’s almost 10% of our total population. You can explore this street if you want to get an idea of what it looks like up close
2. 棚户区
是的，我知道你们国家也有棚户区，但是它们是这样的吗？如果你想知道豪华社区和这些破败的棚户区之间的对比——这就是世界上最不平等的样子。南非有500多万人住在棚户区。这几乎是我们总人口的10%。如果你想近距离了解棚户区的情况，你可以探索这条街。
Yeah, I know you have squatter camps in your country too. But do they look like this?If you are curious about the contrast between the luxury estates and these run-down squatter camps - This is what the highest inequality in the world looks like.More than 5 million people in South Africa live in squatter camps. That’s almost 10% of our total population. You can explore this street if you want to get an idea of what it looks like up close
2. 棚户区
是的，我知道你们国家也有棚户区，但是它们是这样的吗？如果你想知道豪华社区和这些破败的棚户区之间的对比——这就是世界上最不平等的样子。南非有500多万人住在棚户区。这几乎是我们总人口的10%。如果你想近距离了解棚户区的情况，你可以探索这条街。
3. Braai
We cook meat on open fires. It’s roughly like a barbecue but we use real wood instead of charcoal or gas. It’s called Braai, and we absolutely love it!Not only is this the number 1 social event for South Africans over weekends, we also do it frequently on weekdays and even when the weather is bad! Come rain or shine, with family or with friends, even when alone! We don’t need a reason to celebrate. We even build these things into our houses!We also have a National Braai Day. If there’s one thing that unite our many cultural groups, it’s Braai! However, we are not always very good at uniting in South Africa:
3. 野餐烧烤
我们在明火上烤肉。这和烧烤差不多，但我们用的是实木，而不是木炭或天然气。这种方式被称为野餐烧烤，我们非常喜欢！这不仅是南非人在周末的头号社交活动，我们也经常在工作日这么做，甚至当天气不好的时候！无论下雨还是晴天，与家人或朋友，即使是独自一人！我们不需要庆祝的理由。我们甚至把这些东西建在我们的房子里！我们还有一个国家烧烤日。如果有一件事能把我们众多的文化群体团结起来，那就是野餐烧烤！然而，我们南非并不总是很善于团结。
We cook meat on open fires. It’s roughly like a barbecue but we use real wood instead of charcoal or gas. It’s called Braai, and we absolutely love it!Not only is this the number 1 social event for South Africans over weekends, we also do it frequently on weekdays and even when the weather is bad! Come rain or shine, with family or with friends, even when alone! We don’t need a reason to celebrate. We even build these things into our houses!We also have a National Braai Day. If there’s one thing that unite our many cultural groups, it’s Braai! However, we are not always very good at uniting in South Africa:
3. 野餐烧烤
我们在明火上烤肉。这和烧烤差不多，但我们用的是实木，而不是木炭或天然气。这种方式被称为野餐烧烤，我们非常喜欢！这不仅是南非人在周末的头号社交活动，我们也经常在工作日这么做，甚至当天气不好的时候！无论下雨还是晴天，与家人或朋友，即使是独自一人！我们不需要庆祝的理由。我们甚至把这些东西建在我们的房子里！我们还有一个国家烧烤日。如果有一件事能把我们众多的文化群体团结起来，那就是野餐烧烤！然而，我们南非并不总是很善于团结。
4. Racial segregation
I know this is bad in many countries but I don’t think there’s any place where it’s as visible as in South Africa. Above is a picture of a “taxi rank” and as you can see, everyone in the picture is black. White people don’t use public transport (with some very limited exceptions) because they see it as dangerous and dirty.Sadly, due to our previous apartheid government system, most of the poverty in South Africa is spread amongst black people. According to this article, 11.4% of black South Africans live in squatter camps and only 0.3% white people.This picture shows a black squatter camp next to a rich white neighbourhood:Apart from living in different neighbourhoods, black & white people also mostly shop at different grocery stores, go to different beaches and go to different schools. It’s getting better in bigger cities but in suburban areas this segregation is still very prent
4. 种族隔离
我知道这种情况在很多国家都很糟糕，但我认为没有哪个地方能像南非那样明显。上面是一张“出租车站”的图片，正如你所看到的，图中的每个人都是黑色的。白人不使用公共交通（只有极少数例外），因为他们认为公共交通既危险又肮脏。可悲的是，由于我们之前的种族隔离政策制度，南非的贫困主要集中于黑人。
根据这篇文章，11.4%的南非黑人住在棚户区，而白人只有0.3%住在棚户区。这张照片显示了一个黑人棚户区紧挨着一个富裕的白人社区：除了住在不同的社区，黑人和白人也大多在不同的杂货店购物，去不同的海滩，去不同的学校。大城市的情况有所改善，但在郊区，这种隔离仍然非常普遍。
I know this is bad in many countries but I don’t think there’s any place where it’s as visible as in South Africa. Above is a picture of a “taxi rank” and as you can see, everyone in the picture is black. White people don’t use public transport (with some very limited exceptions) because they see it as dangerous and dirty.Sadly, due to our previous apartheid government system, most of the poverty in South Africa is spread amongst black people. According to this article, 11.4% of black South Africans live in squatter camps and only 0.3% white people.This picture shows a black squatter camp next to a rich white neighbourhood:Apart from living in different neighbourhoods, black & white people also mostly shop at different grocery stores, go to different beaches and go to different schools. It’s getting better in bigger cities but in suburban areas this segregation is still very prent
4. 种族隔离
我知道这种情况在很多国家都很糟糕，但我认为没有哪个地方能像南非那样明显。上面是一张“出租车站”的图片，正如你所看到的，图中的每个人都是黑色的。白人不使用公共交通（只有极少数例外），因为他们认为公共交通既危险又肮脏。可悲的是，由于我们之前的种族隔离政策制度，南非的贫困主要集中于黑人。
根据这篇文章，11.4%的南非黑人住在棚户区，而白人只有0.3%住在棚户区。这张照片显示了一个黑人棚户区紧挨着一个富裕的白人社区：除了住在不同的社区，黑人和白人也大多在不同的杂货店购物，去不同的海滩，去不同的学校。大城市的情况有所改善，但在郊区，这种隔离仍然非常普遍。
5. Boys do not have a choice of hairstyle
This applies mostly to Afrikaans schools which are typically very conservative. We usually have a school rulebook that will state a maximum length (in cm) for your hair, and it may not touch your ears or collar. It sounds like nonsense but there is actually zero tolerance for this. Most schools still have compulsory school uniforms too
5. 男孩没有选择发型的权利
这主要适用于非常保守的南非荷兰语学校。我们通常有一个校规手册，该手册规定了你的头发的最大长度（厘米），头发不能碰到你的耳朵或衣领。这听起来像是胡说八道，但实际上这个规则是零容忍的。大多数学校也仍然有强制性的校服。
This applies mostly to Afrikaans schools which are typically very conservative. We usually have a school rulebook that will state a maximum length (in cm) for your hair, and it may not touch your ears or collar. It sounds like nonsense but there is actually zero tolerance for this. Most schools still have compulsory school uniforms too
5. 男孩没有选择发型的权利
这主要适用于非常保守的南非荷兰语学校。我们通常有一个校规手册，该手册规定了你的头发的最大长度（厘米），头发不能碰到你的耳朵或衣领。这听起来像是胡说八道，但实际上这个规则是零容忍的。大多数学校也仍然有强制性的校服。
6. Politicians with no formal education
South Africa has had a number of politicians that never finished elementary school, such as our former president Jacob Zuma - and he can’t read numbers!There are many examples in this video
6. 没有受过正规教育的政客
南非有很多政客从未上过小学，比如我们的前总统雅各布·祖玛——他甚至连数字都看不懂！这个视频中有很多例子。
South Africa has had a number of politicians that never finished elementary school, such as our former president Jacob Zuma - and he can’t read numbers!There are many examples in this video
6. 没有受过正规教育的政客
南非有很多政客从未上过小学，比如我们的前总统雅各布·祖玛——他甚至连数字都看不懂！这个视频中有很多例子。
7. Lobola
This is a tradition in certain black cultures where a man pays a price to his bride’s father so that he can marry her. The price is paid not with money, but cows! It’s still practiced today - And there’s even an app for it!
7. 彩礼
这是某些黑人文化的传统，男人要向新娘的父亲付出代价才能娶到她。付出的代价不是钱，而是牛！直到今天，人们还在实行——甚至有一个专门为彩礼制作的应用程序。
This is a tradition in certain black cultures where a man pays a price to his bride’s father so that he can marry her. The price is paid not with money, but cows! It’s still practiced today - And there’s even an app for it!
7. 彩礼
这是某些黑人文化的传统，男人要向新娘的父亲付出代价才能娶到她。付出的代价不是钱，而是牛！直到今天，人们还在实行——甚至有一个专门为彩礼制作的应用程序。
8. Load shedding
We have an issue with electricity supply in South Africa, which has caused our government-owned electricity company Eskom to enforce rolling blackouts for the last 12 years or so. They call it “load shedding”. They usually put up a schedule for each week and when the time comes, your power is turned off. Everybody gets a turn! It can range from just a 2 hour power cut every couple of days, up to 6 hours per day.You won’t find a South African household without a flashlight.And yeah we have an app for that too!
8. 负载调节，用电限制
南非的电力供应存在问题，导致我们的国有电力公司Eskom在过去12年左右的时间里实行轮流停电，他们称之为“负载调节”。他们通常会把每周负载调节的日程安排好，当时间一到，你的电源就会被关闭。每个人都有可能（被限电）！负载调节也许是每隔几天断电2小时，也许是每天断电6小时。南非家家户户都有手电筒。是的，我们也专门为此设计了一个应用程序。
We have an issue with electricity supply in South Africa, which has caused our government-owned electricity company Eskom to enforce rolling blackouts for the last 12 years or so. They call it “load shedding”. They usually put up a schedule for each week and when the time comes, your power is turned off. Everybody gets a turn! It can range from just a 2 hour power cut every couple of days, up to 6 hours per day.You won’t find a South African household without a flashlight.And yeah we have an app for that too!
8. 负载调节，用电限制
南非的电力供应存在问题，导致我们的国有电力公司Eskom在过去12年左右的时间里实行轮流停电，他们称之为“负载调节”。他们通常会把每周负载调节的日程安排好，当时间一到，你的电源就会被关闭。每个人都有可能（被限电）！负载调节也许是每隔几天断电2小时，也许是每天断电6小时。南非家家户户都有手电筒。是的，我们也专门为此设计了一个应用程序。
9. Blend of African and European cultures
Although there is still a lot of segregation, there are many unique cultural gems that come from black and white South Africans working together! This is a song by one of our best musicians, Johnny Clegg. He incorporated lots of traditional African musical elements into his band.I hope that South Africa can one day resolve its inequality issues and be an example to the world
EDIT: Since posting this answer and getting lots of responses I’ve thought about a few more things.
9. 非洲和欧洲文化的融合
虽然种族隔离仍然存在，但南非有许多独特的文化瑰宝是由黑人和白人共同创造的！这是我们最好的音乐家之一，约翰尼·克莱格。他把许多非洲传统音乐元素融入到他的乐队中。我希望南非有一天能够解决其不平等问题，成为世界的榜样。编辑：自从发布了这个答案并得到了很多回复后，我考虑了更多的事情。
Although there is still a lot of segregation, there are many unique cultural gems that come from black and white South Africans working together! This is a song by one of our best musicians, Johnny Clegg. He incorporated lots of traditional African musical elements into his band.I hope that South Africa can one day resolve its inequality issues and be an example to the world
EDIT: Since posting this answer and getting lots of responses I’ve thought about a few more things.
9. 非洲和欧洲文化的融合
虽然种族隔离仍然存在，但南非有许多独特的文化瑰宝是由黑人和白人共同创造的！这是我们最好的音乐家之一，约翰尼·克莱格。他把许多非洲传统音乐元素融入到他的乐队中。我希望南非有一天能够解决其不平等问题，成为世界的榜样。编辑：自从发布了这个答案并得到了很多回复后，我考虑了更多的事情。
10. Brandy & coke
Don’t ask me about the origins of this notorious drink. For some reason, “double brandy and coke” is a very common beverage - especially in Afrikaans communities but you could find it in just about every bar in SA. It’s so common in Afrikaans bars, you could walk in and simply ask for a “double” and the bartender will pour you a double brandy & coke. Not for the faint-hearted.
10. 白兰地酒和可乐
别问我这种臭名昭著的饮料是怎么来的。出于某种原因，“双份白兰地和可乐”是一种非常常见的饮料——尤其是在南非的阿非利卡人社区，你可以在南非的每一家酒吧找到它。这在南非荷兰语的酒吧里很常见，你可以走进酒吧，简单地点一杯“双份”，酒保就会给你倒双份白兰地和可乐。这种饮料不适合胆小的人。
Don’t ask me about the origins of this notorious drink. For some reason, “double brandy and coke” is a very common beverage - especially in Afrikaans communities but you could find it in just about every bar in SA. It’s so common in Afrikaans bars, you could walk in and simply ask for a “double” and the bartender will pour you a double brandy & coke. Not for the faint-hearted.
10. 白兰地酒和可乐
别问我这种臭名昭著的饮料是怎么来的。出于某种原因，“双份白兰地和可乐”是一种非常常见的饮料——尤其是在南非的阿非利卡人社区，你可以在南非的每一家酒吧找到它。这在南非荷兰语的酒吧里很常见，你可以走进酒吧，简单地点一杯“双份”，酒保就会给你倒双份白兰地和可乐。这种饮料不适合胆小的人。
11. Service staff do everything for you
We have an unusually low minimum wage and high unemployment rate. This means there are plenty of people willing to do work at very cheap prices. It has resulted in a culture of very unique service standards.This is a picture of a checkout area at a South African grocery store. Each cash register has 2 staff members - The one rings the items up and the other one packs them into a bag. Pretty much every grocery store is like this.
Visit a filling station and you’ll notice that there are petrol attendants waiting to fill your car up for you. I’ve never seen a self-service filling station and I don’t know anyone who knows how to operate a petrol pump. At a busy station there would be one person filling your car, another one washing your windows, and another one checking your oil, water and tyre pressure.Also, if you visit any suburban house on a weekday, they probably have two domestic staff working around the house. One that cleans inside the house and another one that works in the garden. It’s not only rich people that have domestic staff here, it’s common even for the lower middle class.And wherever you park your car around town, you’ll likely be stormed by several “parking guards” offering to look after your car for some spare change.
11. 服务人员可以为你做一切
我们有异常低的最低工资和高失业率。这意味着有很多人愿意以非常低的工资工作，这导致南非形成了一种非常独特的服务标准的文化。这是一张南非杂货店收银台的图片。每台收银机都有2名工作人员——一名负责结账，另一名负责将物品装进包里。几乎每家杂货店都是这样的。参观加油站，你会注意到有加油站服务员等着给你的车加油。我从来没有见过自助加油站，我也不知道谁会操作加油泵。
在繁忙的车站，会有一个人给你的车加油，另一个人擦洗车窗，还有一个人检查你的机油、水和轮胎压力。而且，如果你在工作日去郊区的房子，可能会有两名家政人员在房子周围工作。一个打扫房间，另一个在花园工作。在这里，不仅富人有佣人，甚至中下阶层也有佣人。无论你把车停在城里的哪个地方，都可能会有几个“停车警卫”冲过来，他们会为了一些零钱帮你看车。
We have an unusually low minimum wage and high unemployment rate. This means there are plenty of people willing to do work at very cheap prices. It has resulted in a culture of very unique service standards.This is a picture of a checkout area at a South African grocery store. Each cash register has 2 staff members - The one rings the items up and the other one packs them into a bag. Pretty much every grocery store is like this.
Visit a filling station and you’ll notice that there are petrol attendants waiting to fill your car up for you. I’ve never seen a self-service filling station and I don’t know anyone who knows how to operate a petrol pump. At a busy station there would be one person filling your car, another one washing your windows, and another one checking your oil, water and tyre pressure.Also, if you visit any suburban house on a weekday, they probably have two domestic staff working around the house. One that cleans inside the house and another one that works in the garden. It’s not only rich people that have domestic staff here, it’s common even for the lower middle class.And wherever you park your car around town, you’ll likely be stormed by several “parking guards” offering to look after your car for some spare change.
11. 服务人员可以为你做一切
我们有异常低的最低工资和高失业率。这意味着有很多人愿意以非常低的工资工作，这导致南非形成了一种非常独特的服务标准的文化。这是一张南非杂货店收银台的图片。每台收银机都有2名工作人员——一名负责结账，另一名负责将物品装进包里。几乎每家杂货店都是这样的。参观加油站，你会注意到有加油站服务员等着给你的车加油。我从来没有见过自助加油站，我也不知道谁会操作加油泵。
在繁忙的车站，会有一个人给你的车加油，另一个人擦洗车窗，还有一个人检查你的机油、水和轮胎压力。而且，如果你在工作日去郊区的房子，可能会有两名家政人员在房子周围工作。一个打扫房间，另一个在花园工作。在这里，不仅富人有佣人，甚至中下阶层也有佣人。无论你把车停在城里的哪个地方，都可能会有几个“停车警卫”冲过来，他们会为了一些零钱帮你看车。
12. We drive everywhere
Due to the issues with crime on public transport and also on the streets, we’ve developed a culture of driving everywhere. If you think the US public transport infrastructure is bad - In SA it’s pretty much non-existent.
12. 我们去任何地方都开车
由于公共交通和街道上的犯罪问题，我们形成了去任何地方都开车的文化。如果你认为美国的公共交通基础设施很差——那在南非公共交通几乎不存在。
Due to the issues with crime on public transport and also on the streets, we’ve developed a culture of driving everywhere. If you think the US public transport infrastructure is bad - In SA it’s pretty much non-existent.
12. 我们去任何地方都开车
由于公共交通和街道上的犯罪问题，我们形成了去任何地方都开车的文化。如果你认为美国的公共交通基础设施很差——那在南非公共交通几乎不存在。
13. Traffic lights are called a “robot”
I’m not sure why, but nobody calls them “traffic lights”, everyone calls them “robots”! Also, carjacking is called “hijacking” even though it’s not in the sky.
13. 交通灯被称为“机器人”
我不知道为什么，但没人叫它们“交通灯”，每个人都叫它们“机器人”！此外，汽车劫持也被称为“劫机”，即使不是发生在空中。
I’m not sure why, but nobody calls them “traffic lights”, everyone calls them “robots”! Also, carjacking is called “hijacking” even though it’s not in the sky.
13. 交通灯被称为“机器人”
我不知道为什么，但没人叫它们“交通灯”，每个人都叫它们“机器人”！此外，汽车劫持也被称为“劫机”，即使不是发生在空中。
14. Hauling people on the back of a bakkie
A pickup truck is called a “bakkie” here (pronounced bucky) and it’s common for people here (especially in the small construction industry) to carry their staff on the back of the bakkie.Don’t get stuck in traffic behind a bakkie like this - They will stare at you! Haha
14. 用皮卡载人
皮卡在这里被称为bakkie，在这里，人们（尤其是从事小型建筑行业的人）经常用皮卡载员工。别堵在这样的车后面，他们会盯着你看的，哈哈。
A pickup truck is called a “bakkie” here (pronounced bucky) and it’s common for people here (especially in the small construction industry) to carry their staff on the back of the bakkie.Don’t get stuck in traffic behind a bakkie like this - They will stare at you! Haha
14. 用皮卡载人
皮卡在这里被称为bakkie，在这里，人们（尤其是从事小型建筑行业的人）经常用皮卡载员工。别堵在这样的车后面，他们会盯着你看的，哈哈。
15. Amazing natural beauty & wildlife
This is obviously normal in many other countries, but in my opinion it’s worth a mention because not every country has such beautiful scenery. You have to see it with your own eyes to realise just how beautiful this place is.Cape Town、Camps Bay、Kruger National Park、Cedar Mountains、Knysna、Namaqualand、Canola fields, Western Cape、Blyde River Canyon，If anything can make up for the crime, this is it!
15. 令人惊叹的自然美景和野生动物
这在其他许多国家显然是正常的，但在我看来，这值得一提，因为不是每个国家都有如此美丽的风景。你必须亲眼看看，才能明白这个地方有多美丽。开普敦、坎普斯湾、克鲁格国家公园、雪松山、奈斯纳、纳马夸兰、油菜地、西开普、布莱德河峡谷。如果有什么可以弥补罪行，那就是这些了！
This is obviously normal in many other countries, but in my opinion it’s worth a mention because not every country has such beautiful scenery. You have to see it with your own eyes to realise just how beautiful this place is.Cape Town、Camps Bay、Kruger National Park、Cedar Mountains、Knysna、Namaqualand、Canola fields, Western Cape、Blyde River Canyon，If anything can make up for the crime, this is it!
15. 令人惊叹的自然美景和野生动物
这在其他许多国家显然是正常的，但在我看来，这值得一提，因为不是每个国家都有如此美丽的风景。你必须亲眼看看，才能明白这个地方有多美丽。开普敦、坎普斯湾、克鲁格国家公园、雪松山、奈斯纳、纳马夸兰、油菜地、西开普、布莱德河峡谷。如果有什么可以弥补罪行，那就是这些了！
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“South Africa has had a number of presidents that never finished elementary school”
Nelson Mandela - Studied Law
Thabo Mbeki - Studied Economics
Kgalema Petrus(lol) Motlanthe - Studied Business
Jacob Zuma - No education
Cyril Ramaphosa - Studied law
That's all our Democratic Presidents that South Africa had. Are you referring to the Apartheid State Presidents? All of the democratic presidents are well educated except Zuma.
“南非有很多总统都没有读完小学”？
纳尔逊·曼德拉——学习法律
Thabo Mbeki——学习经济学
Kgalema Petrus Motlanthe——学的是商学
雅各布·祖玛——没有教育
西里尔·拉马福萨——学习法律，这就是南非所有的民主时期的总统。你指的是国家种族隔离时期的总统吗？除了祖马，所有的民主时期的总统都受过良好的教育。
Hey, I was actually under the impression that there was more. But I edited that section now, thanks
我还以为还有更多呢，但我已经编辑了那部分，谢谢。
Apartheid ended a while ago. Why doesn’t the government build apartments for those people? At least in a high rise the squatters would have clean water, plumbing, electricity, and maybe even an air conditioner. Better fire safety and security, too.
种族隔离已经结束一段时间了。政府为什么不为这些人建公寓呢？至少在高层建筑中，居住者会有干净的水、下水道、电，甚至可能有空调，更好的消防安全和安保。
I think there’s just not enough money for that. 5 million people is a lot, and this excludes people outside of the squatter camps who are still below the poverty line (some estimates say 56% of SA is below the poverty line). It would also probably be a continuous expenditure since many people are unemployed so they won’t be able to afford maintenance on the buildings. I think the main focus is to provide education for everyone, so that they can afford housing themselves over the long term
我觉得是因为没那么多钱。500万人口是一个很大的数字，这还不包括居住在棚户区之外、仍然生活在贫困线以下的人（有人估计，56%的南非人生活在贫困线以下）。这也可能是一项持续的支出，因为许多人失业，所以他们将无法负担建筑的维修费用。我认为应该主要着眼于为每个人提供教育，这样他们就能长期负担得起自己的住房了。
More to the point is the fact that too much money is being squandered and stolen by the ANC government to achieve such a lofty obxtive.
更重要的是，为了实现这样一个崇高的目标，非国大政府浪费了太多的钱，偷走了太多的钱。
Buddy, you have no idea how fast those squatters will wreck any government built apartments, even if the government built decent and structurally adequate apartments. Our experience here in New Orleans, Louisiana, in the United States with government built projects was dismal to say the least!
兄弟，即使政府建造了体面和结构合适的公寓，你根本不知道那些非法居住者会以多快的速度破坏任何政府建造的公寓。根据我们在新奥尔良，路易斯安那州的经验，美国政府建设的项目可以说是令人沮丧的。
South Africa isn’t America. If they are allowed to buy the units, the outcome will be different. People buy apartments in many countries. The property management company has a lot of say in how owners manage their units. For many people, moving into a place with security, clean running water, and reliable electricity is heaven on earth.
南非不是美国。如果允许他们购买这些公寓，结果将是不同的。很多国家的人都买公寓房，物业管理公司对业主如何管理他们的单位有很大的发言权。对许多人来说，搬到一个安全、有干净的自来水和可靠的电力的地方就是人间天堂。
Search for “Nkandla” on Google and you will find the compound of Jacob Zuma where R250 000 000 was spent on “improvements” the tax payer paid for. That is only a small example. How many houses do you think could have been build for the poor with that money? He did not have approval for that. And NOTHING was done about it. Nobody was held accountable and nothing has been recovered…
在谷歌上搜索“Nkandla”，你会找到雅各布·祖玛的住所，那里花费了纳税人2.5亿兰特（约合1.16亿人民币）的“改造”费用，这只是一个小例子。你觉得用这些钱能给穷人建多少房子？他（的这笔改造费用）没有得到批准，但却什么也没发生，没有人被追究责任，也没有恢复任何东西……
Spending money to improve the lives of people (such as funding reliable and frequent public transport, clean high-rise housing and building more power plants to end this load-shedding bullshit) means well… all these Rands are going to the public and not the parasitic elites.There's more than enough money and resources in South Africa but clearly none of it's going where it's supposed to.
花钱改善人们的生活，比如资助可靠和频繁的公共交通、清洁的高层住宅和建造更多的发电厂来结束这种屎一样的负载调节肯定很好啊，所有这些花费都是为了公众，而不是寄生的精英。南非有足够的资金和资源，但显然这些资金没有流向应该去的地方。
Because the ANC is preoccupied with stealing and looting the country bare and dont think about anything else
因为非国大一心只想着窃取和掠夺这个国家，而不考虑其他任何事情。
i think this is one of nice answers i have ever read where the writer has mentioned both Negatives and Positives about their country with equal Strength. After being to Johannesburg and Pretoria, i can say i have seen these things first hand. Way to Go (y)
我认为这是我读过的一个很好的回答，作者提到了他们国家的优点和缺点。在去过约翰内斯堡和比勒陀利亚之后，我可以说我亲眼目睹了这些事情。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
This was really enlightening. It reminds me of my native country,Kenya. Maybe less racial segregation but we have very deep rooted tribalism. I can relate to the blackouts and the high fence gated communities and the fact the white people never use public transport.
这个回答真的很有启发性。这让我想起了我的祖国肯尼亚。也许种族隔离减少了，但我们有根深蒂固的部落文化。我能联想到停电、高围栏的社区以及白人从不使用公共交通的事实。
Interesting - I never realised that Kenya shares these traits with us!
有趣——我从来没有意识到肯尼亚和我们有这些共同点！
Hopefully the racial tensions in South Africa will de-escalate as blacks, whites, and coloured people begin to see each other for who they are — South Africans — and not be judged by their skin colour. A South Africa with high equality is possible and will happen.
随着黑人、白人和有色人种开始都以作为南非人的身份看待彼此———而不是以肤色来评判对方，南非的种族紧张局势有望缓解。一个高度平等的南非是可能的，也将会实现。
For the most part everyone gets on very well. Only politics keeps racism alive and keeps the poor poor while robbing from the rich/middleclass.
在大多数情况下，每个人都相处得很好。只是政治让种族主义继续存在，让穷人继续贫穷，同时抢劫富人和中产阶级。
No different than in the US.
和美国没有什么不同。
As far as segregation is concerned, I think my city Port Elizabeth is way more integrated than almost any other in SA. Each one of my decades-long friends is of a different ethnicity and each one is partnered/married with someone of another ethnicity. Per chance, not by design. I mostdef was not waiting for the Immorality Act to be repealed to enjoy love adventures with women from many ethnicities. Nah aaah, there was no way I was depriving myself.I guess I may have been an oddity as far as public transport was concerned as I enjoyed taking minibus taxis in many areas of my city, even when I was able to buy cars cash. In fact, for some reason a large number of my students and trainees at my private tertiary institution chose to pay cash, so I’d regularly carry between 40K to about 180K with me in a minibus taxi.Ya got me when it comes to high walls, your image of an electric fence is almost trifling, my home perimeter looks like a prison wall.
就种族隔离而言，我认为我的城市伊丽莎白港比南非几乎任何其他城市都更融合。我的每一个几十年的朋友都来自不同的种族，而且每个人都和另一个种族的人结婚。这是偶然的，不是有意如此。我最确定的是，《不道德法案》还没被废除的时候，我就去享受与来自不同种族的女人的爱情冒险。不，我不可能剥夺自己的权利。
就公共交通而言，我想我可能是个怪人，因为即使我能买得起车，我也喜欢在城市的许多地方乘坐小型公共汽车。事实上，由于某些原因，我的许多学生和培训生在我的私人职业培训机构选择支付现金，所以我经常随身携带4万到18万兰特（1.79万-8万人民币）乘坐小型巴士。说到高墙，你眼中的电栅栏几乎是微不足道的，我家的周边看起来就像监狱的围墙。
From PE? Lekker! I’m from just up the road in slummies
你来自伊丽莎白港？有意思，我就来自顺那条路而上的贫民窟。
Wow if you think those squatter camps are bad, you haven't seen South or Southeast Asia. Also, load shedding is very common in South Asia too.
哇，如果你认为这些棚户区很糟糕，你还没见过南亚或东南亚的。此外，限电在南亚也很常见。
Load shedding, what are you saying I live in a small town and still gets 24 hours electricity.
（南亚）限电？你在说啥呢？我住在一个小镇上，仍然有24小时的电力供应。
You say you live in Delhi, a small town?
你说你住在德里，一个小镇？
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
I used to live I Delhi for studies before lockdown , currently living in my home town a small town in Uttarakhand
我在被封锁前住在德里学习，现在住在我的家乡，北阿坎德邦的一个小镇。
All of SA's problems would go away if the government would let the competent people rule it's institutions, and unfortunately they happen to be white so under mewsures like BEE, that will never happen. So here we are today, the country's economic situation is getting worse by the day
如果政府让有能力的人统治，所有南非的问题都会消失，不幸的是，他们碰巧是白人，所以在《黑人振兴法案》这样的措施下，这永远不会发生。所以我们今天到了这种地步，国家的经济形势一天比一天糟。
Yes if the government is able to get us out of debt by creating growth, investing in skills development and trying to eliminate unemployment things wouldn’t look so dreadful.Unfortunately, those who are incompetent have been placed in high positions and the corrupt politicians who steal from the poor are Hero Worshiped. I really hope we’ll able to dig ourselves out of this hole.
是的，如果政府能够通过创造经济增长、投资技能发展和努力消除失业来让我们摆脱债务，事情就不会变得那么可怕。不幸的是，那些无能的人被置于高位，而那些从穷人那里偷东西的腐败政客被奉为英雄。我真的希望我们能从这个困境中走出来。
The problem in any country is always the government. They dont create wealth nor have any. They only have access to money from the private sector through taxation or through debt by borrowing from your future. Government is self serving. The least amount of intrusion they make the more prosperous and happy a nation will be. Compotence is not a colour. It just happens the current regime is black, has marxist ideologies so will ultimately fail.
这个问题在任何国家都是很严重的。他们既没有创造财富，也没有财富。他们只能通过税收或通过债务从私人部门获得资金。政府是自我服务的。他们的介入越少，国家就会越繁荣，越幸福。是否有能力不取决于肤色。只是现在的政权是有马克思主义意识形态的黑人，所以最终会失败。
I'm so sorry to hear that you current regime is extremely left, in a developing country this leads to a catastrophic failure…do economically liberal options have any proponents?
我很遗憾听到你们现在的政权是极端左翼的，在一个发展中国家这会导致了灾难性的失败……自由经济的选择有支持者吗？
These so called competent people ruled for the last 200 years, did that improve the life of the indigenous people ?
过去的200年都是由这些所谓的有能力的（白）人统治，这改善了土著人的生活了吗？
When appropriate public transport, such as reliable and safe trains and buses, existed it was used, but as it hardly exists anymore it is not used, especially as mny people now have their own vehicles.
如果南非存在适当的公共交通，如可靠和安全的火车和公共汽车，那就有人使用，但由于公共交通几乎不存在了，那当然没人使用，特别是许多人现在有自己的车辆。
The poverty and social inequality are not at all weird if you live in Brazil. The ‘squatter camp next to rich neighbourhood’ situation is very common, one place in Morumbi has both right next to each other, without even a road between them, just a wall. And gated communities are also very common here, for the überrich.
如果你住在巴西，贫穷和社会不平等一点也不奇怪。“富人区旁边的棚户区”的情况非常普遍，在Morumbi的一个地方，两者相邻，甚至没有道路，只有一堵墙。封闭式社区在这里也很常见，比如überrich。
In Pakistan we've had 20 hour load shedding and also every 1 hour on 1 hour off.With no planned load shedding.
在巴基斯坦，我们已经限电20个小时了，有时每隔一个小时来电，下一个小时停电。完全没有计划的限电。
Where in Pakistan, I am living in Lahore and there is hardly any load shedding except some overload tripping that too is due to extremely hot & humid weather.
我住在巴基斯坦的拉合尔，除了极端炎热和潮湿的天气，几乎没有任何限电措施。
Is it true that that the threshold for black students is a lot lower as compared to the whites and Asians to study medicine?
黑人学生学医的门槛真的比白人和亚洲学生低很多吗？
Yes, this is for any field of study, not just medicine
是的，这适用于任何领域，不仅仅是医学。
But; has it been a successful strategy of the State? I mean, has it really improved the living standards of the young black people of SA?
但这是一个成功的国家战略吗？我的意思是，这种政策真的提高了南非黑人年轻人的生活水平吗？
No it has not! All that it accomplished was create a generation that is under qualified and can’t cope. They did not lower the standards to assist anybody but to make themselves look better in the eyes of the public. Instead of investing in better training facilities and teachers and creating jobs the ANC employed 1000’s of sub educated people in needless positions in government owned entities like Eskom and SAA (South African Air ways) and those entities have collapsed. As an example at any other airline there is 17 ground personnel that handles a plane. SAA has 47!! SA has gone from a food exporter to a food importer and from a producer of goods to an importer of goods. The government does very little to even TRY and protect our farmers producing the food because most of them are still white and will be for generations because no one is investing in training black farmers and the white farmers who do try and help their black counterparts get 0% support from a government that is more interested in lining their own pockets than getting rid of corruption and actually improving the live of ANY of it’s citizens… Go check White Farm Murders on Facebook. You will NOT see that in the mainline news because they do not want it known!
并没有！这个政策的结果只是造就了一代不合格、无法应付竞争的人。他们不是为了帮助任何人而降低标准，而是为了让自己在公众眼中看起来更好。非国大没有投资更好的培训设施和教师，也没有创造就业机会，而是在Eskom（南非国家电力公司）和SAA（南非航空公司）等政府所有的实体中雇佣了1000名未受过良好教育的人担任不必要的职位，而这些实体已经倒闭。举个例子，任何其他航空公司都是由17名地勤人员负责维护一架飞机，而南非航空公司是47人！
南非已经从一个食品出口国变成了一个食品进口国，从一个商品生产者变成了商品进口商。政府很少甚至试着保护我们生产粮食的农民，因为他们中的大多数仍是白人，而且下几代都将是白人，那些试图帮助黑人农民的白人农民没有得到政府的支持，而政府更感兴趣的是中饱私囊，而不是摆脱腐败，真正改善公民的生活……去脸书上查查白人农场谋杀案吧，你不会在主流新闻上看到，因为他们不想让人知道！
I was about to ask you if those living in the squatter settlements were predominantly black, until I found out the the answer farther down in your post... much like as in India, ending formal discrimination, in our case untouchability, has had little effect on the economic and social disparities between groups. But your government should have done a better job after the fall of apartheid, you had a chance.
我本来想问你住在棚户区的人是不是主要是黑人，直到我在你的帖子里找到了答案……就像在印度一样，结束正式的歧视（在我们的例子中是贱民）对不同群体之间的经济和社会差距没有什么影响。但是你们的政府在种族隔离制度垮台后应该做得更好，你们有机会。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
Yeah I think you are right in that it will take a much longer time to improve these issues - Especially for a relatively small economy. You really need to see it in real life to understand the scale of the issue.I’m curios about the situation in India though, which groups are the ones living in relative poverty? Or at least in your region
是的，我认为你是对的，改善这些问题需要更长的时间——特别是对于一个相对较小的经济体。你真的需要在现实生活中看到它，才能理解这个问题的规模。我对印度的情况很好奇，哪些群体生活相对贫困？或者至少说说在你所在的地区（哪些群体生活相对贫困）。
Fantastic answer! 1, 2, 6, 9, 11 and 15 are definitely not weird here, in Brazil. Some things are simply identical.
很好的答案！1、2、6、9、11和15在巴西这里绝对不奇怪。有些东西是完全相同的。
Your descxtion of South Africa is very much what I noticed when I rode motorcycle around the eastern/northeastern part of the country a couple of years ago. The mix of very rich and very poor areas, all the electric fences around houses, beautiful nature and fantastic national parks, some lodges with only white people and some with only black people, most people very friendly to us but also pickpockets looking at my wallet at public restrooms, clean areas and areas with a lot of rubbish i the nature. All this contrasts makes my feelings about South Africa confused.
你对南非的描述正是我几年前在南非东部以及东北部骑摩托车时所注意到的。非常富有和非常贫困地区挨在一起，电动栅栏围起来的房子，美丽的大自然和神奇的国家公园，有些旅馆只有白人，有些只有黑人，大多数人对我们很友好，但在公共场所也有扒手在盯着我的钱包，所有这些对比让我对南非感到迷惑。
Lived in Johannesburg (Sandton) for sometime. Our house too had electrical fences. Even though the area was very very upmarket and nice. And, yes the natural beauty is unparalleled.
在约翰内斯堡（桑顿）住过一段时间，我们的房子也有电围栏，尽管那地方很高档很漂亮。是的，这里的自然美无与伦比。
Good one, we just had 12 hours of “load shedding" which is basically that the government has stolen all the money for maintenance of power stations.Corruption is a joke that everyone knows, human rights abuses are a daily occurrence and now we're allowed to eat endangered species like black rhinos.The place is a joke, but it's got nice weather and scenery. Also the only country to have race based relief during a worldwide pandemic.Oh and a few of the politicians have their fingers in illegal cigarettes so they've banned the purchase of legitimate cigarettes.
很好，我们刚刚有12个小时的“限电”，基本上政府偷走了所有用于维护发电站的钱。腐败是每个人都知道的笑话，侵犯人权每天都在发生，现在我们被允许吃濒临灭绝的物种，比如黑犀牛。这地方是个笑话，但天气和风景都很好。南非也是唯一一个在全球疫情大流行期间以种族为基础进行救济的国家。哦，还有一些政客染指非法香烟，所以他们禁止购买合法香烟。
How can they cut power? What about fridges, morning wakers, phone batteries, and most importantly people under external medical equipment?
他们怎么能切断电源呢？那冰箱、闹钟、手机呢，最重要的是使用外置医疗设备的人呢？
We do run into issues with household equipment taking damage or food getting spoilt. I think hospitals have power generators on standby
我们确实遇到过家庭设备损坏或食物变质的问题，至于医院，我想已经准备好发电机了。
Pretty much all the things you just described are omnipresent in my country India too… things are getting better now but we still have a long way to go. Best wishes to everyone.
你刚才描述的几乎所有事情在我的国家印度也无处不在，现在情况正在好转，但我们还有很长的路要走。祝福大家。
My exact experience with South Africa. However there is a lot of unemployment among whites also.The fear of being attacked is so damn real that we can’t walk out into public foot path or greens. Education is highly prized and understood but again it is clannish. Gender inequality and the violence as way of life is very common. There are clans and migrants all over. The ways are different.
根据我在南非的具体经历，白人中也有很多人失业。被攻击的恐惧是如此真切，以至于我们都不敢走进公共步道或绿地。教育是被高度重视和理解的，但它同样是家族性的。性别不平等和暴力作为一种生活方式是非常普遍的，到处都是生活方式不同的部落和移民。
if only this ANC could have more balls to give give black people land south africa might be a better place for most.
如果非国大能给黑人更多的机会，南非对大多数人来说可能会是一个更好的地方。
Absolutely. The government has so much land. There is also all the tribal lands and people who are given RDP houses that do not have title deeds. There is no need to take away already productive land. The whole thing is a political smoke screen of divide and conquer. The country has so much potential if only people could see politics always was and is the problem. Power to the people and not the state!
绝对的。政府有这么多的土地，还有所有部落土地和被授予RDP房屋的人，他们没有地契。没有必要夺走已经具有生产力的土地。整件事就是一个分裂和征服的政治烟幕。如果人们一直能看到政治的问题，那么这个国家还有很大的潜力。权力属于人民，而不是国家！
Wow , I used to thought south africa was a developed country
哇，我以前以为南非是个发达国家。
We do have highly developed areas which are predominantly white.
我们也有高度发达的地区，主要是白人区。
Are things changing now
现在情况有变化吗？
It’s changing but very slowly
情况正在改变，但非常缓慢。
Oh yes it is but only for those who were previously advantaged under apartheid
哦，是的，但仅限于那些以前在种族隔离制度下占优势的人。
Why are there so huge queues for taxi/bus? This bissiness is profitable since so many people are ready to pay for taxi. Why not increase the number of taxies?
为什么打车或等公交要排这么长的队？这种生意是有利可图的，因为很多人愿意付出租车钱，为什么不增加出租车的数量呢？
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
Wow once again with the racial propoganda. White people doesn't use public transport because whites acount fon 90 percent of victims of violent vrime being stoned and beaten to death we have no other choice but to stay away and pay more than we can to stay safe and why not tell them of the systematic execution of white farmers and their families because of their skin colour or that whites property is taken away from them by force without any compensation.
哇，又有种族宣传了。白人不使用公共交通工具，因为白人受害者占暴力犯罪的90%，被石头攻击，被打到死。我们没有其他选择，只能远离是非，付更多钱以保证我们的安全，为什么不告诉人们，白人农民和他们的家人因为他们的肤色而被系统性地处决，或者白人的财产被强行夺走而没有任何补偿。
I am Somalian and there was Somali business man killed brutally by young and old South africans,,,best thing to do is basically to get away from them also Indians and Pakistanis and other africans like Nigerians Ugandans were attack has well by South Africans so you have to understand that certain areas are very dangerous.
我是索马里人，索马里商人曾经被年轻和年老的南非人残忍地杀害的，最好就是远离他们。还有印度人和巴基斯坦人以及其他非洲人比如尼日利亚人和乌干达人被南非人攻击，所以你必须知道某些特定的区域是非常危险的。
Don't forget to shate that your fellow Somalis open tuck shops and sell loads of fake and expired goods to poor people who live far from the city, including fake food, cold drinks mixed with god knows what, fake detergents, fake Nappies and sanitary pads rebranded as famous brands, when south Africans report them they bribe police officers and hence South Africans take the law to their hands and set your shops on fire!! Also mention how your people come here and assume ownership of our spaces, killing South Africans who start tuckshop businesses as a way of “eliminating competition “ your people are ruthless and selfish here in South Africa, if i were would've kept my mouth shut! Our “Ubuntu” spirit is always taken for granted by foreigners.
别忘了，你的索马里同胞开小食店，向远离城市的穷人出售大量假冒和过期的商品，包括假食品、天知道混了什么的冷饮、假洗涤剂、假尿布和山寨名牌的卫生巾，当南非人举报他们时，他们就贿赂警察，因此南非人只能无视法律，放火烧了你们的商店！再提一下你们的人是如何来到这里，并拥有我们的空间，杀害开快餐店的南非人作为“消除竞争”的一种方式，你们的人在南非是残忍和自私的，如果是我的话我会闭嘴！我们的“善良”总是被外国人视为理所当然。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
I lived there for around 3 years. Most memorable days of my life. My wife loved it and I wish the very best of luck of all South Africans. Always wish that I get a chance to live again with my wife in your beautiful country.God bless u all.
我在那里住了3年，那是我一生中最难忘的日子。我的妻子很喜欢，我祝愿所有南非人好运。我一直希望有机会和我的妻子在你们美丽的国家生活。上帝保佑你们。