Big rise in redundancies among young people

年轻人失业人数大幅增加


(The number of people out of work in the UK has continued to rise, with those aged 25 to 34 facing the biggest risk of losing their jobs.)

(英国的失业人数持续上升,年龄在25岁至34岁之间的人群面临着最大的失业风险。)
新闻:

In the three months to November, people aged 25 to 34 had a redundancy rate of 16.2 per 1,000, a fivefold increase on the same period a year earlier.

在截至11月的三个月里,年龄在25岁至34岁之间的人的无业率为每千人16.2人,比去年同期增长了5倍。

Unemployment rose to 5% from 4.9% as Covid continued to hit the jobs market.

由于新冠肺炎继续冲击就业市场,失业率从4.9%升至5%。

Some 1.72 million were jobless, the Office for National Statistics said, the highest level in five years.

英国国家统计局称,约172万人失业,为五年来最高水平。

That was 418,000 more than in the same period the previous year, the biggest increase since late 2009.

这比去年同期增加了41.8万人,是自2009年末以来的最大增幅。

What does redundancy feel like?

无业是什么感觉?

Abigail Ward, 27, freely admits that she was "a bit naive" when she began her latest job hunt after being made redundant as a store manager at J Crew in London last September.

27岁的阿比盖尔·沃德坦率地承认现在开始找工作时,她“有点天真”——去年9月,她在伦敦的J Crew作为商店经理被裁员。

Having spent the past five years since graduating in retail management, she has a passion for bricks-and-mortar retail and "the value of face-to-face customer interactions" - and it's an area she wants to stay in.

从零售管理专业毕业后,她花了5年时间,对实体零售和“面对面客户互动的价值”充满了热情——这是她想从事的领域。

"I knew it would be hard, but I've been in this position before," she told the BBC.

她告诉BBC:“我知道这会很艰难,但我以前也遇到过这种情况。”

"Back then, it only took me three or four weeks to find a role and maybe 10 job applications, so it all happened quite seamlessly, whereas this time around, it's definitely been a lot more difficult.

“那时候,我只花了三四个星期就找到了一份工作,当时大概申请了10份工作,所以一切都很顺利,而这一次,肯定要困难得多。

"I've probably sent off around 30 to 40 job applications in the last six months, the majority of which just go into the abyss. You never hear a word."

“在过去的六个月里,我可能已经发出了大约30到40份求职申请,其中大部分都石沉大海了。你从来没听到过任何回应。”

However, Abigail has managed to get to the final interview stage for a job - "with me and just one other candidate" - on four separate occasions.

然而,阿比盖尔已经在四个不同的场合成功地进入了工作面试的最后阶段——“有我,并且只有另一个(竞争对手)求职者”。

"Unfortunately, I've missed out on each of those occasions," she says.

“不幸的是,我错过了每一次这样的机会,”她说。

"There are so many hundreds of applications and it's so competitive," she adds. "It's definitely been a big challenge."

她补充道:“有成百上千的申请,竞争非常激烈。这绝对是一个巨大的挑战。”
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Which sectors are worst affected by unemployment?

哪些行业受失业影响最严重?

The hospitality industry was worst hit by the rise in joblessness, followed by manufacturing.

酒店业受失业率上升影响最大,其次是制造业。

In both sectors, the number of people unemployed was up by more than 50,000 on the previous year.

在这两个部门,失业人数比去年增加了5万多人。
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Across all age groups, redundancies rose to a record high of 14.2 per 1,000 people.

在所有年龄段,裁员人数上升至14.2 / 1000,创历史新高。

However, job vacancies also rose, with 81,000 new openings reported in the three months.

不过,职位空缺也有所增加,3个月新增岗位8.1万个。

Is there any precedent for this?

以前出现过这种情况吗?
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ONS deputy chief executive Sam Beckett told the BBC that the UK had not seen such rises in unemployment since the global financial crisis.

英国国家统计局副局长萨姆·贝克特告诉BBC,自全球金融危机以来,英国还没有见过如此高的失业率。

"Payroll numbers show the number of workers on payroll have fallen by over 828,000 since the pandemic began," she added.

她补充说:“就业数据显示,自疫情开始以来,就业人数已经减少了82.8万多人。”

Employment was still at "relatively high levels" compared with other countries, Ms Beckett said, but workers aged 16 to 24 were suffering some of the biggest falls in employment.

贝克特表示,与其它国家相比,英国的就业率仍处于“相对较高的水平”,但16至24岁工人的就业率降幅最大。

However, she added: "We've currently got over 4.5 million people on the furlough scheme, so that does complicate the picture when you're trying to interpret what's going on in the labour market."

然而,她补充说:“我们目前有超过450万人在履行(抗疫)休假计划,所以当你试图解读劳动力市场上发生的事情时,这确实使情况变得复杂。”

What does this mean for the economy?

这对经济意味着什么?

While the main rate of unemployment has reached 5% for the first time in nearly five years, and this morning's numbers saw the largest increase in the numbers unemployed since the financial crisis, the chancellor must now be tempted to extend the furlough scheme to co-ordinate with the rollout of the post-vaccination reopening of the economy.

在主要失业率近五年来首次达到5%,并且今天早上的数据显示了自金融危机以来最大的失业人数增长的同时,财政大臣现在肯定忍不住要延长休假计划,以配合接种疫苗后重新开放经济的计划。。

There are some bad numbers in this release, as would be expected from the pandemic restrictions, but they were expected to be a little worse. In the quarter to November, there were 418,000 extra unemployed over the same period in 2019 - the sharpest annual rise since the 2009 financial crisis.

正如大流行限制措施所预期的那样,这次发布的数据有些糟糕,但预期会更糟一些。在截至11月的季度,2019年同期失业人数增加了41.8万人,这是自2009年金融危机以来的最大年度增幅。

The rate of redundancies reached a record of 14 per 1,000 people. Loss of jobs was concentrated in sectors such as retail and hospitality, most affected by social restrictions, which were reintroduced at the end of the period. Young people also faced the sharpest drops in employment. The jobs numbers are yet to reflect the current return to national lockdowns.

裁员率达到了创纪录的每千人14人。失业主要集中在零售和酒店等部门,这些部门受社会限制的影响最大,这些岗位会在限制期结束后重新开放。年轻人的就业率也面临着最大的下降。就业数据还没有反映出目前全国重新进入封锁状态的情况。

Though a significant rise over the past few pandemic-afflicted months, unemployment at 5% is still low by international standards and is being kept in check by the government's job retention furlough scheme. The current plan is to end the costly scheme in April, which economists expect would see a sharp jump in jobless figures to 6% or 7%.

尽管在过去的几个月里失业率大幅上升,但5%的失业率以国际标准衡量仍然很低,而且政府的留职休假计划控制了失业率。目前的计划是在4月份结束这项耗资巨大的计划,经济学家预计失业率将大幅上升到6%或7%。

But as the government continues to communicate caution about how fast restrictions on the economy will be lifted, business groups are adamant that the scheme needs to be extended into the early summer, or at least lixed to the success of the vaccination programme.

但是,随着政府继续就解除经济限制的速度保持谨慎,商业团体坚定地认为,该计划需要延长到初夏,或者至少与疫苗接种计划的成功挂钩。

What is the government saying?

政府怎么说?

"This crisis has gone on far longer than any of us hoped - and every job lost as a result is a tragedy," said Chancellor Rishi Sunak.

财政大臣里希·苏纳克说:“这场危机持续的时间比我们所有人希望的要长得多,因此失去的每一个工作岗位都是一场悲剧。”

"Whilst the NHS is working hard to protect people with the vaccine, we're throwing everything we've got at supporting businesses, individuals and families.

“虽然国家医疗体系正在努力保护接种疫苗的人,但我们正在尽一切努力支持企业、个人和家庭。

"Our Plan for Jobs includes grants and loans so that firms can keep employees on, the furlough scheme to help protect jobs, and programmes like Kickstart alongside record investment in skills so that people can find their first job, their next job or a new job if needed," Mr Sunak added.

“我们的就业计划包括拨款和贷款,这样公司才能留住员工,帮助保护工作岗位的休假计划,以及像Kickstart这样的项目(译注:政府为年轻人发6个月的工资),以及创纪录的技能投资,让人们能够找到第一份工作、下一份工作,或者如果有必要的话,一份新工作,” 苏纳克补充道。

What happens next?

接下来会发生什么?

With no end in sight to the current lockdown measures, many firms fear that they may not be able to survive the pandemic, with pubs and restaurants bearing the brunt of the restrictions.

由于目前的封锁措施看不到尽头,许多公司担心它们可能无法在大流行中生存下来,而酒吧和餐馆首当其冲受到限制措施的影响。

"The pandemic continues to rip through the labour market," said Tej Parikh, chief economist at the Institute of Directors.

董事学会首席经济学家泰吉·帕里克表示:“大流行会继续冲击劳动力市场。”

"A return to tighter restrictions late last year will have stretched businesses' ability to retain staff. Meanwhile, the furlough scheme will have provided an invaluable cushion for many firms, preventing unemployment from edging up even further."

“去年底恢复更严格的限制的做法,将使企业留住员工的能力吃紧。与此同时,休假计划将为许多公司提供宝贵的缓冲,防止失业率进一步攀升。”

It is "crucial" for the chancellor to extend the furlough scheme and other Covid-19 economic support beyond the spring, he said.

他说,在春季之后延长休假计划和其他新冠肺炎经济支持应该成为财政大臣“至关重要”的措施。

"The forthcoming Budget is a vital moment to help firms retain, retrain and rehire workers as the vaccine rolls out. In particular, the government should provide a relief for employers' National Insurance contributions and support reskilling opportunities to shore up the recovery."

“随着疫苗的推出,即将出台的预算是帮助企业留住、再培训和重新雇佣工人的‘关键时刻’。特别是,政府应该要减轻雇主的国民保险缴款,并支持再就业机会,以支撑经济复苏。”

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