墨西哥的人均GDP略高于中国。两国的生活质量相比如何呢？

原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.com 翻译：Rainslw 转载请注明出处

Shuo Yang
In 2014, the GDP per capita of China is 7589, while the GDP per capita of Mexico is 10715. The PPP per capita of China is 12880 while the PPP per capita of Mexico is 17881. You see, both PPP to GDP ratio is about 1.7, so China and Mexico have similar price level. Since the mexican peso to Chinese Yuan ratio drops around 15% in 2015 compared to 2014, and GDP growth of China is higher than Mexico, the GDP per capita of both countries coverge in 2015 and the gap between PPP per capita will shrink.

2014年，中国的人均GDP是7589，而墨西哥的人均GDP是10715。 中国人均购买力平价为12880，墨西哥人均购买力平价为17881。 你看，两国的PPP与GDP之比都在1.7左右，所以中国和墨西哥的物价水平差不多。由于2015年墨西哥比索对人民币的比率较2014年下降了15%左右，而中国的GDP增速高于墨西哥，两国的人均GDP在2015年有所弥补，人均购买力平价之间的差距将会缩小。

Generally speaking, PPP per capita represent life standard, but it is still arguable, I come across this question several days ago, the PPP per capita gap of China and Egypt is not that much, but many Chinese who have travelled to Egypt could see the huge gap between ordinary life of China and Egypt: Why is the life quality of Egypt similar to China according to PPP per capita, but the reality is very different?

一般来说，人均购买力平价代表着生活水平，但这仍然是值得商榷的，前几天我碰到这个问题，中国和埃及的人均购买力平价差距并不是那么大，但很多去过埃及旅游的中国人都能看到，中国和埃及普通生活的巨大差距:为什么按照人均购买力平价计算，埃及的生活质量和中国差不多，但现实情况却大相径庭？

How PPP is calculated? It is according to price of some daily commodities and services. But it excludes many common consumer industrial products like consumer electronics, which are more and more consumed nowadays. How are the prices investigated? According to my knowledge, in China, the price investigation is done in some major cities. Considering the price differences between Chinese major cities and small cities, especially the housing price difference (housing price difference in many countries are big, but the price of major cities could be more than 20 times that of small cities in China, which is not commonly seen in many other countries), it is hard to say whether the resulted price level is really representative or not. Besides, different countries have different commonly consumed products,(e.g, bread is common in the West but not so many Chinese eat it for daily food), this also add some bias to the price level.

PPP是如何计算的？它是根据一些日常商品和服务的价格。 但它排除了许多普通的消费类工业产品，如消费电子产品，这些产品现在被越来越多地消费。价格是如何进行调查的？ 据我所知，在中国，物价调查是在一些主要城市进行的。 考虑到中国大城市和小城市之间的价格差异，特别是住房价格差异（很多国家的住房价格差异很大，但中国大城市的价格可能是小城市的二十多倍，这在很多其他国家并不常见），由此产生的价格水平是否真正具有代表性很难说。 此外，不同的国家有不同的常用产品（例如面包在西方很常见，但中国人日常食用的不多），这也给物价水平增加了一定的偏差。

Besides, Chinese govt doesn''t want to see a high PPP number for China, see China Doesn’t Want to Be Number One (international media had a field day over the news that, based on a new World Bank report, China’s economy become the world’s largest in terms of purchasing parity power (PPP) by the end of 2014. Yet China itself did not embrace the news. FT, citing people who worked on the World Bank report, says that China actively tried to convince them not to use the data. “China wanted to throw this out,” a source told FT. “They begged and threatened for a whole year … China hates it.”). Even the GDP number could vary to a certain degree if the methodologies vary. So, if the per capita statistics difference are not very large, it is hard to conclude which one has higher life standard.

此外，中国不想看到中国的购买力平价水平过高，中国不想成为世界第一（根据世界银行的一份新报告，中国经济在2014年底以购买力平价(PPP)计算成为世界第一）。 然而，中国自己并没有接受这一消息。 英国《金融时报》援引参与世行报告的人士的话称，中国积极试图说服他们不要使用这些数据。 一位消息人士向英国《金融时报》表示:“中国想把这件事扔掉。” .....）。如果方法不同，甚至GDP数字也会有一定程度的差异。因此，如果人均统计数据差异不是很大，很难断定哪个国家的生活水平更高。

But I searched online for the opinions of Chinese who live in Mexico. There are diverse opinions. But in general, the conclusion I draw from their opinions are:
1) several years ago, the price are much higher in Mexico than China, and the salaries are higher in Mexico. Now the salaries in Mexico is lower than China and the price for something in Mexico is lower than China. This is due to soaring wages in China as well as inflation and changes of currency exchange rate
2) China is doing much better in the modern facilities, like road, public transport, city look, Internet coverage and application(like e-commerce, O2O), and penetration of consumer industrial products (smartphones, home appliances). But Mexico has a higher car penetration (two reasons: 1 Mexico has been richer than China for many years, and thus the Mexicans accumulated a lot of cars. So, when you are in China, the cars you see are modern while in Mexico there are many old cars. 2 public transport is weaker in Mexico and thus ppl have to buy cars). The city look of many Mexican cities are like Chinese cities in the 20th century.
3) China is much safer
4) Mexico has higher Urbanization rate, but the life of the citizens in slums are worse off than Chinese rural population.
5) the pollution and food safety issues downgrade the life quality in China.

我在网上搜索住在墨西哥的华人的意见。 众说纷纭。 但总的来说，我从他们的意见中得出的结论是:
1.几年前，墨西哥的物价比中国高得多，工资比中国高，现在墨西哥的工资比中国低，买东西的价格比中国低，这是由于中国工资上涨，通货膨胀和汇率变化造成的
2.中国在现代化设施，如道路，公共交通，城市面貌，互联网覆盖和应用（如电子商务，O2O)，以及消费工业产品的普及（智能手机，家用电器）方面做得更好。但墨西哥的汽车渗透率更高（两个原因:1墨西哥多年来一直比中国富裕，因此墨西哥人积累了大量的汽车。 所以，当你在中国的时候，你看到的汽车都是现代化的，而在墨西哥有很多老旧的汽车。 墨西哥的公共交通比较薄弱，所以人们不得不买车。许多墨西哥城市的城市面貌就像20世纪的中国城市。
3.中国安全多了
4.墨西哥的城市化率较高，但贫民窟居民的生活状况比中国农村居民差。
5.污染和食品安全问题降低了中国人民的生活质量。

Ayse T. Dogu
If only GDP per capita were to determine quality of life in a country. The gap between rich and poor also important indicator for development. I heard that just 62 people in whole world have the half of the riches of the world. Rest of billions are sharing the other half. 6 of the 62 lives in China. These riches may increase GDP per capita on paper but i doubt they have any real effect for an average man.However i am assuming one side lives super rich while the other side lives below powerty. So GDP per capita alone doesn’t give much data to compare.

如果只有人均国内生产总值才能决定一个国家的生活质量。 贫富差距也是衡量发展的重要指标。 我听说全世界的62个人拥有世界一半的财富。剩下的几十亿人分享剩下的一半。 这62人中有6人生活在中国。 这些财富可能会在纸面上提高人均GDP，但我怀疑它们对普通人有什么实际影响。然而，我假设一方生活在超级富裕的环境中，而另一方生活在权力之下。 因此，仅凭人均GDP并不能提供太多数据进行比较。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处

Cheng Qiang
I am a Chinese living in Latin America. In my opinion, the quality of life in Mexico is about the level of China in the 1990s. The cost of living in Mexico is relatively low, Mexico’s average wage is only half that of China.

我是一个生活在拉丁美洲的华人。 在我看来，墨西哥的生活质量大约是中国上世纪九十年代的水平。墨西哥的生活成本相对较低，但墨西哥的平均工资也只有中国的一半。

Quora User
First of all, GDP per capita is more than "slightly" higher in Mexico than China, regardless of in real terms or with the greatly flawed PPP. The difference is 40-50%.Some Mexicans living in Shanghai tell me that quality of life in Mexico is easily noticeably higher than in China.

首先，墨西哥的人均GDP比中国“略高”，不管是按实际价值计算，还是用有很大缺陷的购买力平价计算。 有些住在上海的墨西哥人告诉我，墨西哥的生活质量明显高于中国。